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Diagnostic Importance (diagnostic + importance)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

A novel case of haemoglobin H disease associated with clinical and morphological characteristics of congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type I

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2002
M. Antonelou
Abstract: We report, for the first time, an unusual case of congenital anaemia with the clinical diagnosis of haemoglobin H disease complicated by morphological features at the light and electron microscopy level very similar to those of CDA-I. The red cell indices and the globin chain biosynthetic ratio were not characteristic of the defective haemoglobin genotype. The haematological, clinical and morphological data strongly suggest the novel coexistence of the two defects in a patient. The disease is characterised by a unique dyserythropoietic phenotype of diagnostic importance, which possibly brings new data regarding the reciprocal interaction between the two diseases, especially concerning a specific abnormality in globin chain synthesis in CDA-I, as previously suggested. [source]

Bereitschaftspotential and movement-related potentials: Origin, significance, and application in disorders of human movement

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 5 2007
James G. Colebatch MB
Abstract The existence of a slow negative wave, the Bereitschaftspotential ("BP"), preceding voluntary movement by 1 second or more was first reported more than 40 years ago. There appears to be considerable interindividual differences, but there is general agreement that the initial negativity actually consists of two distinct phases. Uncertainty remains about many other properties and features of the response, including nomenclature, which makes the existing literature difficult to synthesize. The duration of the premovement negativity raises questions about how and when voluntary movement is initiated. Premovement negativities can also be seen before (predictably) externally paced movement, and these have similarities to the BP. Although lateralized generators exist, it is likely that the majority of the early component of the BP (BP1 or early BP), arises from the anterior supplementary motor area (SMA) and more rostral pre-SMA. The late phase of the BP (BP2 or late BP) is probably generated by activity in both the SMA proper and the contralateral motor cortex. Changes in the BP occur in several movement disorders, notably Parkinson's disease, in which the pattern is consistent with a failure of pre-SMA activation. The presence (or absence) of a clear preceding negativity can also have diagnostic importance for certain movement disorders. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source]

Frühsignale systemischer Mykosen , Leitlinien für Therapieentscheidungen?

MYCOSES, Issue 2004
H. Bernhardt
Systemic mycoses; diagnosis; treatment Zusammenfassung Bei Untersuchungen in vitro und im klinischen Einsatz hat sich gezeigt, dass alle Antimykotika ihre größte Wirksamkeit haben, wenn sie zu einem möglichst frühen Zeitpunkt der Infektion eingesetzt werden. Dazu ist eine frühzeitige Diagnosestellung notwendig. Für die Aspergillose und vor allem die Candidose ist zur Zeit eine Aussage nur bei Kombination mehrerer Methoden möglich. Entzündungsparameter wie das Procalcitonin und C-reaktive Protein sowie die proinflammatorischen Cytokine können wichtige Hinweise auf eine Infektion geben. Antigennachweise haben durch eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit an Bedeutung gewonnen. Neben dem Mannan-Nachweis im ELISA-Test ist auch auf die Nachweise des , -Glucans und des D-Arabinitols aufmerksam zu machen. Ob die transmembranalen Rezeptorproteine oder andere regulatorische Proteine eine diagnostische Bedeutung erlangen, erscheint bei dem heutigen Stand der Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Proteomics nicht ausgeschlossen zu sein. Summary Clinical applications and in vitro studies show that all antimycotics are most effective against infection when applied as early as possible. An early diagnosis is, therefore, essential. At this time for aspergillosis and particularly candidosis, a statement is only possible by combining several diagnostic methods. Inflammatory parameters like procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokines are most important evidence of infection. Antigen tests are more significant by higher sensitivity. Attention should be focused on the detection of mannan by ELISA test, , -glucan and D-arabinitol. Given the present research level in the field of proteomics, the diagnostic importance of transmembranal receptor proteins or other regulatory proteins seems promising. [source]

FLUID FLOW IN DISTENSIBLE VESSELS

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
CD Bertram
SUMMARY 1Flow in single vascular conduits is reviewed, divided into distended and deflated vessels. 2In distended vessels with pulsatile flow, wave propagation and reflection dominate the spatial and temporal distribution of pressure, determining the shape, size and relative timing of measured pressure waveforms, as well as the instantaneous pressure gradient everywhere. Considerable research has been devoted to accessing the information on pathological vascular malformations contained in reflected waves. Slow waves of contraction of vessel wall muscle, responsible for transport of oesophageal, ureteral and gut contents, have also been modelled. 3The pressure gradient in a vessel drives the flow. Flow rate can be predicted both analytically and numerically, but analytical theory is limited to idealized geometry. The complex geometry of biological system conduits necessitates computation instead. Initially limited to rigid boundaries, numerical methods now include fluid,structure interaction and can simultaneously model solute transport, thus predicting accurately the environment of the mechanosensors and chemosensors at vessel surfaces. 4Deflated vessels display all phenomena found in distended vessels, but have additional unique behaviours, especially flow rate limitation and flow-induced oscillation. Flow rate limitation is widespread in the human body and has particular diagnostic importance in respiratory investigation. Because of their liquid lining, the pulmonary airways are also characterized by important two-phase flows, where surface tension phenomena create flows and determine the patency and state of collapse of conduits. 5Apart from the vital example of phonation, sustained self-excited oscillation is largely avoided in the human body. Where it occurs in snoring, it is implicated in the pathological condition of sleep apnoea. [source]