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Darby Canine Kidney Cells (darby + canine_kidney_cell)
Selected AbstractsA novel 2D-based approach to the discovery of candidate substrates for the metalloendopeptidase meprinFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 18 2008Daniel Ambort In the past, protease-substrate finding proved to be rather haphazard and was executed by in vitro cleavage assays using singly selected targets. In the present study, we report the first protease proteomic approach applied to meprin, an astacin-like metalloendopeptidase, to determine physiological substrates in a cell-based system of Madin,Darby canine kidney epithelial cells. A simple 2D IEF/SDS/PAGE-based image analysis procedure was designed to find candidate substrates in conditioned media of Madin,Darby canine kidney cells expressing meprin in zymogen or in active form. The method enabled the discovery of hitherto unkown meprin substrates with shortened (non-trypsin-generated) N- and C-terminally truncated cleavage products in peptide fragments upon LC-MS/MS analysis. Of 22 (17 nonredundant) candidate substrates identified, the proteolytic processing of vinculin, lysyl oxidase, collagen type V and annexin A1 was analysed by means of immunoblotting validation experiments. The classification of substrates into functional groups may propose new functions for meprins in the regulation of cell homeostasis and the extracellular environment, and in innate immunity, respectively. [source] [Na+]i -induced c-Fos expression is not mediated by activation of the 5,-promoter containing known transcriptional elementsFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 14 2007Mounsif Haloui In vascular smooth muscle cells and several other cell types, inhibition of Na+/K+ -ATPase leads to the expression of early response genes, including c-Fos. We designed this study to examine whether or not a putative Na+i/K+i -sensitive element is located within the c-Fos 5,-UTR from ,,650 to +,103 containing all known response elements activated by ,classic' stimuli, such as growth factors and Ca2+i -raising compounds. In HeLa cells, the highest increment of c-Fos mRNA content was noted after 6 h of Na+/K+ -ATPase inhibition with ouabain that was abolished by actinomycin D, an inhibitor of RNA synthesis. c-Fos protein accumulation in ouabain-treated cells correlated with a gain of Na+i and loss of K+i. Augmented c-Fos expression was also observed under inhibition of Na+/K+ -ATPase in K+ -free medium and in the presence of the Na+ ionophore monensin. The effect of ouabain on c-Fos expression was sharply attenuated under dissipation of the transmembrane Na+ gradient, but was preserved in the presence of Ca2+ chelators and the extracellular regulated kinase inhibitor PD98059, thus indicating an Na+i -mediated, Ca2+i - and extracellular regulated kinase-independent mechanism of gene expression. In contrast to massive c-Fos expression, we failed to detect any effect of ouabain on accumulation of luciferase driven by the c-Fos 5,-UTR. Negative results were also obtained in ouabain-treated vascular smooth muscle cells and C11 Madin,Darby canine kidney cells possessing augmented c-Fos expression. Our results reveal that Na+i -induced c-Fos expression is not mediated by the 5,-UTR containing transcriptional elements activated by growth factors and other ,classic stimuli'. [source] Secretion of proteases in serglycin transfected Madin,Darby canine kidney cellsFEBS JOURNAL, Issue 3 2006Lillian Zernichow Madin,Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, which do not normally express the proteoglycan (PG) serglycin, were stably transfected with cDNA for human serglycin fused to a polyhistidine tag (His-tag). Clones with different levels of serglycin mRNA expression were generated. One clone with lower and one with higher serglycin mRNA expression were selected for this study. 35S-labelled serglycin in cell fractions and conditioned media was isolated using HisTrap affinity chromatography. Serglycin could also be detected in conditioned media using western blotting. To investigate the possible importance of serglycin linked to protease secretion, enzyme activities using chromogenic substrates and zymography were measured in cell fractions and serum-free conditioned media of the different clones. Cells were cultured in both the absence and presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In general, enzyme secretion was strongly enhanced by treatment with PMA. Our analyses revealed that the clone with the highest serglycin mRNA expression, level of HisTrap isolated 35S-labelled serglycin, and amount of serglycin core protein as detected by western blotting, also showed the highest secretion of proteases. Transfection of serglycin into MDCK cells clearly leads to changes in secretion levels of secreted endogenous proteases, and could provide further insight into the biosynthesis and secretion of serglycin and potential partner molecules. [source] Structural requirements for the apical sorting of human multidrug resistance protein 2 (ABCC2)FEBS JOURNAL, Issue 7 2002Anne T. Nies The human multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2, symbol ABCC2) is a polytopic membrane glycoprotein of 1545 amino acids which exports anionic conjugates across the apical membrane of polarized cells. A chimeric protein composed of C-proximal MRP2 and N-proximal MRP1 localized to the apical membrane of polarized Madin,Darby canine kidney cells (MDCKII) indicating involvement of the carboxy-proximal part of human MRP2 in apical sorting. When compared to other MRP family members, MRP2 has a seven-amino-acid extension at its C-terminus with the last three amino acids (TKF) comprising a PDZ-interacting motif. In order to analyze whether this extension is required for apical sorting of MRP2, we generated MRP2 constructs mutated and stepwise truncated at their C-termini. These constructs were fused via their N-termini to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and were transiently transfected into polarized, liver-derived human HepG2 cells. Quantitative analysis showed that full-length GFP,MRP2 was localized to the apical membrane in 73% of transfected, polarized cells, whereas it remained on intracellular membranes in 27% of cells. Removal of the C-terminal TKF peptide and stepwise deletion of up to 11 amino acids did not change this predominant apical distribution. However, apical localization was largely impaired when GFP,MRP2 was C-terminally truncated by 15 or more amino acids. Thus, neither the PDZ-interacting TKF motif nor the full seven-amino-acid extension were necessary for apical sorting of MRP2. Instead, our data indicate that a deletion of at least 15 C-terminal amino acids impairs the localization of MRP2 to the apical membrane of polarized cells. [source] DNA Depletion by Precipitation in the Purification of Cell Culture-Derived Influenza VaccinesCHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 6 2010T. Kröber Abstract A pilot study for the purification of cell culture-derived human influenza virus is presented, which focuses on the early removal of DNA by precipitation. Strains of influenza virus were propagated using Madin Darby canine kidney cells as a host. A harvesting time of about 72 h postinfection was chosen to minimize the level of impurities (host cell DNA and protein). Cell culture supernatant was clarified by centrifugation and the performance of this operation was characterized on the basis of Sigma theory. An average clarification efficiency of 93,% (based on turbidity) and a product yield of 85,% (based on hemagglutination activity) were obtained at a load of 1.6,ˇ,10,8 m s,1. Furthermore, the applicability of Sigma theory for scale-up studies using two different laboratory centrifuges was verified. Selective precipitation of DNA was achieved by the addition of polyethyleneimine (PEI). Full factorial design was applied to optimize selectivity considering pH, ionic strength, and the concentration and molecular weight of PEI. Under optimized conditions, treatment with PEI resulted in a reduction of DNA to 15,% of the initial amount, while 86,% of virions (based on neuraminidase activity) were recovered. The subsequent concentration of virions was realized by tangential-flow ultrafiltration. Recovery based on hemagglutination activity was determined to 63,% on average. Including the previous precipitation step, overall reduction in DNA after tangential-flow ultrafiltration was 500-fold. These results indicate that the suggested unit operations are suited for the early depletion of DNA in cell culture-derived influenza vaccine production. [source] | ||||||||||