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Dietary Vitamin C (dietary + vitamin_c)
Selected AbstractsDietary vitamin C and E supplementation and reproduction of milkfish Chanos chanos ForsskalAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 7 2000A C Emata Milkfish Chanos chanos Forsskal broodstock (11 years old, average body weight 5.23,5.73 kg) reared in 10-m-diameter by 3-m-deep floating net cages (31,36 fish per cage) at SEAFDEC AQD's Igang Marine Substation in Guimaras Island, central Philippines, were fed daily at 3% of total body weight formulated diets (36% protein, 7,8% lipid) supplemented with 0.1% vitamin C, 0.05% vitamin E, both vitamin C and E or no vitamin supplementation (control) for 3 years. Reproductive performance was assessed in an attempt to determine the optimum nutrition for successful spawning of milkfish. The total egg production, mean number of eggs per spawning, number of spawns and mean egg diameter were not affected by dietary vitamin C and E supplementation. However, broodstock given dietary supplementation of vitamin C alone or in combination with vitamin E had a higher percentage of spawns with higher (> 90%) percentage egg viability, hatching and cumulative survival rate than those of the control. Broodstock given dietary vitamin E supplementation alone had few spawns, which made the results difficult to analyse. The results confirm the essentiality of vitamin C supplementation in producing more spawns with good egg and larval quality. The production of an adequate volume of good quality eggs and larvae to support hatchery operation is necessary to offset the huge investment in broodstock development, as it takes at least 5 years for milkfish to attain sexual maturation and spawning. [source] Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Resistance to Streptococcus iniae of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, Fed Diets Containing Various Levels of Vitamins C and EJOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY, Issue 1 2010Chhorn Lim Growth, immunity, and resistance of Nile tilapia to Streptococcus iniae challenge were evaluated after feeding diets supplemented with vitamin C (0, 100, 2000 mg/kg) and E (0, 50, 500 mg/kg) for 12 wk. Supplementation of 100 mg vitamin C/kg to the basal diet was sufficient to increase growth and feed efficiency. The amount of vitamin E present in the basal diet (23.1 mg/kg) was sufficient to promote good growth and feed efficiency, but adding 50 mg vitamin E/kg was necessary to increase survival. Liver vitamin C and E concentrations increased with increasing dietary concentrations of the corresponding vitamin. Dietary vitamin E concentrations had no effect on liver vitamin C concentration, but increasing dietary vitamin C increased liver vitamin E. Although hematology was generally unaffected by dietary vitamin E, significantly lower red blood cell count and hemoglobin and higher mean corpuscular volume were observed in fish fed the vitamin C-unsupplemented diets. Total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in fish fed 2000 mg/kg vitamin C diets. Vitamin E at 500 mg/kg diet significantly decreased alternative complement activity. Dietary concentrations of vitamin C had no effect on mortality following S. iniae challenge, but mortality significantly decreased in fish fed vitamin E,supplemented diets. [source] Interactive effects of dietary vitamin C and phospholipid in micro-bound diet for growth, survival, and stress resistance of larval red sea bream, Pagrus majorAQUACULTURE NUTRITION, Issue 5 2010T. REN Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AsA) and phospholipid (PL) and their interaction on growth, survival, and stress resistance in red sea bream larvae. Twenty-six days old red sea bream were fed nine micro-bound diets supplemented three levels of AsA (0, 800 and 1600 mg kg,1 diet) and PL (0, 20 and 40 g kg,1 diet) for 15 days. Dietary AsA and PL were both significant factors on survival rates. There was also an interaction between dietary AsA and PL on survival rate (P < 0.05). The larvae fed 800 or 1600 mg kg,1 AsA with 40 g kg,1 PL diets showed the highest survival rate, with values similar to those of the live-food supplemented group. Stress resistance against low salinity exposure significantly increased with increased dietary level of AsA and PL. However, significant interaction of AsA and PL was not detected. The larvae fed 1600 mg kg,1 AsA with 40 g kg,1 PL diet showed the highest stress resistance among all diets, but it was not significantly different than that of larvae fed 800 mg kg,1 AsA with 40 g kg,1 PL diet. This study clearly demonstrated that combined use of AsA and PL can improve survival of 26,40 days posthatching red sea bream larvae. Moreover, the present study suggested that 800 mg kg,1 AsA with 40 g kg,1 PL in diet was needed for producing high quality seedling under the stressful conditions. [source] Evaluation of l -ascorbyl-2-glucose as the source of vitamin C for juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf)AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 14 2003Xiaojie Wang Abstract This study was conducted to compare l -ascorbyl-2-glucose (AA2G) with l -ascorbyl-2-monophosphate-Na/Ca (AMP-Na/Ca) for supplying the dietary vitamin C for juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf). Fish were fed one of seven semi-purified diets containing equivalents of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg ascorbic acid (AA) kg,1 diet in the form of AA2G or AMP-Na/Ca for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of feeding, weight gain, feed efficiency ratio and survival of fish fed the vitamin C-free diet were significantly lower than those of fish fed the vitamin C-supplemented diets in either form. The hepatosomatic index, condition factor and survival of fish fed AMP-Na/Ca100, AMP-Na/Ca200, AA2G100 and AA2G200 diets were significantly higher than fish fed the vitamin C-free diet. After 9 weeks of feeding, fish fed the vitamin C-free diet began to show vitamin C deficiency signs such as anorexia and lethargy. At the end of the 12-week feeding trial, fish fed the vitamin C-free diet exhibited vitamin C deficiency signs, e.g., anorexia, scoliosis, exophthalmia and fin haemorrhage. Vitamin C retention in the muscle and liver was similar to those of fish fed AA2G- or AMP-Na/Ca-supplemented diets. In general, there was no significant difference in the muscle and liver vitamin C concen-tration in fish fed the AA2G and AMP-Na/Ca diets at the same supplementation levels. [source] Dietary vitamin C and E supplementation and reproduction of milkfish Chanos chanos ForsskalAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 7 2000A C Emata Milkfish Chanos chanos Forsskal broodstock (11 years old, average body weight 5.23,5.73 kg) reared in 10-m-diameter by 3-m-deep floating net cages (31,36 fish per cage) at SEAFDEC AQD's Igang Marine Substation in Guimaras Island, central Philippines, were fed daily at 3% of total body weight formulated diets (36% protein, 7,8% lipid) supplemented with 0.1% vitamin C, 0.05% vitamin E, both vitamin C and E or no vitamin supplementation (control) for 3 years. Reproductive performance was assessed in an attempt to determine the optimum nutrition for successful spawning of milkfish. The total egg production, mean number of eggs per spawning, number of spawns and mean egg diameter were not affected by dietary vitamin C and E supplementation. However, broodstock given dietary supplementation of vitamin C alone or in combination with vitamin E had a higher percentage of spawns with higher (> 90%) percentage egg viability, hatching and cumulative survival rate than those of the control. Broodstock given dietary vitamin E supplementation alone had few spawns, which made the results difficult to analyse. The results confirm the essentiality of vitamin C supplementation in producing more spawns with good egg and larval quality. The production of an adequate volume of good quality eggs and larvae to support hatchery operation is necessary to offset the huge investment in broodstock development, as it takes at least 5 years for milkfish to attain sexual maturation and spawning. [source] Intake of vitamin C and E in pregnancy and risk of pre-eclampsia: prospective study among 57 346 womenBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 7 2009ÅK Klemmensen Objective, It has been suggested that vitamin C, alone or in combination with vitamin E, may protect against pre-eclampsia, whereas the safety of high-dose vitamin E supplements has been questioned. We investigated dietary intakes of vitamins C and E to see if they correlated with the incidence of pre-eclampsia. Design, Prospective cohort study. Setting, The Danish National Birth Cohort; a population-based pregnancy cohort; analyses were based on 57 346 pregnancies. Methods, Vitamin intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire completed in gestational week 25, recording intake from diet and supplements during the previous four weeks. Pre-eclampsia diagnoses were obtained from the Danish National Patient Registry; we worked with two entities, ,pre-eclampsia (all types)' and ,severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia/HELLP'. We adjusted for confounding factors by logistic regression. Main outcome measures, A small increase in the incidence of severe disease was also seen in the group of women (64, n = 49 373) with a high intake of vitamin E from supplements and dietary sources. Results, The incidence of ,pre-eclampsia (all types)' did not correlate with dietary vitamin C and E intake. There was a decreasing trend (P = 0.01) in the incidence of ,severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia/HELLP' with increasing dietary vitamin C intake; with an intake of 130,170 mg/day as reference, odds ratios ranged from 1.21 (95% confidence interval 0.83 to 1.75) for an intake below 70 mg/day to 0.70 (0.40 to 1.23) for an intake exceeding 275 mg/day (total n = 57 346). For vitamin E intake aggregated from diet and supplements (n = 49 373), with an intake of 10.5,13.5 mg/day as reference, the ,severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia/HELLP' odds ratio was 1.46 (1.02 to 2.09) for an intake exceeding 18 mg/day. Conclusions, Low dietary intake of vitamin C was associated with a trend towards an increased incidence of either severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia or HELLP. A small increase in the incidence of severe disease was also seen in the group of women with a high intake of vitamin E from supplements and dietary sources. [source] | ||||||||||