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Different Chemical Compounds (different + chemical_compound)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	75%

Selected Abstracts

Effect of different chemical compounds as coadjutants of 4-hexylresorcinol on the appearance of deepwater pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) during chilled storage

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 11 2008
Oscar Martínez-Alvarez
Summary Different chemical compounds (kojic acid, cumic acid, phytic acid, sodium metabisulphite, magnesium carbonate, sorbic acid and different protease inhibitors) were used as coadjutants in 4-hexylresorcinol (4-HR)-based melanosis-inhibiting formulas tested for inhibiting melanosis in pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris). The experiment was performed on board ship. Increasing concentrations of 4-HR delayed the occurrence of melanosis during storage. However, 4-HR could not prevent the appearance of a yellow-greenish colouration in the cephalothorax that diminishes the consumer acceptability of shrimps. The incorporation of protease inhibitors (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, iodoacetic acid, egg white and phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride) into the 4-HR-based mixtures improved the acceptability after storage, suggesting that protease activity post-mortem contributes to the reduction in the final acceptability of crustaceans. [source]

A high throughput drug screen based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for anticancer activity of compounds from herbal medicine

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 3 2007
H Tian
Background and purpose: We report the development of a very efficient cell-based high throughput screening (HTS) method, which utilizes a novel bio-sensor that selectively detects apoptosis based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique. Experimental approach: We generated a stable HeLa cell line expressing a FRET-based bio-sensor protein. When cells undergo apoptosis, they activate a protease called ,caspase-3'. Activation of this enzyme will cleave our sensor protein and cause its fluorescence emission to shift from a wavelength of 535 nm (green) to 486 nm (blue). A decrease in the green/blue emission ratio thus gives a direct indication of apoptosis. The sensor cells are grown in 96-well plates. After addition of different chemical compounds to each well, a fluorescence profile can be measured at various time-points using a fluorescent plate reader. Compounds that can trigger apoptosis are potential candidates as anti-cancer drugs. Key results: This novel cell-based HTS method is highly effective in identifying anti-cancer compounds. It was very sensitive in detecting apoptosis induced by various known anti-cancer drugs. Further, this system detects apoptosis, but not necrosis, and is thus more useful than the conventional cell viability assays, such as those using MTT. Finally, we used this system to screen compounds, isolated from two plants used in Chinese medicine, and identified several effective compounds for inducing apoptosis. Conclusions and Implications: This FRET-based HTS method is a powerful tool for identifying anti-cancer compounds and can serve as a highly efficient platform for drug discovery. British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 150, 321,334. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706988 [source]

Atomic Diversity, Molecular Diversity, and Chemical Diversity: The Concept of Chemodiversity

CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 8 2009
Bernard Testa
Abstract This minireview is meant as an introduction to the following paper. To this end, it presents the general background against which the joint paper should be understood. The first objective of the present paper is thus to clarify some concepts and related terminology, drawing a clear distinction between i) atomic diversity (i.e., atomic-property space), ii) molecular or macromolecular diversity (i.e., molecular- or macromolecular-property spaces), and iii) chemical diversity (i.e., chemical-diversity space). The first refers to the various electronic states an atom can occupy. The second encompasses the conformational and property spaces of a given (macro)molecule. The third pertains to the diversity in structure and properties exhibited by a library or a supramolecular assembly of different chemical compounds. The ground is thus laid for the content of the joint paper, which pertains to case ii, to be placed in its broader chemodiversity context. The second objective of this paper is to point to the concepts of chemodiversity and biodiversity as forming a continuum. Chemodiversity is indeed the material substratum of organisms. In other words, chemodiversity is the material condition for life to emerge and exist. Increasing our knowledge of chemodiversity is thus a condition for a better understanding of life as a process. [source]