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Additional Input (additional + input)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Engineering50%
Humanities and Social Sciences33%

Selected Abstracts

CAD of evanescent-mode bandpass filters based on the short ridged waveguide sections

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RF AND MICROWAVE COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING, Issue 6 2001
Anatoly Kirilenko
Abstract The paper presents the internal details of a developed full-wave algorithm for the computer-aided design of evanescent-mode bandpass filters formed by single- or double-short ridged waveguide sections. New filter configurations with an enlarged cross section of filter housing and nonconventional notch-strip-notch elements providing improved stopband performance are given special considerations. Additional input,output transformers built on rectangular waveguide sections are used in designing broadband filters. Characteristics of one of the designed filters are verified by measured data. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 11: 354,365, 2001 [source]

Fine root dynamics in a loblolly pine forest are influenced by free-air-CO2 -enrichment: a six-year-minirhizotron study

GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
SETH G. PRITCHARD
Abstract Efforts to characterize carbon (C) cycling among atmosphere, forest canopy, and soil C pools are hindered by poorly quantified fine root dynamics. We characterized the influence of free-air-CO2 -enrichment (ambient +200 ppm) on fine roots for a period of 6 years (Autumn 1998 through Autumn 2004) in an 18-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantation near Durham, NC, USA using minirhizotrons. Root production and mortality were synchronous processes that peaked most years during spring and early summer. Seasonality of fine root production and mortality was not influenced by atmospheric CO2 availability. Averaged over all 6 years of the study, CO2 enrichment increased average fine root standing crop (+23%), annual root length production (+25%), and annual root length mortality (+36%). Larger increase in mortality compared with production with CO2 enrichment is explained by shorter average fine root lifespans in elevated plots (500 days) compared with controls (574 days). The effects of CO2 -enrichment on fine root proliferation tended to shift from shallow (0,15 cm) to deeper soil depths (15,30) with increasing duration of the study. Diameters of fine roots were initially increased by CO2 -enrichment but this effect diminished over time. Averaged over 6 years, annual fine root NPP was estimated to be 163 g dw m,2 yr,1 in CO2 -enriched plots and 130 g dw m,2 yr,1 in control plots (P= 0.13) corresponding to an average annual additional input of fine root biomass to soil of 33 g m,2 yr,1 in CO2 -enriched plots. A lack of consistent CO2× year effects suggest that the positive effects of CO2 enrichment on fine root growth persisted 6 years following minirhizotron tube installation (8 years following initiation of the CO2 fumigation). Although CO2 -enrichment contributed to extra flow of C into soil in this experiment, the magnitude of the effect was small suggesting only modest potential for fine root processes to directly contribute to soil C storage in south-eastern pine forests. [source]

Efficiency and TFP Growth in the Spanish Regions: The Role of Human and Public Capital

GROWTH AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2003
Maria del Mar Salinas Jiménez
Once estimates of efficiency are obtained, the aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of human and public capital on growth in terms of their impact on Total Factor Productivity (TFP). Public capital is believed to increase the productivity of the private factors of production whereas human capital is thought to contribute to the production process as an additional input and to have a dynamic influence on growth through its impact on technological innovation (shifts in the production frontier) and technological diffusion (movements toward the frontier), which are the components of this TFP measure. Considering inefficiencies will then allow the effects of these variables on TFP growth to be estimated via technological progress and efficiency gains. [source]

Analysis, design, and performance limitations of H, optimal filtering in the presence of an additional input with known frequency

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 16 2007
Ali Saberi
Abstract A generalized ,-level H, sub-optimal input decoupling (SOID) filtering problem is formulated. It is a generalization of ,-level H, SOID filtering problem when, besides an input with unknown statistical properties but with a finite RMS norm, there exists an additional input to the given plant or system. The additional input is a linear combination of sinusoidal signals each of which has an unknown amplitude and phase but known frequency. The analysis, design, and performance limitations of generalized H, optimal filters are presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Relationship between environmental performance and financial performance: an empirical analysis of japanese corporations

BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Issue 2 2007
Yuriko Nakao
Abstract The hypotheses that a firm's environmental performance has a positive impact on its financial performance and vice versa are statistically supported by Japanese data. However, this tendency for two-way positive interaction appears to be only a relatively recent phenomenon. The tendency for realizing the two-way interaction is not limited to the top-scoring firms in terms of both financial and environmental performance. On the contrary, this is also a trend that can be observed fairly generally. Obviously, when we consider only scores of those companies that published the relevant information in their environmental reports, and conduct the statistical causality test with such information as additional input to the pooled time-series and cross-section data of financial performance, the results become more strongly significant. From the recent experience of environmental policies in Japan, we infer that information-based environmental policy measures are effective to encourage the ongoing transition toward a more sustainable market economy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]