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Crushing Strength (crushing + strength)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Chemistry100%

Selected Abstracts

An investigation into the swelling properties, dimensional changes, and gel layer evolution in chitosan tablets undergoing hydration

ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY, Issue 1 2009
Manuel Efentakis
Abstract The purpose of this research is to determine several characteristics of chitosan lactate in tablet form such as dimensional changes, gel evolution, swelling (liquid uptake), and erosion using an image analysis method. The examination of these characteristics will be helpful in the design of oral drug delivery systems with this polymer. It has been demonstrated that image analysis is a valuable technique, allowing the study of quantitative measurements of dimensional and core changes and gel evolution. The dimensional expansion changes of the chitosan lactate tablets were greater in water, and the crushing strength and the stirring effect affected these attributes to a limited extent. The fastest and greatest liquid uptake was observed in water, whereas the greatest erosion was observed in HCl. The thickness of the gel layer increased considerably with time up to the eighth hour, indicating the formation and development of a thick and durable gel, particularly in water. This is an essential characteristic for potential sustained drug release delivery. Consequently, this polymer appears to be a versatile material and a promising vehicle for the preparation of various oral sustained release medications and relevant devices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 28:32,39, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20147 [source]

A near-infrared spectroscopic investigation of relative density and crushing strength in four-component compacts

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, Issue 3 2009
Steven M. Short
Abstract Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is commonly employed for the analysis of chemical and physical attributes of intact pharmaceutical compacts. Specifically, NIRS has proven useful in the nondestructive measurement of tablet hardness or crushing strength. Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance and transmittance spectra were acquired for 174 13-mm compacts, which were produced according to a four-constituent mixture design (29 points) composed of anhydrous theophylline, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, and soluble starch. Six compacts were produced for each design point by compacting at multiple pressures. Physical testing and regression analyses were used to model the effect of variation in relative density (and crushing strength) on NIR spectra. Chemometric analyses demonstrated that the overall spectral variance was strongly influenced by anhydrous theophylline as a result of the experimental design and the component's spectroscopic signature. The calibration for crushing strength was more linear than the relative density model, although accuracy was poorer in comparison to the density model due to imprecision of the reference measurements. Based on the consideration of reflectance and transmittance measurements, a revised rationalization for NIR sensitivity to compact hardness is presented. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 98:1095,1109, 2009 [source]

Quality by design, part I: Application of NIR spectroscopy to monitor tablet manufacturing process

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, Issue 9 2008
Simin Hassannejad Tabasi
Abstract To monitor tableting production using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, chemometric models were developed to analyze peak compression force, crushing strength and content uniformity. To measure tablet content uniformity, orbifloxacin tablets with drug content ranging from 60 to 90 mg were made and analyzed using ultraviolet (UV) and NIR spectroscopy. To assess the compression force and crushing strength, several batches of tablets were made on a Stokes B2 rotary tablet press and compression force was varied from 360 to 3500 lb. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify tablets with regular and capped tablets breakage patterns. Comparison of statistical parameters showed that partial least squares (PLS) models gave better fit than the multiple linear regression (MLR) models. The best fit PLS models had a standard error of calibration (SEC) and a standard error of prediction (SEP) for content uniformity of 1.13 and 1.36 mg; for compression force of 69.86 and 59.48 lb and for crushing strength 0.55 kP and 0.57 kP, respectively. NIR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate modeling is a rapid and nondestructive technique that could reliably predict content uniformity, compression force and crushing strength for orbifloxacin tablets. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 97:4040,4051, 2008 [source]