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Designer Drug (designer + drug)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	77%
Medical Sciences	16%

Selected Abstracts

Review of: Mass Spectra of Designer Drugs 2005

JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 2 2006
Terry A. Dal Cason M.S.
[source]

Designer drug 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA-2): Studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques

JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 9 2006
Andreas H. Ewald
Abstract Studies are described on the metabolism and the toxicological detection of the amphetamine-derived designer drug 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA-2) in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) techniques. The identified metabolites indicated that TMA-2 was metabolized by oxidative deamination to the corresponding ketone followed by reduction to the corresponding alcohol, O -demethylation followed by oxidative deamination, and finally O,O -bis-demethylation. All metabolites carrying hydroxy groups were found to be partly excreted in urine as glucuronides and/or sulfates. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS after acid hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction, and microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection, in rat urine, of an intake of TMA-2 that corresponds to a common drug users' dose. Assuming similar metabolism, the described STA procedure in human urine should be suitable as proof of an intake of TMA-2. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Methylone and mCPP, two new drugs of abuse?

ADDICTION BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
M. Bossong
Recently, two new ecstasy-like substances, methylone and mCPP, were found in street drugs in the Netherlands by the Drugs Information and Monitoring System (DIMS). Methylone (3,4-methylenedioxymethcathinone) is the main ingredient of a new liquid designer drug that appeared on the Dutch drug market, called ,Explosion'. mCPP (meta-chlorophenylpiperazine) is a substance often used as a probe for the serotonin function in psychiatric research, and has now been found in street drugs, both in tablets and powders. Methylone as well as mCPP act on monoaminergic systems, resembling MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), with mCPP mainly affecting the serotonin system. The subjective effects of both new substances exhibit subtle differences with those of MDMA. Only little is known about the harmfulness of both methylone and mCPP. However, because of similarities between these substances and MDMA, risks common to MDMA cannot be excluded. [source]

Studies on the metabolism and toxicological detection of the designer drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-,- phenethylamine (2C-D) in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques

JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 11 2006
Denis S. Theobald
Abstract The phenethylamine-derived designer drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-,-phenethylamine (2C-D) was found to be metabolized in rats by O -demethylation at position 2 or 5 followed by N -acetylation or by deamination with oxidation to the corresponding acids or reduction to the corresponding alcohol. Furthermore, 2C-D was hydroxylated at the methyl group or deaminated followed by reduction to the corresponding alcohol or by oxidation to the corresponding acid. Most of the metabolites were excreted in conjugated form. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS allowed the detection of an intake of a dose of 2C-D in rat urine that corresponds to a common drug user's dose. Assuming similar metabolism, the described STA procedure should be suitable for proof of an intake of 2C-D in human urine. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Designer drug 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA-2): Studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques

New designer drug, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylthio-,-phenethylamine (2C-T-7): studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry,

JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 1 2005
Denis S. Theobald
Abstract Studies are described on the metabolism and toxicological analysis of the phenethylamine-derived designer drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylthio-,-phenethylamine (2C-T-7) in rat urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The identified metabolites indicated that 2C-T-7 was metabolized by hydroxylation of the propyl side chain followed by N -acetylation and sulfoxidation and also by deamination followed by oxidation to the corresponding acid or by reduction to the corresponding alcohol. To a minor extent, 2C-T-7 was also metabolized by S -dealkylation followed by N -acetylation, S -methylation and sulfoxidation. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS after acid hydrolysis, liquid,liquid extraction microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection of an intake of a dose of 2C-T-7 in rat urine that corresponds to a common drug users' dose. Assuming similar metabolism, the described STA procedure should be suitable for proof of an intake of 2C-T-7 in human urine. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

New designer drug 1-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl) piperazine (MDBP): studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry,

JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 3 2004
Roland F. Staack
Abstract Studies are described on the metabolism and toxicological analysis of the piperazine-derived designer drug 1-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine (MDBP) in rat urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The identified metabolites indicated that MDBP was metabolized by demethylenation and subsequent methylation to N -(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)piperazine followed by partial glucuronidation or sulfation. Additionally, degradation of the piperazine moiety to N -(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)ethylenediamine and 3,4-methylenedioxybenzylamine and N -dealkylation to piperazine were observed. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS after acid hydrolysis, liquid/liquid extraction and microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection of MDBP and its above-mentioned metabolites in rat urine after single administration of a dose calculated from the doses commonly taken by drug users. Assuming similar metabolism, the described STA procedure should be suitable for proof of an intake of MDBP by analysis of human urine. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

2C-T-4 intoxication: Acute psychosis caused by a designer drug

PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 2 2008
Miho Miyajima md
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Managing young people with Type 1 diabetes in a ,rave' new world: metabolic complications of substance abuse in Type 1 diabetes

DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 4 2009
P. Lee
Abstract The taxing transition from adolescence towards adulthood intensifies the impact of a chronic illness such as Type 1 diabetes. It is not uncommon for young people with Type 1 diabetes to use recreational drugs for emotional relief to escape the day-to-day burden of chronic disease. Despite increasing use, especially in the setting of ,rave' parties, there is professional lack of understanding of the impact of recreational drug use on glycaemia and metabolic complications. The current review describes the prevalence of substance abuse in Type 1 diabetes and the acute impact of designer drugs on its management. We propose a practical approach to improve care of young people with Type 1 diabetes using designer drugs. [source]

Acute confusional state after designer tryptamine abuse

PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 2 2007
MASANARI ITOKAWA md
Abstract A 23-year-old Japanese woman was brought to the emergency department about 6.5 h after taking liquid and later a half tablet purchased on the street. About 4.5 h prior to presentation, she displayed excited and disorganized behavior. On examination, she was not alert or oriented, with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13, did not answer any questions from doctors while smirking and looking around restlessly, and sometimes exhibited echolalia, imitating the speech of doctors. She was given intravenous infusion of fluid for 8 h, then discharged. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of urine revealed 5-methoxy-diisopropyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-N-methyltryptamine and an unidentified tryptamine. Identifying chemical products based solely on information of users is insufficient, and urinalysis is necessary in cases potentially involving designer drugs. [source]

Multi-residue analysis of eight thioamphetamine designer drugs in human urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 19 2009
Maria Nieddu
An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination in human urine of several thioamphetamine designer drugs (2C-T and ALEPH series) is reported. The quantitative analysis was performed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and has been fully validated. The mass spectrometer was operated in positive-ion, selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. In order to minimize interferences with matrix components and to preconcentrate target analytes, solid-phase extraction was introduced in the method as a clean-up step. The entire method was validated for selectivity, linearity, precision and accuracy. The method turned out to be specific, sensitive, and reliable for the analysis of amphetamine derivatives in urine samples. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 1 to 100,ng,mL,1 for all drugs with correlation coefficients that exceeded 0.996. The lower limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1.2 to 4.9,ng,mL,1 and from 3.2 to 9.6,ng,mL,1, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Application of tandem mass spectrometry combined with gas chromatography and headspace solid-phase dynamic extraction for the determination of drugs of abuse in hair samples

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 5 2003
Dirk W. Lachenmeier
A new method combination, headspace solid-phase dynamic extraction coupled with gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPDE/GC/MS/MS), is introduced to determine drugs of abuse in hair samples. This highly automated procedure utilizes SPDE for pre-concentration and on-coating derivatization as well as GC and triple quadrupole MS/MS for selective and sensitive detection. All these steps, apart from washing and cutting of the hair samples, are performed without manual intervention on a robot-like autosampler. SPDE is a solventless extraction technique related to solid-phase microextraction (SPME). The analytes are absorbed from the sample headspace directly into a hollow needle with an internal coating of polydimethylsiloxane by repeated aspirate/dispense cycles. The HS-SPDE/GC/MS/MS procedure was applied to the analysis of methadone, the trimethylsilyl derivatives of cannabinoids and the trifluoroacetyl derivatives of amphetamines and designer drugs. The method was shown to be sensitive with detection limits between 6 and 52 pg/mg hair matrix and precision between 0.4 and 7.8% by the use of an internal standard technique. Linearity was obtained from 0.1,20,ng/mg with coefficients of correlation between 0.995 and 0.999. Compared with conventional methods of hair analysis, HS-SPDE/GC/MS/MS is easier to use, substantially faster, with the degree of sensitivity and reproducibility demanded in clinical and forensic toxicology. The main advantage of the SPDE technique in relation to SPME is the robustness of the capillary. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Simultaneous determination of ten amphetamine designer drugs in human whole blood by capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection

BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY, Issue 10 2005
Maria Nieddu
Abstract In recent years, a number of new designer drugs have entered the illicit drug market. The methylenedioxyderivatives of amphetamine represent the largest group of designer drugs. This paper describes a method for screening for and simultaneously quantifying 10 2,5-methylenedioxy-derivatives of amphetamine and phenethylamine in human whole blood, using capillary electrophoresis (CE) with diode array detection (DAD). Using an aqueous pH 2.5 phosphate buffer, CE analysis gave peaks with good symmetry and reproducible migration times. Under these experimental conditions, the 10 amphetamines were resolved in 15 min and without interference from biological matrices (blood). Their identification by migration time was confirmed by their UV spectra recorded with a DAD (190,350 nm). The main advantages of the present method lie in its simplicity, clean and reliable extraction from human whole blood and simultaneous detection and quantification by CE-DAD. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by analysis of in vivo rat blood samples. The method was validated according to international guidelines. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]