			Home About us Contact

Crestal Bone Loss (crestal + bone_loss)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Immediate occlusal loading of Osseotite implants in the lower edentulous jaw

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 3 2004
A multicenter prospective study
Abstract Objective: This paper reports the results of a prospective multicenter clinical study on immediately fully occlusally loaded full-arch screw-retained prostheses with distal extensions (hybrid prostheses) supported by Osseotite implants inserted in edentulous lower jaws. Method and material: Sixty-two patients were enrolled in four clinical centers. Three hundred and twenty-five Osseotite implants were inserted and occlusally loaded according to an immediate loading protocol. The temporary prosthesis was delivered 4 h from surgery. The final prosthesis was delivered after 6 months. Marginal bone loss was monitored from periapical radiographs using a computerized technique. Results: Two implants failed to integrate within 2 months of occlusal loading. A cumulative implant success rate of 99.4% was achieved for a period of 12,60 months postplacement (mean 28.6±14.1 (SD) months). Crestal bone loss around the immediately loaded implants was similar to that reported for standard delayed loading protocols. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible by an immediate occlusally loaded hybrid prosthesis supported by five to six Osseotite implants represents a viable alternative treatment to classic delayed loading protocols. Résumé Cette étude rapporte les résultats d'une étude clinique multicentrique prospective sur la charge occlusale complète immédiate de l'ensemble de la mâchoire sur des prothèses retenues par des implants-vis avec une extension distale supportée par des implants Osséotite insérés dans la mandibule de patients édentés. Soixante-deux patients ont été inclus dans quatre centres cliniques et 325 implants Osséotite ont été insérés et mis en charge occlusale suivant le protocole de charge immédiate. La prothèse temporaire était placée quatre heures après la chirurgie. La prothèse finale était placée après six mois. La perte osseuse marginale était enregistrée à partir de radiographies périapicales via l'utilisation d'une technique informatisée. Deux implants ne se sont pas intégrés dans les deux mois de la mise en charge occlusale. Un taux de succès cumulatif des implants de 99,4% a été atteint pendant une période de douze à soixante mois après le placement (moyenne 28±14,1 mois). La perte osseuse crestale autour des implants mis en charge immédiatement était semblable à celle rapportée pour les protocoles de mise en charge retardée. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que la réhabilitation de la mandibule chez l'édenté par des prothèses placées sur des implants immédiatement mis en charge placées sur cinq ou six implants Osséotite représente un traitement alternatif au protocole classique avec une mise en charge retardée. Zusammenfassung Ziele: Diese Arbeit präsentiert die Daten einer longitudinalen klinischen Multizenterstudie über sofort mit Kaukräften belastete und verschraubte Totalprothesen mit distalen Extensionen (Hybridprothesen). Als Verankerung dienten Osseotiteimplantate in einem zahnlosen Unterkiefer. Methode und Material: Für diese Studie behandelte man in vier klinischen Zentren 62 Patienten. Gemäss einem vorgegebenen Protokoll setzte man 325 Osseotite-Implantate und belastete sie sofort mit Kaukräften. Die provisorischen Prothesen konnten vier Stunden nach der Chirurgie eingegliedert werden. Die definitiven Hybridprothesen setzte man sechs Monate später ein. Den marginalen Knochenverlust beurteilte man mit periapicalen Röntgenbildern, die komputerunterstützt vermessen wurden. Resultate: Bei zwei Implantaten kam es in den ersten zwei Monaten der okklusalen Sofortbelastung zu Misserfolgen. Daraus errechnete sich zwischen dem zwölften und 60. Monat nach Implantation eine kumulative Erfolgsrate aller Implantate von 99.4% (Mittelwert/SD 28.6±14.1 Monate). Der crestale Knochenverlust um die sofortbelastete Implantate war ähnlich wie in anderen Arbeiten mit standartmässig verzögert belasteten Implantaten. Schlussfolgerung: Die Resultate dieser Arbeit lassen vermuten, dass die Rekonstruktion eines zahnlosen Unterkiefers mit okklusal sofortbelasteten Hybridprothesen, abgestützt auf 5 bis 6 Osseotite-Implantaten, eine brauchbare Alternative zu den klassischen Protokollen mit einer verzögerten Belastung darstellt. Resumen Intención: Este trabajo informa sobre los resultados de un estudio prospectivo multicéntrico de prótesis de arco completo implantorretenidas inmediatamente cargadas con extensiones distales (prótesis híbridas) soportadas por implantes Osseotite insertados en mandíbulas edéntulas. Método y Material: Se enroló a 62 pacientes en cuatro centros clínicos. Se insertaron 325 implantes Osseotite y se cargaron oclusalmente de acuerdo con un protocolo de carga inmediata. La prótesis temporal se suministró a las cuatro horas de la cirugía. La prótesis definitiva se suministró a los seis meses. La pérdida de hueso marginal se monitorizó de radiografías periapicales usando una técnica computarizada. Resultados: Dos implantes fracasaron al integrarse dentro de los dos meses de carga oclusal. Se logró un índice de éxito acumulado de implantes del 99.4% durante un periodo de 12 a 60 meses tras el tratamiento (media 28.6±14.1 (SD) meses). La pérdida de hueso crestal alrededor implantes cargados inmediatamente fue similar a aquellos informados para protocolos de carga diferida estándar. Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la rehabilitación de la mandíbula edéntula por medio de una prótesis híbrida de carga oclusal inmediata soportada por 5,6 implantes Osseotite representa una alternativa viable de tratamiento frente a los protocolos clásicos de carga diferida. [source]

Aging stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in human periodontal ligament cells after the application of compressive force

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2007
Kotoe Mayahara
Background and Objectives:, Some clinical studies show that alveolar crestal bone loss is higher in adults than in young patients during orthodontic treatment, but the causes of such a phenomenon have not been elucidated. It is known that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a proinflammatory agent and one of the potent osteoclast-inducing factors, and is produced by human periodontal ligament cells in response to orthodontic force. The aim of this study was to investigate age-related change in the biosynthetic capacity of PGE2 and its regulatory gene, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) from periodontal ligament cells in response to mechanical stress. Methods:, Compressive force of 2 g/cm2 was applied for 3,48 h to periodontal ligament cells obtained from human donors aged 9,50 years, and COX-2 mRNA expression in and PGE2 production by the periodontal ligament cells in response to the compressive force were examined. Results:, Application of a compressive force of 2 g/cm2 for 3,48 h significantly stimulated these factors in both time- and age-dependent manners. Furthermore, these increases were dramatically larger in periodontal ligament cells obtained from donors over the age of 35. Conclusions:, Periodontal ligament cells obtained from old donors have significantly greater COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in response to compressive force than those from younger donors. The turning point of aging, where significantly larger amounts of theses factors begin production, appears to be around the age of 35. These results may be positively related to the acceleration of alveolar crestal bone loss during orthodontic treatment in adult patients. [source]

Minimally Invasive Flapless Implant Surgery: A Prospective Multicenter Study

CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 2005
ODhc, William Becker DDS
ABSTRACT Background: Placement of implants with a minimally invasive flapless approach has the potential to minimize crestal bone loss, soft tissue inflammation, and probing depth adjacent to implants and to minimize surgical time. Purpose: The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate implant placement using a minimally invasive one-stage flapless technique up to 2 years. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients ranging in age from 24 to 86 years were recruited from three clinical centers (Tucson, AZ, USA; Tel Aviv, Israel; Göteborg, Sweden). Seventy-nine implants were placed. A small, sharp-tipped guiding drill was used to create a precise, minimally invasive initial penetration through the mucosa and into bone (Nobel Biocare, Yorba, Linda, CA, USA). Implants were placed according to the manufacturer's instructions, with minimal countersinking. The parameters evaluated were total surgical time, implant survival, bone quality and quantity, implant position by tooth type, depth from mucosal margin to bone crest, implant length, probing depth, inflammation, and crestal bone changes. At 2 years, for 79 implants placed in 57 patients, the cumulative success rate using a minimally invasive flapless method was 98.7%, indicating the loss of 1 implant. Changes in crestal bone for 77 baseline and follow-up measurements were insignificant (radiograph 1: mean 0.7 mm, SD 0.5 mm, range 2.8 mm, minimum 0.2 mm, maximum 3.0 mm; radiograph 2: mean 0.8 mm, SD 0.5 mm, range 3.4 mm, minimum 0.12 mm, maximum 3.5 mm). Using descriptive statistics for 78 patients (one implant lost), mean changes for probing depth and inflammation were clinically insignificant. The average time for implant placement was 28 minutes (minimum 10 minutes, maximum 60 minutes, SD 13.1 minutes). Average depth from mucosal margin to bone was 3.3 mm (SD 0.7 mm, minimum 2 mm, maximum 5 mm, range 3 mm). Thirty-two implants were placed in maxillae and 47 in mandibles. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that following diagnostic treatment planning criteria, flapless surgery using a minimally invasive technique is a predictable procedure. The benefits of this procedure are lessened surgical time; minimal changes in crestal bone levels, probing depth, and inflammation; perceived minimized bleeding; and lessened postoperative discomfort. [source]

Radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels adjacent to parallel-screw cylinder machined-neck implants and rough-surfaced microthreaded implants using digitized panoramic radiographs

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2009
Hans-Joachim Nickenig
Abstract Objective: The purpose of this split-mouth study was to compare macro- and microstructure implant surfaces at the marginal bone level during a stress-free healing period and under functional loading. Material and methods: From January to February 2006, 133 implants (70 rough-surfaced microthreaded implants and 63 machined-neck implants) were inserted in the mandible of 34 patients with Kennedy Class I residual dentitions and followed until February 2008. The marginal bone level was radiographically determined, using digitized panoramic radiographs, at four time points: at implant placement (baseline level), after the healing period, after 6 months of functional loading, and at the end of follow-up. Results: The median follow-up time was 1.9 (range: 1.9,2.1) years. The machined-neck group had a mean crestal bone loss of 0.5 mm (range: 0,2.3) after the healing period, 0.8 mm after 6 months (range: 0,2.4), and 1.1 mm (range: 0,3) at the end of follow-up. The rough-surfaced microthreaded implant group had a mean bone loss of 0.1 mm (range: ,0.4,2) after the healing period, 0.4 mm (range: 0,2.1) after 6 months, and 0.5 mm (range: 0,2.1) at the end of follow-up. The two implant types showed significant differences in marginal bone levels (healing period: P=0.01; end of follow-up: P<0.01). Conclusions: Radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels adjacent to machined-neck or rough-surfaced microthreaded implants showed that implants with the microthreaded design caused minimal changes in crestal bone levels during healing (stress-free) and under functional loading. [source]

Osteotome sinus floor elevation without grafting material: a 1-year prospective pilot study with ITI implants

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2006
Rabah Nedir
Abstract Objective: The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate: (1) the predictability of an osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure with ITI-SLA implants without placing a bone grafting material, and (2) the possibility to gain bone height without filling the created space with a bone grafting material. Material and methods: Seventeen patients received 25 implants protruding in the sinus. Most implants (21/25) were 10 mm long, eight were inserted in type 2 bone, 12 in type 3 and five in type 4 bone. At implant placement, the mean residual bone height (RBH) under the maxillary sinus was 5.4±2.3 mm; it was 5.7±2.6 mm on the mesial side and 5.1±1.9 mm on the distal side. Nineteen implants had less than 6 mm of bone on at least one side and six implants had less than 6 mm on both sides. A healing period of 3,4 months was allowed before abutment tightening at 35 Ncm. The percentage of stable implants at abutment tightening and at the 1-year control was calculated. The endo-sinus bone gain and the crestal bone loss (CBL) at the mesial and distal sides were measured. Results: Abutments were tightened after 3.1±0.4 months. All implants but one (96%) resisted the applied 35 Ncm torque. At the 1-year control, all implants were clinically stable and supported the definitive prosthesis. All showed endo-sinus bone gain; the mean gain was 2.5±1.2 mm. The mean CBL was 1.2±0.7 mm. Endo-sinus bone gain and RBH showed a strong negative correlation (r=,0.78 on the mesial side and ,0.80 on the distal side). A good correlation (r=0.73) was found between implant penetration in the sinus and endo-sinus bone gain. Conclusion: Elevation of the sinus membrane alone without addition of bone grafting material can lead to bone formation beyond the original limits of the sinus floor. Despite a limited RBH at implant placement, a healing period of 3 months was sufficient to resist a torque of 35 N cm and to lead to a predictable implant function at the 1-year control. [source]

Simultaneous or staged installation with guided bone augmentation of transmucosal titanium implants

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2003
A 3-year prospective cohort study
Abstract: A prospective cohort study of 45 nonsmoking consecutively admitted patients was studied for the treatment outcomes following jaw bone augmentation in conjunction with installment of oral implants. Twenty-eight patients were treated for both bone augmentation and implant treatment simultaneously, while 17 patients were treated with a staged approach with the bone augmentation being performed 6,8 months prior to implant installation. Three months following this, prosthetic reconstructions were incorporated. One year thereafter, baseline data and 3 years after reconstruction, follow-up data were obtained. Moderately low mean scores for the bleeding on probing percentage were found at baseline (24%) and after 3 years of function (17%), while the corresponding values at the implant sites were 40.6% and 52.4%, respectively. However, the modified gingival index (mGI)=2 was found in only 4.8%, and 6.9% at the baseline and 3-year examinations. Peri-implant Probing depth (PPD) and level of attachment mean values did not vary between baseline and follow-up examinations. Only a small proportion of 1.8% yielded PPD=6.0 mm after 3 years of function. Radiographic bone level measurements showed that 18.2% of the implants lost 0.5 mm during the observation period. Seventy percent of the sites were considered completely stable. It was concluded that predictable treatment outcomes resulted for oral implant installation combined with or staged after jawbone augmentation. Only 6.5% of the sites had lost 1.5% crestal bone with the staged approach while 14% of the sites had lost 1.5 mm, when the implants were placed simultaneously. This suggests that the staged approach may have a lower risk for greater amounts of crestal bone loss as the simultaneous approach. In general, crestal bone loss encountered in the present study corresponded very well with that reported following placement of the same implant system into nonaugmented bone. Résumé Une étude prospective chez 45 non-fumeurs a été menée pour étudier le traitement suivant l'épaississement de l'os de la mâchoire en association avec le placement d'implants buccaux. Vingt-huit patients ont été traités pour un épaississement osseux et un traitement implantaire simultané tandis que 17 patients ont été traités par une approche de l'épaississement osseux effectuée six à huit mois avant le placement des implants. Trois mois après, les reconstructions prothétiques ont été placées. Une année plus tard les données de l'examen initial, et trois années après la reconstruction les données du suivi, ont été obtenues. Un pourcentage de BOP moyen modérément bas a été constaté lors de l'examen de départ (24%) et après trois années de mise en fonction (17%), tandis que les valeurs correspondantes au niveau des implants étaient respectivement de 41 et 52 %. Cependant, le mGI=2 était constaté seulement dans 5% et 7% lors des examens de départ et après trois ans. Les valeurs moyennes PPD et LA ne variaient pas entre l'examen de départ et les suivis. Seul une petite proportion de 2% avaient un PPD de 6,0 mm après trois années de mise en fonction. Les mesures du niveau osseux radiographique ont montré que 18% des implants perdaient 0,5 mm durant la période d'observation. Septante pour cent des sites étaient considérés complètement stables. Un traitement prévisible se produisait donc pour les implants osseux qu'ils aient été installés en une ou deux étapes. Seul 6,5% des sites avaient perdu 1,5% d'os crestal avec l'approche chirurgicale en une étape tandis que 14% des sites avaient perdu 1,5 mm lorsque les implants étaient placés en même temps que l'épaississement. L'approche en deux étapes pourrait s'accompagner d'un risque inférieur de perte osseuse importante au niveau crestal comparée à l'approche en une étape. En général, la perte osseuse crestale rencontrée dans l'étude présente correspondait très bien avec celle rapportée suivant le placement du même système d'implants dans l'os non-épaissi. Zusammenfassung In dieser prospektiven Kohortenstudie an 45 nichtrauchenden Patienten wurden die Behandlungsresultate nach Kieferkammaugmentation in Zusammenhang mit der Platzierung von oralen Implantaten untersucht. Bei 28 Patienten wurde die Knochenaugmentation und die Implantation in einem Eingriff durchgeführt, während bei 17 Patienten ein gestaffeltes Verfahren angewendet wurde, bei welchem die Knochenaugmentation 6,8 Monate vor der Implantatplatzierung stattfand. Drei Monate nach Implantation wurden die prothetischen Rekonstruktionen eingesetzt. Ein Jahr später wurden die Daten für die Ausgangsuntersuchung erhoben und drei Jahre nach Rekonstruktion wurden die Daten für die Nachuntersuchung aufgenommen. Bei der Ausgangsuntersuchung (24%) und nach drei Jahren in Funktion (17%) wurden relativ tiefe mittlere BOP % Werte gefunden, während die entsprechenden Werte bei den Implantatstellen 40.6% bzw. 52.4% betrugen. Jedoch wurde ein mGI=2 nur bei 4.8% anlässlich der Ausgangsuntersuchung und bei 6.9% bei der Nachuntersuchung gefunden. Die mittleren PPD und LA Werte variierten nicht zwischen der Ausgangs- und Nachuntersuchung. Nur ein kleiner Anteil von 1.8% zeigte eine PPD=6 mm nach drei Jahren in Funktion. Die Messung des radiologischen Knochenniveaus ergab, dass 18.2% der Implantate während der Beobachtungszeit einen Knochenverlust von 0.5 mm zeigten. 70% der Stellen wurde als komplett stabil angesehen. Es wurde die Schlussfolgerung gezogen, dass für die Eingliederung von oralen Implantaten zusammen mit Knochenaugmentation oder in einem gestaffelten Verfahren zu voraussagbaren Behandlungsresultaten führt. Nur 6.5% der Stellen im gestaffelten Vorgehen zeigten einen Knochenverlust von 1.5 mm während bei den gleichzeitig gesetzten Implantaten bei 14% der Stellen ein Knochenverlust von 1.5 mm auftrat. Dies lässt vermuten, dass das gestaffelte Vorgehen ein kleineres Risiko für grössere Knochenverluste haben könnte als das gleichzeitige Vorgehen. Generell betrachtet korrespondierte der in der vorliegenden Studie gesehene Knochenverlust sehr gut mit den Werten, die für das gleiche Implantatsystem nach dem Setzten in nichtaugmentierten Knochen berichtet werden. Resumen Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en serie sobre 45 pacientes no fumadores admitidos consecutivamente acerca de los resultados del tratamiento tras el aumento del hueso mandibular en conjunción con la instalación de implantes orales. Se trataron 28 pacientes para aumento del hueso y tratamiento de implantes simultáneamente mientras que 17 pacientes se trataron con un enfoque por fases con el aumento óseo realizado 6,8 meses antes de la instalación del implante. A los tres meses de esto, se incorporaron las reconstrucciones protésicas. Un año después, se obtuvieron datos de seguimiento, momento inicial y tres años tras la reconstrucción. Se encontró un % de BOP medio moderadamente bajo al inicio (24%) y tras tres años en función (17%), mientras que los valores correspondientes para los lugares de implante fueron 40.6% y 52.4%, respectivamente. De todos modos, el mGI=2 se encontró en solo 4.8%, y 6.9% al inicio y en el examen de los tres años. Los valores medios de PPD y LA no variaron entre el inicio y los exámenes de seguimiento. Solo una pequeña proporción del 1.8% produjo un PPD=6.0 mm tras tres años en función. Las mediciones del nivel radiográfico del hueso mostraron que el 18.2% de los implantes perdieron 0.5 mm durante el periodo de observación. El 70% de los lugares se consideraron completamente estables. Se concluyó que se obtuvieron unos resultados predecibles para instalación de implantes orales combinados con o en fases tras el aumento del hueso mandibular. Solo el 6.5% de los lugares perdió el 1.5% del hueso crestal con el enfoque por fases mientras que el 14% de los lugares perdieron 1.5 mm cuando los implantes se colocaron simultáneamente. Esto sugiere que el enfoque por fases puede tener un menor riesgo para mayores cantidades de perdida de hueso crestal que el enfoque simultaneo. En general, la perdida de hueso crestal encontrada en el presente estudio correspondió con muy buen con aquella informada tras la colocación del mismo sistema de implantes en hueso no aumentado. [source]