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Adhesion Factors (adhesion + factor)
Selected AbstractsOmpA is an adhesion factor of Aeromonas veronii, an optimistic pathogen that habituates in carp intestinal tractJOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2008A. Namba Abstract Aims:, In the present study, we focused on one of the Aeromonas veronii isolates that exhibited marked adhesion onto carp intestine and studied its membrane-associated proteins for their possible involvement in mucosal adhesion. Methods and Results:, We isolated a strain of Aer. veronii (CWP11) that exhibited a high degree of temperature-dependent adhesion activity onto carp intestinal tract and studied its adhesion factor. A proteomic analysis of the membrane-associated fraction showed the presence of multiple proteins that were specifically expressed in CWP11 cells cultured at 25°C. Of these, a 30 kDa protein was identified to be OmpA by a mass fingerprint analysis. Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the ompA region of CWP11 revealed the presence of two tandem ompA homologues (ompAI - ompAII). Escherichia coli that expressed either OmpAI or OmpAII exhibited marked adhesion onto carp intestinal surface. Disruption of ompAI by a homologous recombination technique resulted in marked reduction of the adhesion activity in CWP11. Conclusion:, The OmpA homologue plays an important role in the adhesion of the Aer. veronii strain onto the surface of intestinal tract. Significance and Impact of the Study:, We successfully identified an OmpA homologue to be an adhesion factor of Aer. veronii, an optimistic pathogen that habituates in carp intestinal tract. [source] Strong suppression of tumor growth by insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-related protein 1/tumor-derived cell adhesion factor/mac25CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 7 2007Yuichiro Sato Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (IGFBP-rP1) has been shown to induce cellular senescence or apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. To examine whether IGFBP-rP1 acts as a tumor-suppressive protein in vivo, we established two model systems. Expression of IGFBP-rP1 in the human bladder carcinoma cell line EJ-1 was blocked by RNA interference. Human colon cancer cell line DLD-1, which did not express endogenous IGFBP-rP1, was transfected with an IGFBP-rP1 expression vector. When injected intraperitoneally or subcutaneously into nude mice, the IGFBP-rP1-expressing EJ-1 and DLD-1 cell lines grew poorly, whereas the IGFBP-rP1 non-producers grew rapidly and produced large tumors. In monolayer culture the IGFBP-rP1 producers and non-producers grew similarly in each model, whereas in soft agar culture the former produced far less colonies than the latter. The IGFBP-rP1 producers had IGFBP-rP1 bound to the cell surface, and adhered more efficiently to fibronectin and laminin-5 than the respective non-producers. Expression of IGFBP-rP1 did not affect the efficiency of insulin signaling. These results demonstrate that IGFBP-rP1 strongly suppresses tumor growth by an insulin-independent or insulin-like growth factor-independent mechanism. Cell surface IGFBP-rP1 may reduce the anchorage-independent growth ability, leading to the marked loss of tumorigenicity. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 1055,1063) [source] Patterned Hydrogels for Controlled Platelet Adhesion from Whole Blood and PlasmaADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 15 2010Tobias Ekblad Abstract This work describes the preparation and properties of hydrogel surface chemistries enabling controlled and well-defined cell adhesion. The hydrogels may be prepared directly on plastic substrates, such as polystyrene slides or dishes, using a quick and experimentally simple photopolymerization process, compatible with photolithographic and microfluidic patterning methods. The intended application for these materials is as substrates for diagnostic cell adhesion assays, particularly for the analysis of human platelet function. The non-specific adsorption of fibrinogen, a platelet adhesion promoting protein, is shown to be completely inhibited by the hydrogel, provided that the film thickness is sufficient (>5,nm). This allows the hydrogel to be used as a matrix for presenting selected bioactive ligands without risking interference from non-specifically adsorbed platelet adhesion factors, even in undiluted whole blood and blood plasma. This concept is demonstrated by preparing patterns of proteins on hydrogel surfaces, resulting in highly controlled platelet adhesion. Further insights into the protein immobilization and platelet adhesion processes are provided by studies using imaging surface plasmon resonance. The hydrogel surfaces used in this work appear to provide an ideal platform for cell adhesion studies of platelets, and potentially also for other cell types. [source] Antiadhesion molecule therapy in inflammatory bowel diseaseINFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 4 2002Dr. Gert Van Assche Abstract Adhesion molecules regulate the influx of leukocytes in normal and inflamed gut. Some of these molecules such as MadCAM-1 are specific for the gastrointestinal endothelium, but in inflammatory bowel diseases most of the adhesion factors are up-regulated. Adhesion molecules also are involved in local lymphocyte stimulation and antigen presentation within the intestinal mucosa. Recently, therapeutic compounds directed against trafficking of lymphocytes toward the gut mucosa have been designed, and are being developed as a novel class of drugs in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. This review deals with the immunological aspects of leukocyte trafficking focused on gut homing of T cells. Secondly, the changes in adhesion molecules and T-cell trafficking during intestinal inflammation are discussed. Finally, we review the clinical data that have been gathered in trials of biological therapies directed against adhesion molecules. Both antiintercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and anti-,4 integrin strategies are being developed. Trials with the anti-ICAM-1 antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS-2302, in steroid-refractory CD have provided conflicting efficacy data. The anti-,4 integrin antibodies natalizumab (Antegren) and LDP-02 are in phase III and phase II trials, respectively. In the near future, these novel biological agents may prove valuable therapeutic tools in the management of refractory IBD. [source] Factors Dominating Adhesion of NaCl onto Potato ChipsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 8 2007V.E. Buck ABSTRACT:, In this study, the adhesion factors examined were time between frying and coating, surface oil content, chip temperature, oil composition, NaCl size, NaCl shape, and electrostatic coating. Three different surface oil content potato chips, high, low, and no, were produced. Oils used were soybean, olive, corn, peanut, and coconut. After frying, chips were coated immediately, after 1 d, and after 1 mo. NaCl crystals of 5 different particle sizes (24.7, 123, 259, 291, and 388 ,m) were coated both electrostatically and nonelectrostatically. Adhesion of cubic, dendritic, and flake crystals was examined. Chips were coated at different temperatures. Chips with high surface oil had the highest adhesion of salt, making surface oil content the most important factor. Decreasing chip temperature decreased surface oil and adhesion. Increasing time between frying and coating reduced adhesion for low surface oil chips, but did not affect high and no surface oil chips. Changing oil composition did not affect adhesion. Increasing salt size decreased adhesion. Salt size had a greater effect on chips with lower surface oil content. When there were significant differences, cubic crystals gave the best adhesion followed by flake crystals then dendritic crystals. For high and low surface oil chips, electrostatic coating did not change adhesion of small size crystals but decreased adhesion of large salts. For no surface oil content chips, electrostatic coating improved adhesion for small salt sizes but did not affect adhesion of large crystals. [source] Immunological factors and their role in the genesis and development of endometriosis ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTEDJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 2 2006Charalambos Siristatidis Abstract The article presents an overview of immunological factors and their role in the genesis and development of endometriosis, with emphasis on inflammatory cytokines and growth and adhesion factors. Although retrograde menstruation is a common phenomenon among women of reproductive age, not all women with retrograde menstruation suffer the disease. Development of endometriosis seems to be a complex process, facilitated by several factors, including quantity and quality of endometrial cells in peritoneal fluid (PF), increased inflammatory activity in PF, increased endometrial,peritoneal adhesion and angiogenesis, reduced immune surveillance and clearance of endometrial cells, and increased production of autoantibodies against endometrial cells. Potential biomarkers like cytokines and autoantibodies, upregulated during development of endometriosis, seem useful in the development of a non-surgical diagnostic tool. In this review work, the immune role in endometriosis is examined through the role of immunological factors in the genesis and development of the disease. Furthermore, it could be concluded that, although endometriosis can be treated using hormonal suppression, there is a need today for non-hormonal drugs, probably to modulate immune function, in order to confront the disease and alleviate pain or infertility without inhibition of ovulation. [source] Regulation of coenzyme Q biosynthesis and breakdownBIOFACTORS, Issue 1-4 2003Gustav Dallner Abstract All animal cells synthesize sufficient amounts of coenzyme Q (CoQ) and the cells also possess the capacity to metabolize the lipid. The main product of the metabolism is an intact ring with a short carboxylated side chain which glucuronidated in the liver and excreted mainly into the bile (Nakamura et al., Biofactors 9 (1999), 111,119). In other cells CoQ is phosphorylated, transferred into the blood and excreted through the urine. The biosynthesis of this lipid is regulated by nuclear receptors. PPAR, is not required for the biosynthesis, or induction upon cold exposure, but it is necessary for the elevated CoQ synthesis during peroxisomal induction. RXR, is involved in the basal synthesis of CoQ and also in the increased synthesis upon cold treatment but is not required for peroxisomal induction. Dietary CoQ in human appear in the blood and it is taken up by mononuclear but not polynuclear cells. The former cells display a specific phospholipid modification, an increase of arachidonic acid content. In monocytes the CoQ administration leads to a significant decrease of the ,2-integrin CD11b and the complement receptor CD35. CD11b is one of the adhesion factors regulating the entry of these cells into the arterial wall which demonstrates that the anti-atherogenic effect of CoQ is mediated by other mechanisms beside its antioxidant protection. [source] | |||||||||||||