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Criminal Charges (criminal + charge)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Psychology	40%

Selected Abstracts

Filicide: A comparative study of maternal versus paternal child homicide

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 3 2008
Marieke Liem
Background,Filicide is the murder of a child by a parent. Historically, filicide was regarded as a female crime, but nowadays, in the West, men have become increasingly likely to be convicted of killing their child. Previous research on filicide has primarily focussed on either maternal or paternal filicide rather than comparing the two. Aim,The aim of our study is to examine and compare the socio-demographic, environmental and psychopathological factors underlying maternal and paternal filicide. Methods,Data were extracted from records in a forensic psychiatric observation hospital in Utrecht, in the Netherlands for the period 1953,2004. Results,Seventy-nine men and 82 women were detained in the hospital under criminal charges in that period, having killed (132) or attempted to kill (29) their own child(ren). Differences between men and women were found with regard to age, methods of killing and motivation underlying the filicide. Conclusions,The categories of filicide identified corresponded to those in studies from other countries, indicating that filicide follows similar patterns throughout the Western world. The fact that 25% of fathers had killed in reaction to threatened separation or divorce, and that over a third of men and more than half of the women were mentally ill at the time may suggest that increased monitoring by primary care physicians under such circumstances might have preventive value. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cannabis and crime: findings from a longitudinal study

ADDICTION, Issue 1 2010
Willy Pedersen
ABSTRACT Aim To examine the association between cannabis use during adolescence and young adulthood, and subsequent criminal charges. Methods Data were obtained from the Young in Norway Longitudinal Study. A population-based sample (n = 1353) was followed from 13 to 27 years of age. Data were gathered on cannabis use, alcohol consumption and alcohol problems, and use of other illegal substances such as amphetamines, cocaine and opiates. In addition, extensive information on socio-demographic, family and personal factors was collected. This data set was linked to individual-level information from official Norwegian crime statistics. Findings We found robust associations between cannabis use and later registered criminal charges, both in adolescence and in young adulthood. These associations were adjusted for a range of confounding factors, such as family socio-economic background, parental support and monitoring, educational achievement and career, previous criminal charges, conduct problems and history of cohabitation and marriage. In separate models, we controlled for alcohol measures and for use of other illegal substances. After adjustment, we still found strong associations between cannabis use and later criminal charges. However, when eliminating all types of drug-specific charges from our models, we no longer observed any significant association with cannabis use. Conclusions The study suggests that cannabis use in adolescence and early adulthood may be associated with subsequent involvement in criminal activity. However, the bulk of this involvement seems to be related to various types of drug-specific crime. Thus, the association seems to rest on the fact that use, possession and distribution of drugs such as cannabis is illegal. The study strengthens concerns about the laws relating to the use, possession and distribution of cannabis. [source]

Miscarriages of apothecary justice: un-separate spaces of work and family in early modern Rome

RENAISSANCE STUDIES, Issue 4 2007
Elizabeth S. Cohen
Claiming that a disruptive inspection by the College of Apothecaries had caused his wife and co-worker to miscarry and shortly die, a Roman candymaker in 1609 brought criminal charges against six guildsmen. A microanalysis of the trial records tells two linked stories. The first reconstructs tensions between, on the one hand, communal and corporate discipline and, on the other, one master's practices. The second recounts an obstetrical crisis involving self-help and several sorts of medical practitioners. These themes of work, health, public authority, and domesticity intersect within the confines of the artisan's shop and home. To explicate the meanings of these ,un-separate' spaces, this case study draws on Michael McKeon's reformulation for the early modern world of the binary, often invoked by scholars, of public and private. His ,distinction without separation' better characterizes the experiences of this candymaker and his family. (pp. 480,504) [source]

20-year prospective follow-up study of specialized treatment for adolescents who offended sexually,

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW, Issue 1 2010
C.Psych., James R. Worling Ph.D.
Most follow-up investigations of the effectiveness of specialized treatment for adolescents who have offended sexually have not included a comparison group. Furthermore, the average length of most previous studies is approximately 5 years. This investigation is a 10-year extension of our prospective, 10-year follow-up study of specialized treatment (Worling & Curwen, 2000). Recidivism data (criminal charges) were collected from a national database for 148 adolescents who had offended sexually. Adolescents were between 12 and 19 years of age (M,=,15.5; SD,=,1.5) at assessment, and the follow-up interval spanned from 12 to 20 years (M,=,16.23; SD,=,2.02). Relative to the comparison group (n,=,90), adolescents who participated in specialized treatment (n,=,58) were significantly less likely to receive subsequent charges for sexual, nonsexual violent, and nonviolent crimes. These data add to the growing body of research supporting the effectiveness of specialized treatment for individuals who have offended sexually. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]