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Crossing
Kinds of Crossing Terms modified by Crossing Selected AbstractsWorkers in the New Economy: Transformation as Border CrossingETHOS, Issue 1 2006Valerie Walkerdine In this article, I seek to make an intervention in debates between psycho-logical and postmodern anthropology by engaging with the theme of border crossing. I argue that the theme of the border is one that fundamentally instantiates a separation between interior and exterior with respect to subjectivity, itself a funda-mental transformation and a painful and difficult border. This is related to a Cartesian distinction critiqued in this article. How the distinction between interior and exterior may be transcended is discussed in relation to examples of transformation from the crossing of class borders to the production and regulation of workers in a globalized and neoliberal economy. I begin with reference to postwar transformations of class with its anxious borders and go on to think about changes in the labor market and how these demand huge transformations that tear apart communities, destroy work-places, and sunder the sense of safety and stability that those gave. Advanced liberalism or neoliberalism brings with it a speeding up of the transformations of liberalism in which subjects are constantly invoked as self-contained, with a trans-portable self that must be produced through the developmental processes of personality and rationality. This self must be carried like a snail carries a shell. It must be coherent yet mutable, fixed yet multiple and flexible. But this view of the subject covers over the many connections that make subjectivity possible. I conclude by ask-ing what it would mean to rethink this issue of the production of safe spaces beyond an essentialist psychological conception of only one mother child space, separated from the social world, as having the power to produce feelings of safety? I end the article with an argument for a relational approach to subjectivity and sociality. [subjectivity, relationality, neoliberalism, workers, class] [source] CLIMATE OSCILLATIONS AS RECORDED IN SVALBARD ICE CORE ,18O RECORDS BETWEEN AD 1200 AND 1997GEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES A: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Issue 1 2005ELISABETH ISAKSSON ABSTRACT. We apply two different time series analytical tools to ,18O records from two Svalbard ice cores. One ice core is from Lomonosovfonna at 1250 ma.s.l. and the other from Austfonna at 750 m a.s.l. These cores are estimated to cover at least the past 800 years and have been dated using a combination of known reference horizons and glacial modelling. Wavelet analysis reveals low frequency oscillations on the 60,120,year scale on the lower elevation site Austfonna while the higher altitude site on Lomonosovfonna does not reveal such variability throughout the record. The second method, Significant Zero Crossing of Derivates (SiZer) does not resolve the low-frequency periodicity seen in the wavelet analysis. The low-frequency variability resolved by the wavelet analysis is similar to what has been found in various climate records including instrumental temperatures and tree-rings, and has been proposed as the most important oscillation for the observed trends in Arctic air temperatures. [source] On the Morality of Not Crossing Picket LinesHYPATIA, Issue 4 2005PHIL GASPER No abstract is available for this article. [source] Risks and Opportunities of Crossing the Academy/Policy DivideINTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 1 2008J. Ann Tickner First page of article [source] Synchronous Ventricular Pacing without Crossing the Tricuspid Valve or Entering the Coronary Sinus,Preliminary ResultsJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 12 2009BENHUR D. HENZ M.D. Background: Right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing promotes tricuspid regurgitation (TR), electromechanical dyssynchrony, and ventricular dysfunction. We tested a novel intramyocardial bipolar lead to assess whether stimulation of the atrioventricular septum (AVS) produces synchronous ventricular activation without crossing the tricuspid valve (TV). Methods: A lead with an active external helix and central pin was placed on the AVS and the RVA in three dogs. High-density electroanatomic (EA) mapping was performed of both ventricles endocardially and epicardially. Intracardiac echocardiography was used to access ventricular synchrony. Results: The lead was successfully deployed into the AVS in all cases with consistent capture of the ventricular myocardium without atrial capture or sensing. The QRS duration was less with AVS compared with RVA pacing (89 ± 4 ms vs. 100 ± 11 ms [P < 0.0001, GEE P = 0.03]). There was decreased delay between color Doppler M-mode visualized peak contraction of the septum and the mid left ventricular free wall with AVS compared with RVA pacing (89 ± 91 ms vs. 250 ± 11 ms [P < 0.0001, GEE P = 0.006]). Activation time between the mid septum and mid free wall was shorter with AVS versus RVA pacing (20.4 ± 7.7 vs. 30.8 ± 11.6 [P = 0.01, GEE P = 0.07]). The interval between QRS onset to earliest free wall activation was shorter with AVS vs. RVA pacing (19.2 ± 6.4 ms vs. 31.1 ± 11.7 ms [P = 0.005, GEE P = 0.02]). Conclusion: The AVS was successfully paced in three dogs resulting in synchronous ventricular activation without crossing the TV. [source] The effect of crossing legs on blood pressure in hypertensive patientsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 9-10 2010Rukiye Pinar Aims., The aim of this study was to examine whether there is any difference between BP readings with patients crossing a leg at the knee level and uncrossing during BP measurement. Background., It is clear that numerous factors influence an individual's blood pressure (BP) measurement. However, guidelines for accurately measuring BP inconsistently specify that the patient should keep feet flat on the floor. Design., Repeated measures. Method., Using a mercury-filled column sphygmomanometer, BP was measured at uncrossed leg position, crossed leg position and again at uncrossed leg position in 283 unmedicated or medicated patients. Three experienced nurses specially trained for the study performed BP measurements. Results., The results indicated that BP increased significantly with the crossed leg position. Systolic and diastolic BP significantly increased approximately 10 and 8 mmHg, respectively. Conclusion., Crossing the leg at knee results in a significant increase in BP. Relevance to clinical practice., Leg position during measurement of BP should be standardised and mentioned in publications. [source] Crossing, Creolization, and the African Roots of American CultureAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2006HARRIET JOSEPH OTTENHEIMER Group Harmony: The Black Urban Roots of Rhythm and Blues. Stuart L. Goosman. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. 291 pp. Right to Rock: The Black Rock Coalition and the Cultural Politics of Race. Maureen Mahon. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004. 317 pp. Crossovers: Essays on Race, Music, and American Culture. John Szwed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. 283 pp. [source] Allosyndetic recombinants of the Aegilops peregrina- derived Lr59 translocation in common wheatPLANT BREEDING, Issue 4 2010G. F. Marais With 2 figures and 2 tables Abstract The wild relatives constitute a valuable source of rust resistance genes that can be utilized in wheat breeding. However, translocation of desirable genes through chromosome engineering inevitably results in co-transfer of deleterious wild species chromatin. An attempt was made to replace such redundant alien chromatin on the Lr59 translocation through homoeologous chromosome pairing and crossing over in the absence of Ph1. Strong segregation distortion resulted in the recovery of an unexpectedly high frequency of resistant recombinants. Eight of these retained comparatively short, distal segments of foreign chromatin, including Lr59. The foreign chromatin that remained in the latter plants was characterized with the use of twelve anonymous AFLP loci, the data of which suggested reduced homoeology with 1AL that could have been the result of a sub-terminal, paracentric inversion. Crossing over within an inversion loop may have resulted in a low frequency of genetically unbalanced gametes. It will therefore be necessary to develop near-isogenic lines of the eight recombinants and to do field evaluations in order to identify those that retained the shortest, balanced translocations. [source] Plastification and Damage in Wheel-Rail Rolling Contact , Case Study on a CrossingPROCEEDINGS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS & MECHANICS, Issue 1 2005Martina Wiest A fully three-dimensional, dynamic model for a wheel running over a crossing is developed using an explicit finite element program. The full mass of the wheel and the crossing and elastic-plastic material behaviour are considered. The damage in the contact area is investigated with a very dense mesh taken from the dynamic model using a submodelling technique. With this kind of calculations the stresses and strains produced in the wheel and the crossing during the cross-over process can be determined, as well as the respective reaction forces in the bedding and the axle. Calculations for different crossing-geometries are performed. Finally a damage indicator is introduced to identify the probable location of crack initiation. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Acting for Real: Performing Characters in Miller's Crossing and FargoTHE JOURNAL OF POPULAR CULTURE, Issue 2 2008PAUL COUGHLIN First page of article [source] Crossing, not creating, boundariesTHE JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, Issue 4 2007Paul Hansen [source] Roost preferences and foraging ranges of the eastern forest bat Vespadelus pumilus under two disturbance histories in northern New South Wales., AustraliaAUSTRAL ECOLOGY, Issue 4 2000BRADLEY S. LAW Abstract Little is known about the habitat requirements of Australian bats; however, this information is needed to make better-informed decisions when systems are disturbed. This study contrasts the roosting and foraging ecology of the eastern forest bat Vespadelus pumilus (Vespertilionidae), one of Australia's smallest bats, between two sites of differing disturbance history on the mid-north coast of New South Wales. Lome Flora Reserve (182 ha) is primarily old-growth forest surrounded by regrowth forest and eucalypt plantations, while Swans Crossing is dominated by regrowth and eucalypt plantations established on part of an old dairy farm. A total of 38 bats were tracked during the maternity and mating seasons at the two sites. Roost preferences were determined by comparing trees used as roosts with those randomly available, while foraging bats were triangulated from fixed stations at night. Bats tracked at Lome Flora Reserve typically roosted in hollows within large, mature trees and showed a strong preference for roosting and foraging (females only) within the Reserve. Lactating females at Swans Crossing roosted in hollows of remnant rainforest trees within a gully and dead eucalypts, while males often roosted in understorey trees (such as Acacia). Dead trees were frequently used as roosts at both sites. Under both disturbance histories, the mean distance of female maternity roosts from creeks was 20m, indicating that riparian zones provide important roosting habitat for V. pumilus. However, roosts shifted to the mid-slope prior to winter when bats mate. Retention of mature trees in a variety of topographic locations may allow behavioural adjustments with the seasons. Bats caught in the regrowth forest also foraged there, with foraging ranges averaging just 5.3 ha (n = 10), indicating that regrowth is used by this bat for both foraging and roosting. [source] From the mountains to the sea: assemblage structure and dynamics in Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) in the Clyde River estuarine gradient, New South Wales, south-eastern AustraliaAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 3 2007Sophia Dimitriadis Abstract, Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera: non-biting midges) were surveyed at five shallow riffle stations along the estuarine gradient of the Clyde River, southern New South Wales (35°45,S, 150°15,E). Benthic populations were sampled seasonally between April 2001 and January 2002, between an uppermost fully fresh station and 7 km south of the tidal limit at Shallow Crossing, encompassing a 23 km stretch. Biological structure and integrity of chironomid assemblages, which are essentially unknown in eastern Australia's estuarine environments, were elucidated. Assemblages were diverse: from 5732 chironomid larvae, 45 species belonging to four subfamilies were identified from riffles. All chironomid assemblages were strongly structured and non-random with respect to spatial position along the salinity gradient although relatively random with respect to temporal shifts between the five seasonal samples. Generally, the salinity gradient had strong effects on assemblage composition but no discrete brackish fauna was identifiable, and the abundance of many species declined gradually with distance from the freshest station. Dominant taxa in the brackish zone were Parakiefferiella,variegatus' and two species of Cladotanytarsus. Notably, the little-known Semiocladius crassipennis Skuse (Orthocladiinae) was abundant at the most marine-influenced station. Taxa present exclusively in freshwaters included several Tanypodinae notably absent from sites below Shallow Crossing at salinities normally tolerated in athalassic waters. Other species restricted to freshwaters included Nanocladius sp., Demicryptochironomus (Irmakia) sp., Polypedilum vespertinus (Skuse), Zavrelliella fuscoguttata (Kieffer), Riethia stictoptera (Kieffer) and Podonomopsis sp. [source] Die Geschichte der San Francisco,Oakland Bay BridgeBAUTECHNIK, Issue 4 2004Johannes Springer Dipl.-Ing. Die Bay Bridge zwischen San Francisco und Oakland ist ein herausragendes Beispiel des amerikanischen Großbrückenbaus. Sie besteht aus einer Zwillingshängebrücke und einer Fachwerkauslegerbrücke, die durch einen Tunnel auf der Insel Yerba Buena verbunden sind. Dieser Artikel beschreibt den Weg von den ersten Vorstudien bis zur heutigen Zeit. Auf die Besonderheiten bei Konstruktion und Bau, z. B. die Stahlbauarbeiten sowie die Gründung des Ankerblocks, welcher die beiden Hängebrücken miteinander verbindet, wird ausführlich eingegangen. Der Beitrag beschreibt außerdem aktuelle Verstärkungsmaßnahmen sowie das geplante Ersatzbauwerk für den östlichen Fachwerkbrückenteil, der aus Gründen der Erdbebensicherheit z. Z. durch eine einhüftige, selbstverankerte Hängebrücke ersetzt wird. The history of the San Francisco,Oakland Bay Bridge. The San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge is an eminent example of american bridge engineering. It consists of a twin suspension bridge and a cantilever truss bridge which are connected by a tunnel through Yerba Buena Island. This article describes the way from the feasibility studies to the present time. In addition, it details some specific design and construction features, for example the steel construction work and the foundation of the central anchorage which connects the two suspension bridges. Recent reinforcement measures, and the plans for the replacement of the East Bay Crossing by a self-anchored single tower suspension bridge to improve earthquake safety, are also discussed. [source] A randomized comparison of the magnetic navigation system versus conventional percutaneous coronary intervention,CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 6 2008DPHIL, Steve Ramcharitar BMBCH Abstract Objective: A randomized comparison of the magnetic navigation system (MNS) to conventional guidewire techniques in percutaneous coronary interventions. Background: The MNS precisely directs a magnetized guidewire in vivo through two permanent external magnets. Methods: A total of 111 consecutive patients were enrolled. Crossing success, crossing-/fluoroscopy times, and contrast usage were directly compared. Lesions were classified according to the AHA/ACC criteria. Three tertiles of vessel/lesion complexity [low (<5), medium (6,10) and high (>10)] were defined using 3D reconstructions and angiographic information. Results: The crossing success for magnetic and the conventional wires were 93.3and 95.6%, respectively. Crossing and fluoroscopy times were longer with the magnetic wires (72.9 ± 50.3 sec vs. 58.1 ± 47.2 sec, P < 0.001 and 66.2 ± 44.1 sec vs. 55.2 ± 44.4 sec, P = 0.03, respectively). In vessels with low and medium complexity the magnetic wires had significantly longer times (P < 0.001) but for those with high scores (>10) a trend towards shorter times was observed. The MNS resulted in a small but significant reduction in contrast usage (2.3 ± 3.5 ml vs. 4.5 ± 4.4 ml, P < 0.001). Moreover by superimposing a virtual roadmap of the vessel on the live fluoroscopy image 48% of the lesions were crossed without requiring contrast agents with the MNS. Conclusion: The MNS has comparable crossing success to conventional PCI. It is relatively slower but there is a trend to support a potential advantage in more complex vessels. By simultaneously employing a virtual roadmap there is a small but significant reduction in contrast usage. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A randomised controlled study comparing conventional and magnetic guidewires in a two-dimensional branching tortuous phantom simulating angulated coronary vesselsCATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 5 2007DPHIL, Steve Ramcharitar MRCP Objectives: To directly compare the magnetic navigation system (MNS) guidewires with conventional guidewires in branching tortuous phantoms with operators of varying MNS and percutaneous coronary intervention experience. Background: Vessel tortuosity, angulation, and side branches remain limiting factors in coronary interventions. The MNS addresses these limitations by precisely directing the tip of a magnetised guidewire in vivo aided by two permanent adjustable external magnets. Methods: Crossing and fluoroscopy times of six operators were evaluated in five tortuous Perspex® phantom vessels in three consecutive attempts. Standard guidewire (SG) usage was unrestricted. Two 2nd generation magnetic guidewires (MG) were used. Failure was noted if the cross was unsuccessful within 5 min. Results: The magnetic navigation was vastly superior to SG techniques with increasingly tortuous phantoms. It dramatically decreased both the crossing and fluoroscopy times with maximal reduction from 201.7 ± 111 to 36.4 ± 13 sec, P < 0.001 and 204.7 ± 24 to 47.2 ± 19 sec, P < 0.001, respectively. The MNS had a 98.8% procedural success rate compared to 68% with SG techniques. Moreover it considerably limited the amount of wire usage from 5.5 to 1.3. Operators with prior MG experience performed significantly better than those without, except in the simplest phantom where the difference was nonsignificant (33.8 ± 13 sec vs. 41.7 ± 17 sec, P = 0.2). Conclusion: MNS significantly reduces both the crossing and fluoroscopy times in tortuous coronary phantom models achieving excellent success rates with dramatic reductions in guidewire usage. Operators with prior MNS experience had an advantage over the inexperienced. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Muon Implantation of Metallocenes: FerroceneCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 8 2007Upali Abstract Muon Spin Relaxation and Avoided Level Crossing (ALC) measurements of ferrocene are reported. The main features observed are five high field resonances in the ALC spectrum at about 3.26, 2.44, 2.04, 1.19 and 1.17,T, for the low-temperature phase at 18,K. The high-temperature phase at 295,K shows that only the last feature shifted down to about 0.49,T and a muon spin relaxation peak at about 0.106,T which approaches zero field when reaching the phase transition temperature of 164,K. A model involving three muoniated radicals, two with muonium addition to the cyclopentadienyl ring and the other to the metal atom, is postulated to rationalise these observations. A theoretical treatment involving spin-orbit coupling is found to be required to understand the Fe,Mu adduct, where an interesting interplay between the ferrocene ring dynamics and the spin-orbit coupling of the unpaired electron is shown to be important. The limiting temperature above which the full effect of spin-orbit interaction is observable in the ,SR spectra of ferrocene was estimated to be 584,K. Correlation time for the ring rotation dynamics of the Fe,Mu radical at this temperature is 3.2,ps. Estimated electron g values and the changes in zero-field splittings for this temperature range are also reported. [source] Transgenic expression of Cre recombinase from the tyrosine hydroxylase locusGENESIS: THE JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2004Jonas Lindeberg Abstract Catecholaminergic neurons are affected in several neurological and psychiatric diseases. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the first, rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis. We report a knockin mouse expressing Cre-recombinase from the 3,-untranslated region of the endogenous Th gene by means of an internal ribosomal entry sequence (IRES). The resulting Cre expression matches the normal pattern of TH expression, while the pattern and level of TH are not altered in the knockin mouse. Crossings with two different LacZ reporter mice demonstrated Cre-mediated genomic recombination in TH expressing tissues. In addition, LacZ was found in some unexpected cell populations (including oocytes), indicating recombination due to transient developmental TH expression. Our novel knockin mouse can be used for generation of tissue-specific or general knockouts (depending on scheme of crossing) in mice carrying genes flanked by loxP sites. This knockin mouse can also be used for tracing cell lineages expressing TH during development. genesis 40:67,73, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] How do Smuggling and Trafficking Operate via Irregular Border Crossings in the Middle East?INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 6 2002Evidence from Fieldwork in Turkey This article summarizes main trends, issues, actors, and activities regarding the operation and extension of human trafficking and smuggling via irregular border crossings in the Middle East. Its premise is that rather than the obvious involvement of hierarchical mafia-type organized crime groups, globally articulated networks of locally operating independent, individual groups comprise the essential foundation for human trafficking and smuggling in the region. The available empirical evidence first suggests that elaborating on various aspects of human trafficking and smuggling is a delicate task and any consideration of priorities for data collection and analysis on these activities must start with a clear idea of the information needed and how to obtain that information. Given the highly sensitive nature of trafficking and smuggling issues, there is no simple research practice that can satisfy all these concerns. It is within this context that our analysis here only offers some partial explanation of the complex nature of human trafficking and smuggling in the Middle East. The data used here provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first primary, reliable, and representative information on traffickers and smugglers as they come directly from the narratives of the traffickers and smugglers interviewed. [source] Mediterranean Crossings: The Politics of an Interrupted Modernity by Iain ChambersAMERICAN ETHNOLOGIST, Issue 1 2010ARMANDO SALVATORE No abstract is available for this article. [source] Aortic Valve Closure: Relation to Tissue Velocities by Doppler and Speckle Tracking in Patients with Infarction and at High Heart RatesECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2010Ph.D., Svein A. Aase M.Sc. Aim: To resolve the event in tissue Doppler (TDI)- and speckle tracking-based velocity/time curves that most accurately represent aortic valve closure (AVC) in infarcted ventricles and at high heart rates. Methods: We studied the timing of AVC in 13 patients with myocardial infarction and in 8 patients at peak dobutamine stress echo. An acquisition setup for recording alternating B-mode and TDI image frames was used to achieve the same frame rate in both cases (mean 136.7 frames per second [FPS] for infarcted ventricles, mean 136.9 FPS for high heart rates). The reference method was visual assessment of AVC in the high frame rate narrow sector B-mode images of the aortic valve. Results: The initial negative velocities after ejection in the velocity/time curves occurred before AVC, 44.9 ± 21.0 msec before the reference in the high heart rate material, and 25.2 ± 15.2 msec before the reference in the infarction material. Using this time point as a marker for AVC may cause inaccuracies when estimating end-systolic strain. A more accurate but still a practical marker for AVC was the time point of zero crossing after the initial negative velocities after ejection, 5.4 ± 15.3 msec before the reference in high heart rates and 8.2 ± 12.9 msec after the reference in the infarction material. Conclusion: The suggested marker of AVC at high heart rate and in infarcted ventricles was the time point of zero crossing after the initial negative velocities after ejection in velocity/time curves. (Echocardiography 2010;27:363-369) [source] On the Existence of Pure Strategy Monotone Equilibria in Asymmetric First-Price AuctionsECONOMETRICA, Issue 4 2004Philip J. Reny We establish the existence of pure strategy equilibria in monotone bidding functions in first-price auctions with asymmetric bidders, interdependent values, and affiliated one-dimensional signals. By extending a monotonicity result due to Milgrom and Weber (1982), we show that single crossing can fail only when ties occur at winning bids or when bids are individually irrational. We avoid these problems by considering limits of ever finer finite bid sets such that no two bidders have a common serious bid, and by recalling that single crossing is needed only at individually rational bids. Two examples suggest that our results cannot be extended to multidimensional signals or to second-price auctions. [source] Workers in the New Economy: Transformation as Border CrossingETHOS, Issue 1 2006Valerie Walkerdine In this article, I seek to make an intervention in debates between psycho-logical and postmodern anthropology by engaging with the theme of border crossing. I argue that the theme of the border is one that fundamentally instantiates a separation between interior and exterior with respect to subjectivity, itself a funda-mental transformation and a painful and difficult border. This is related to a Cartesian distinction critiqued in this article. How the distinction between interior and exterior may be transcended is discussed in relation to examples of transformation from the crossing of class borders to the production and regulation of workers in a globalized and neoliberal economy. I begin with reference to postwar transformations of class with its anxious borders and go on to think about changes in the labor market and how these demand huge transformations that tear apart communities, destroy work-places, and sunder the sense of safety and stability that those gave. Advanced liberalism or neoliberalism brings with it a speeding up of the transformations of liberalism in which subjects are constantly invoked as self-contained, with a trans-portable self that must be produced through the developmental processes of personality and rationality. This self must be carried like a snail carries a shell. It must be coherent yet mutable, fixed yet multiple and flexible. But this view of the subject covers over the many connections that make subjectivity possible. I conclude by ask-ing what it would mean to rethink this issue of the production of safe spaces beyond an essentialist psychological conception of only one mother child space, separated from the social world, as having the power to produce feelings of safety? I end the article with an argument for a relational approach to subjectivity and sociality. [subjectivity, relationality, neoliberalism, workers, class] [source] NMR Study of L-Shaped (Quinoxaline)platinum(II) Complexes , Crystal Structure of [Pt(DMeDPQ)(bipy)](PF6)2EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 23 2004Enrico Rotondo Abstract A 1H and 13C NMR study of nine PtII complexes of DMeDPQ [6,7-dimethyl-2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)quinoxaline] and BDPQ [2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)benzo[g]quinoxaline], and the crystal structure of one of them, are reported. The results are consistent with Cs symmetry of "L-shaped square-planar complexes". The rigid seven-membered chelated quinoxaline ligand holds the fused aromatic rings nearly perpendicular to the PtII coordination plane, generating the peculiar L-shaped structure. Ancillary ligands in the residual coordination sites are: a) bidentate flexible-planar 2,2,-bipyridine (bipy; complexes 1 and 2); b) bidentate rigid-planar dipyrido[3,2- a:2,3,- c]phenazine (dppz) or benzo[b]dipyrido[3,2- h:2,,3,- j]phenazine (bdppz; complexes 3,6); or c) 3-substituted monodentate pyridines (3-Rpy; complexes 7,9). The L-shaped geometry has been exploited to gain insight into the steric and dynamic features that regulate the noncovalent interactions of these square-planar complexes with DNA. We have shown previously, for [Pt(bipy)(n -Rpy)2]2+, that bipy twisting can be frozen out on the NMR timescale below 260 K. Preservation of the Cs symmetry at low temperature indicates a lack of bipy fluxionality within these L-shaped structures. The static butterfly-like symmetric orientation of the quinoxaline pyridyl rings accounts for the hampered twisting of Pt(bipy), which is otherwise assisted by the synchronous "windscreen wiper" conrotatory rocking of the ancillary pyridine rings. The L-geometry can also be used to monitor the ancillary n -Rpy rotation by NMR spectroscopy. The quasi-vertical quinoxaline pyridyl rings alignment leave room in the coordination plane for the crossing of the opposite pyridine rings, thereby reducing their rotational barriers about the Pt,N bond. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004) [source] The effect of arm crossing on persistence and performanceEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Ron Friedman Two experiments investigated the hypothesis that arm crossing serves as a proprioceptive cue for perseverance within achievement settings. Experiment 1 found that inducing participants to cross their arms led to greater persistence on an unsolvable anagram. Experiment 2 revealed that arm crossing led to better performance on solvable anagrams, and that this effect was mediated by greater persistence. No differences in comfort, instruction adherence, or mood were observed between the arms crossed and control conditions, and participants appeared to be unaware of the effect of arm crossing on their behavior. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the interplay between proprioceptive cues and contextual meaning. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION ADDRESSES THE NATIONAL PROBLEM OF YOUTH AT RISKFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2007Karen J. Mathis During the 2006,2007 American Bar Association (ABA) year, a special ABA Presidential Youth at Risk Initiative has addressed several important topics: addressing the needs of juvenile status offenders and their families; foster children aging out of the foster care system; increases in girls, especially girls of color, in the juvenile justice system; the need to better hear the voices of youth in court proceedings affecting them; and improving how laws can better address youth crossing over between juvenile justice and child welfare systems. Lawyers are encouraged to use their skills to improve the systems addressing at-risk youth and their families and to help facilitate coordination of youth-related community efforts. Learning how to effectively communicate with youth is an important skill attorneys must learn. Through the Youth at Risk Initiative, the ABA has held continuing legal education programs, hosted community roundtables among youth-serving stakeholders, and developed projects on: juvenile status offenders; lawyer assistance to youth transitioning from foster care; educating young girls on violence prevention, conflict resolution, and careers in law and justice; and provision of useful information to youth awaiting juvenile court hearings. New ABA policy has addressed services and programs to at-risk youth, assuring licensing, regulation, and monitoring of residential facilities serving at-risk youth, enhanced support for sexual minority foster and homeless youth, juvenile status offenders, and improving laws and policies related to youth exiting the foster care system. [source] Development of a novel quadruple auxotrophic host transformation system by argB gene disruption using adeA gene and exploiting adenine auxotrophy in Aspergillus oryzaeFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 1 2004Feng Jie Jin Abstract We previously designed a triple auxotrophic host-vector system in Aspergillus oryzae by isolating red-colored adenine auxotrophic mutants upon UV mutagenesis of a double auxotrophic host (niaD,sC,). In the present study an effort to exploit this system and construct a novel quadruple auxotrophic host was made by disrupting the argB gene involved in arginine biosynthesis. The argB gene-disruption cassette was generated by fusion PCR, which required only two steps of PCR to insert the selectable marker, adeA, into the target argB gene. The chimeric DNA fragment was transformed into the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD,sC,adeA,) and the argB disruptants were obtained with a high rate of efficiency (approximately 40%). The argB disruptants were characterized by normal colony color and reversal of arginine auxotrophy by introduction of the wild-type argB gene. Quadruple auxotrophic strains (niaD,sC,,argB adeA, or niaD,sC,,argB adeB,) were subsequently isolated upon UV mutagenesis of the triple auxotrophic strain (niaD,sC,,argB) followed by screening of red-colored colonies for adenine auxotrophy. The results obtained showed that the adeA gene served as an efficient selection marker in developing a novel host-vector system with quadruple auxotrophy in A. oryzae, thus providing a powerful tool to breed multiple auxotrophic mutants from a deuteromycete wherein sexual crossing is impossible. [source] Single QTL mapping and nucleotide-level resolution of a physiologic trait in wine Saccharomyces cerevisiae strainsFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 6 2007Philippe Marullo Abstract Natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains exhibit very large genotypic and phenotypic diversity. However, the link between phenotype variation and genetic determinism is still difficult to identify, especially in wild populations. Using genome hybridization on DNA microarrays, it is now possible to identify single-feature polymorphisms among divergent yeast strains. This tool offers the possibility of applying quantitative genetics to wild yeast strains. In this instance, we studied the genetic basis for variations in acetic acid production using progeny derived from two strains from grape must isolates. The trait was quantified during alcoholic fermentation of the two strains and 108 segregants derived from their crossing. A genetic map of 2212 markers was generated using oligonucleotide microarrays, and a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) was mapped with high significance. Further investigations showed that this QTL was due to a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism that targeted the catalytic core of asparaginase type I (ASP1) and abolished its activity. This QTL was only effective when asparagine was used as a major nitrogen source. Our results link nitrogen assimilation and CO2 production rate to acetic acid production, as well as, on a broader scale, illustrating the specific problem of quantitative genetics when working with nonlaboratory microorganisms. [source] A single qubit Landau-Zener gateFORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK/PROGRESS OF PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003V.G. Benza We study the hamiltonian and dissipative dynamics of a system undergoing a sequence of level crossings. The resulting Landau-Zener effect makes a new implementation of a general single qubit gate possible. In the dissipative case, with a periodic bias, the level crossing counteracts the interlevel relaxation and drives the system toward a two dimensional attractor. This feature can in principle be used to implement quantum memory devices of new type. [source] Medieval environmental impacts and feedbacks: The lowland floodplains of England and WalesGEOARCHAEOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 3 2010John Lewin Because of their varying channel styles (braided, meandering, and anastomosing) medieval lowland floodplains in England and Wales provided varying opportunities for defense, settlement, river crossing, and resource exploitation. In turn, these activities altered the character of channels and floodplains, with medieval and later development obscuring the former variety of floodplains themselves. The changing nature of river floodplains is reviewed using archaeological, documentary, and geomorphological evidence. Anastomosing channels and floodplain wetlands have now all but disappeared but were formerly of considerable significance; also discussed are interactions involving flooding, fording, bridging, modifications to channels and their dimensions, and those arising from accelerated soil erosion,most of which peaked in the medieval period when floodplains were significantly transformed. Deliberately or inadvertently, dynamic floodplain landforms were interactively involved with human development during a critical time period in a totality of ways not previously fully identified. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||