Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (dsm-iv axis + i_disorders)
Selected AbstractsDepression in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients: prevalence and risk factors.DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 7 2005A Croatian survey from the European Depression in Diabetes (EDID) Research Consortium Abstract Aims To determine the prevalence rate of and risk factors for depression in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Depressive mood was examined in 384 randomly selected outpatients with Type 2 diabetes. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) were used to identify depressive disturbances. The groups with CES-D , 16 and < 16 were compared with respect to demographic, psychological and clinical characteristics. Regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for depression. Results Of the examined patients, 22% had CES-D scores , 16, and in 33% of them clinical depression was confirmed by the psychiatric interview. Depressed patients compared with the non-depressed ones reported more diabetes-related problems and poorer well-being (t = 6.71, P < 0.001 and t = 11.98, P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analysis indicated female gender, experienced support and the level of emotional well-being to predict depression (R = 0.74, F = 15.3, P < 0.001). Conclusions The obtained data indicate that the prevalence rate in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients is comparable to findings from other cultural settings. Depressive symptoms can be predicted by psychological rather than disease-related variables. Psychological care for diabetic patients may be necessary to prevent depressive symptomatology. [source] New onsets of substance use disorders in borderline personality disorder over 7 years of follow-ups: findings from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders StudyADDICTION, Issue 1 2009Marc Walter ABSTRACT Aims The purpose of this study was to examine whether patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have a higher rate of new onsets of substance use disorders (SUD) than do patients with other personality disorders (OPD). Design This study uses data from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorder Study (CLPS), a prospective naturalistic study with reliable repeated measures over 7 years of follow-up. Setting Multiple clinical sites in four northeastern US cities. Participants A total of 175 patients with BPD and 396 patients with OPD (mean age 32.5 years) were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 months. Measurements The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and the Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders were used at baseline, the Follow-Along version of the DIPD-IV and the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation at the follow-up evaluations. Kaplan,Meier analyses were calculated to generate the time to new onsets. Findings BPD patients showed a shorter time to new onsets of SUD. Thirteen per cent of BPD patients developed a new alcohol use disorder and 11% developed a new drug use disorder, compared to rates of 6% and 4%, respectively, for OPD. Non-remitted BPD and remitted BPD patients did not differ significantly in rates of new onsets of SUD. Conclusions BPD patients have a high vulnerability for new onsets of SUDs even when their psychopathology improves. These findings indicate some shared etiological factors between BPD and SUD and underscore the clinical significance of treating SUD when it co-occurs in BPD patients. [source] Attention-deficit hyperactivity symptoms and disorder in eating disorder inpatientsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 4 2009William R. Yates MD Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and a DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis in women admitted for treatment of an eating disorder. Method: One hundred eighty-nine inpatient women with an eating disorder were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and ADHD interview from the Multi-international Psychiatric Interview (MINI). Results: Twenty-one percent of the sample reported at least six current ADHD symptoms, but the estimated prevalence rate for a diagnosis of ADHD in this population was only 5.8% (95% CI: 2.6%,9.5%). Most current ADHD inattentive symptoms appeared after childhood suggesting late-onset non-ADHD origins. Current inattention symptoms in those without a diagnosis of ADHD correlated with higher BMI (p < .0001), symptoms of bulimia nervosa and current level of depression symptoms (p = .025). Discussion: Although current ADHD symptoms were commonly endorsed in this population, clinicians should carefully examine for childhood symptom-onset of ADHD. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009 [source] The spectrum of substance abuse in bipolar disorder: reasons for use, sensation seeking and substance sensitivityBIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 3 2007Jacopo V Bizzarri Objectives:, To examine the spectrum of alcohol and substance abuse, including reasons for use, in patients with bipolar I disorder, compared with patients with substance use disorder and healthy controls, with a specific focus on the relationship between substance use, substance sensitivity, other comorbid psychiatric symptoms and traits related to sensation seeking. Methods:, This study included 104 patients with bipolar I disorder (BPD I), of whom 57 (54.8%) met DSM-IV criteria for lifetime alcohol or substance use disorder (BPD + SUD), 35 patients with substance use disorder (SUD) and no psychiatric disorder and 50 healthy controls. Assessments included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Spectrum of Substance Use (SCI-SUBS). Results:, Patients with BPD + SUD and SUD had significantly higher scores on the SCI-SUBS domains of self-medication, substance sensitivity and sensation seeking compared with patients with BPD and healthy controls. Reasons for substance use did not differ between patients with BPD + SUD and patients with SUD. Those most frequently cited were: improving mood; relieving tension; alleviating boredom; achieving/maintaining euphoria; and increasing energy. Conclusions:, Recourse to substances is associated with increased mood and anxiety symptoms, substance sensitivity, and sensation seeking among patients with BPD + SUD and SUD. Substance sensitivity and sensation seeking traits should be investigated in all patients with BPD as possible factors associated with a development of SUD, in order to warn patients of the specific risks related to improper use of medications and substances. [source] Psychotic features in borderline patients: is there a connection to mood dysregulation?BIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 4 2005Benvenuti A Objective:, To investigate the relationship between lifetime mood and psychotic spectrum features in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method:, The study sample consisted of BPD patients with (n = 39, BPD-M) or without (n = 21, BPD-noM) lifetime mood disorders. The diagnostic assessment was conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). The diagnosis of BPD was made clinically and then confirmed by Gunderson's diagnostic interview for borderlines. Subjects were also administered the Structured Clinical Interview for Psychotic Spectrum (SCI-PSY) and the Mood Spectrum self-report questionnaire (MOODS-SR). Results:, BPD-M had significantly higher scores than BPD-noM on the ,lifetime' mood spectrum subdomains ,depressive mood' and ,depressive cognition'. The two groups did not differ on the scores of psychotic spectrum except for higher ,hypertrophic self-esteem' scores in BPD-noM. In BPD-noM both the depressive and the manic-hypomanic component of mood spectrum were significantly correlated with the ,delusion' subdomain of the psychotic spectrum. The depressive component was correlated with ,depersonalization/derealization' and the manic-hypomanic component was correlated with ,hypertrophic self-esteem'. In BPD-M, the manic-hypomanic component of mood spectrum was correlated with different subdomains of the psychotic spectrum: ,hypertrophic self-esteem', ,self-reference', ,interpretive attitude', ,anger/overreactivity, ,unusual and odd thoughts', ,illusions', ,delusions', ,hallucinations' and ,catatonia'. The depressive component of mood spectrum was ,uncorrelated' with the subdomains of the psychotic spectrum. Conclusions:, Our data support the hypothesis that ,lifetime' manic-hypomanic mood dysregulations are correlated with psychotic spectrum features in borderline patients. The assessment of these spectrum features in borderline patients may be useful to inform treatment choices. [source] A Preliminary Investigation into the Utility of the Adult Behavior Checklist in the Assessment of Psychopathology in People with Low IQJOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 5 2007Nienke H. Tenneij Background, Achenbach & Rescorla (2003) recently developed the Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL) to assess psychopathology in the general population. The ABCL should be completed by a proxy informant. The use of proxy informants, instead of self-reporting, makes the ABCL potentially suitable for the assessment of psychopathology in adults with intellectual disability. The aim of the present study was to examine reliability and validity of the ABCL in 124 adults with mild intellectual disability or low IQ, and severe challenging behaviour referred for residential treatment. Methods, The ABCL was completed by two independent informants to assess inter-rater reliability. To examine the validity of the ABCL, its relationship with three measures of functioning was assessed. Furthermore, association between scales of the ABCL and DSM-IV axis I disorders was examined. Results, The ABCL was reliable in terms of internal consistency of its scales, and inter-rater reliability. Relationships between clusters of axis I DSM-IV disorders and scales of the ABCL were found as expected. Moreover, ABCL scales predicted different measures of functioning. Conclusions, The ABCL appears to be a reliable and valid measure to assess psychopathology in persons with mild intellectual disabilities or low IQ, admitted for treatment in facilities for adults with mild intellectual disability and severe challenging behaviour. [source] | ||||||||||