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Adequate Support (adequate + support)
Selected AbstractsMental health care reform in Sweden, 1995ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2001C.-G. Stefansson Objective:,To describe the content of the Community Mental Health Care reform in Sweden, in effect from 1995 and directed to severely mentally ill people (SMI). Method:,Evaluating changes, at local and national level, in living conditions among SMI and resources of services directed to them, by using registers, questionnaires, interviews and case studies. Results:,A survey, covering 93% of the population, identified 43 000 SMI (prevalence of 0.63%); 4000 long-stay patients and 400 rehabilitation programmes were transferred from psychiatric services to social services (15% of the budget of psychiatric services). Employment and rehabilitation projects, family support and user programmes and educational projects for social services staff, were launched (funded by state subsidies). Conclusion:,SMI still have difficulties in obtaining adequate support on the basis of disability laws and there continue to be barriers between social services and psychiatric services. [source] The psychometric properties of the Miller Behavioural Style Scale with adult daughters of women with early breast cancer: a literature review and empirical studyJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 2 2000Charlotte E. Rees BSc PhD The psychometric properties of the Miller Behavioural Style Scale with adult daughters of women with early breast cancer: a literature review and empirical study Several researchers have suggested that the information-seeking behaviours of patients need to be taken into consideration when assessing their information needs. This study reviews published evidence of the psychometric properties of the Miller Behavioural Style Scale, a tool commonly used to identify the information-seeking behaviours of individuals under threat, and examines its reliability and validity with adult daughters of women with early breast cancer. Ninety-seven adult daughters completed the MBSS and a 30-item, self-administered questionnaire, a tool designed to explore the information needs of adult daughters of women with breast cancer. The internal consistency of the monitoring and blunting sub-scales of the MBSS was ,=0·65 and 0·41 respectively. The blunting sub-scale fell substantially below acceptable limits and was discarded from subsequent analyses. The monitoring sub-scale possessed good test,retest reliability (n=17) with a 5-week time interval (r=0·71, P < 0·005), as measured using a Pearson's correlation coefficient. Furthermore, the majority (73·4%) of monitoring items possessed moderate or substantial test,retest reliability, as indicated by kappa coefficients. Finally, the monitoring sub-scale possessed good construct validity, both discriminant and convergent validity, as measured by the univariate associations between monitoring behaviour and selected items from the information questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire. In conclusion, adequate support exists for the psychometric properties of the monitoring sub-scale of the MBSS and its use with adult daughters of women with early breast cancer in future research. These findings have a number of implications for nursing research and these are discussed in this paper. [source] A systematic review of informal caregivers' needs in providing home-based end-of-life care to people with cancerJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 10 2009Penny E Bee Aims., This paper presents the results of a systematic review examining the practical information needs of informal caregivers providing home-based palliative and end-of-life care to people with advanced cancer. Background., Modern hospice care has led to increases in home-based palliative care services, with informal caregivers assuming responsibility for the majority of care. In response, health policy emphasises the provision of palliative care services in which both the patient and carer receive adequate support throughout illness and death. While the emotional needs of carers have been extensively researched, their practical needs with respect to the provision of physical care are yet to receive systematic attention. Design., Systematic review. Methods., Eligible articles were identified via electronic searches of research and evidence-based databases, hand-searching of academic journals and searches of non-academic grey literature websites. Quality of research was assessed via accepted guidelines for reviewing non-randomised, observational and qualitative literature. Data were synthesised by comparing and contrasting the findings to identify prominent themes. Results., Research consistently highlights this lack of practical support, often related to inadequate information exchange. These deficits typically manifest in relatives adopting a ,trial and error' approach to palliative care. Informal carers request a greater quantity of practically-focussed information, improvements in quality and increased methods of dissemination. Conclusion., Synthesis of the literature suggests that home-based palliative care services have been insufficiently focussed on assisting informal caregivers acquire practical nursing skills. Relevance to clinical practice., Enhanced access to professional advice represents a potentially effective method of increasing carers' confidence in their ability to undertake practical aspects of home-based care. Evidence suggests that nurses and other health providers may better assist home-based carers by providing the information and skills-training necessary to facilitate this. This may necessitate the involvement of carers in the design and testing of new educational interventions. [source] Harm minimization strategies: opinions of health professionals in rural and remote AustraliaJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 5 2007G. M. Peterson BPharm (Hons) PhD MBA Summary Background and objective: There is some evidence that the problem of illicit drug use (IDU) is increasing in rural areas of Australia. Lack of access to harm minimization (HM) strategies is potentially exacerbated by a shortage of health care facilities and health care professionals in rural areas. This study was conducted to determine barriers to implementation, access to, and success of HM strategies, as seen by health professionals presently working in rural Australia. Methods: Four hundred rural pharmacists Australia-wide and 425 doctors in rural Victoria and Tasmania were sent postal surveys to assess their opinions on the level of IDU in their area, the types of drugs commonly used, the adequacy of HM strategies and facilities, and the barriers faced by doctors, pharmacists and clients. Results: The overall response rate was almost 50%. Slightly less than half of surveyed health professionals felt that IDU was increasing in their area, with heroin perceived to be the most prevalent drug used in all States except Tasmania and the Northern Territory. Both methadone prescribers and dispensers believed the methadone maintenance programmes were highly valuable to the community, but not without problems (e.g. risk of overdose). A lack of time or staff was the greatest influence on doctors not participating in the methadone programmes, whereas safety concerns were prominent with pharmacists. The majority of doctors felt HM facilities were inadequate, with needle-syringe exchange being the most frequently nominated HM strategy lacking. Conclusion: Despite best intentions, there are still problems with HM strategies in these areas. Improving the number and expertise of health professionals in rural areas, and providing adequate support for them, would address some of these problems. [source] People with intellectual disability as neighbours: Towards understanding the mundane aspects of social integrationJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2010Laura M. van Alphen Abstract Although people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are increasingly expected to relocate from traditional institutional care to ,regular' neighbourhood housing facilities and socially integrate in these neighbourhoods, little is known about how they are perceived and appreciated as neighbours. This paper reports on interviews carried out with 30 neighbours without ID who were neighbours of small-scale care facilities for people with ID. Interviews addressed the neighbours' everyday experiences of neighbouring in general, and neighbouring people with ID in particular. Neighbouring, for these informants, called for a fine balance between friendliness without over-involvement. While they were generally positive about their interactions with their neighbours with ID, it emerged that the formal nature of the care facility and the interaction style of some of the neighbours with ID often contravened informants' assumptions about neighbouring. Informants expressed concern about a possible lack of appropriate distance, reciprocity and accountability among their neighbours with ID. The nature of the care facility, with paid staff, often group activities, formal means of achieving the everyday small tasks which neighbours sometimes do for each other, and a high turnover of residents, all undermined the possibility of a typical neighbourly relationship. In conclusion, we suggest that integration of people with ID into everyday neighbouring relationships raises complex challenges for care organizations that need to find a balance between supporting the needs of people with ID they care for, adequate support and mediation for other neighbours when necessary, and all the while avoid becoming overly involved in neighbouring as a formal partner. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Narrating the negative consequences of elder care and familial obligation in Atlantic Canada,JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2003D. Hodgetts Abstract At a time when renewed emphasis is being placed on the role of the family in providing care for elderly people, shifts in family structures and the demographic profile of societies such as Atlantic Canada are impacting on community structures foundational to familial caregiving practices. Research shows that family members who attempt to provide familial care without adequate support risk negative health and interpersonal consequences. Hence many find it necessary to reflect upon their familial obligations. This article investigates the storytelling processes through which caregivers, aged between 45 and 55 years (N = 26), make sense of their efforts to provide care. We explore the ways in which participants in four focus groups and 12 interviews refer to negative consequences of caring in order to navigate dilemmas arising from their enactment of familial obligations in the absence of adequate support. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A Passion for NursingJOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC, GYNECOLOGIC & NEONATAL NURSING, Issue 6 2006In memoriam of Dr. Sharron Smith Humenick As epidural and cesarean rates climb, a nurse leader provides a model for effective advocacy for normal birth and supportive care for women and their infants. Dr. Sharron Smith Humenick had a passion and devoted her life to providing women with adequate support for natural, empowering birth and successful breastfeeding. Lessons from her life's work can inspire nurses in our specialty to be tireless and passionate advocates in practice, education, and public policy for supportive nursing care. Dr. Humenick died on September 9, 2006. JOGNN, 35, 681-683; 2006. DOI: 10.1111/J.1552-6909.2006.00101.x [source] Self-help CBT for depression: opportunities for primary care mental health nurses?JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC & MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 9 2009A. E. WARRILOW rn(mental health) bn(hons) Accessible summary ,,There is currently a big demand for effective and accessible treatments for common mental health problems, but waiting lists are often long. ,,The aim of this review is to discover whether self-help cognitive behavioural therapy materials are effective in the treatment of depression. ,,It explores a possible role for mental health nurses within primary care to provide access to and low-level support with, these materials. ,,A possible model for organizing such a service is suggested. Abstract Mental health treatments that are effective and accessible to the general population are in high demand. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective and is popular but such treatments are difficult to access especially within primary care, causing delay, frustration and suffering. One approach to meeting demand would be through the use of self-help CBT materials that aim to address common mental health problems such as depression. The aim of this review is to discover whether self-help CBT materials are effective in the treatment of depression and how mental health nurses within primary care can use their skills to provide access and low-level support. Studies critiqued within this literature review indicate that self-help CBT is effective for the treatment of depression. However, there is a lack of evidence that specifically considers self-help CBT for the treatment of depression in primary care. This review addresses the question of how much nurse client contact is needed to provide adequate support for the facilitation of self-help CBT in depression with primary care patients and recommends the use of a service delivery model. However, more research needs to be carried out on the application of self-help CBT for depression in primary care. [source] From nationwide standardized testing to school-based alternative embedded assessment in Israel: Students' performance in the matriculation 2000 projectJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 1 2003Yehudit J. Dori Matriculation 2000 was a 5-year project aimed at moving from the nationwide traditional examination system in Israel to a school-based alternative embedded assessment. Encompassing 22 high schools from various communities in the country, the Project aimed at fostering deep understanding, higher-order thinking skills, and students' engagement in learning through alternative teaching and embedded assessment methods. This article describes research conducted during the fifth year of the Project at 2 experimental and 2 control schools. The research objective was to investigate students' learning outcomes in chemistry and biology in the Matriculation 2000 Project. The assumption was that alternative embedded assessment has some effect on students' performance. The experimental students scored significantly higher than their control group peers on low-level assignments and more so on assignments that required higher-order thinking skills. The findings indicate that given adequate support and teachers' consent and collaboration, schools can transfer from nationwide or statewide standardized testing to school-based alter-native embedded assessment. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 40: 34,52, 2003 [source] Australian occupational therapy practice in acute care settingsOCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2001Dr Susan D. Griffin Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences Abstract A national sample of occupational therapists was surveyed to explore the nature of Australian occupational therapy practice in acute care settings. Self-care was the major client need that therapists reported they addressed, with an initial interview being the most common assessment procedure. Client education was the most frequently used intervention. The most important skills therapists reported for effective practice in acute care were time management, quick clinical reasoning and lateral thinking. Important workplace characteristics included a cooperative health-care team and early referral. Therapists reported that their most important resources were supportive senior therapists and a well-resourced equipment pool. Three attitudinal factors emerged. Therapists in interdisciplinary teams and those with more experience had more positive attitudes. Younger therapists experienced more concern about not being able to do more for their patients. Results suggest a need for graduates to be better prepared in some skill areas and to have more realistic expectations of practice in this area. Department managers need to ensure younger therapists receive adequate support from senior therapists. Further research is needed to determine how best to provide this support and to further examine the influence of the education experience on practice expectations. Copyright © 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source] Awareness and barriers to use of cancer support and information resources by HMO patients with breast, prostate, or colon cancer: patient and provider perspectivesPSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2001Elizabeth G. Eakin This study assessed patient awareness and use,as well as obstacles to use,of HMO- and community-based psychosocial support services designed for cancer patients. Participants were a randomly selected group of patients from a large Northwest HMO, with breast (N=145), prostate (N=151), or colon cancer (N=72), and their oncology and urology providers (N=29). Patient awareness was highest for HMO-based services (68,90%) and lower for community- (33%) or Internet-based (10,14%) services, and use rates were low across all services (range 2,8%). Providers reported referring 70% of their patients to HMO cancer support services, but their estimates of actual patient use of these services (40%) were inflated. Providers reported few barriers to referring patients to support services. The most commonly reported patient barriers to using such services were already having adequate support, lack of awareness of the service, and lack of provider referral. Results of regression analyses suggest that education, physician referral, social support, and spirituality may be important influences on use of cancer support services. This study takes a first step toward understanding patient use of existing cancer support services and suggests ways to increase participation in these services. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Greek special educators' behavior analytic skillsBEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS, Issue 2 2007Konstantinos M. Ntinas The present study examined the ability of 52 special teachers in determining the underlying function of challenging behaviors in children with developmental disabilities and in linking the identified function with relevant intervention. Participants were presented with three questionnaire vignettes describing behavior maintained by attention, task avoidance and sensory consequences. They were then asked to identify the likely causes of the behaviors from a table of three possible functions and to link them with relevant intervention from a pool of 11 forms of intervention. The results indicated that teachers can reliably identify the cause of the behavior but they are not yet able to link function with relevant intervention without the provision of adequate support. The implications for teachers' in-service training in the implementation of behavior analytic interventions are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Non-adherence to interferon-beta therapy in Swedish patients with multiple sclerosisACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2010A. Cunningham Cunningham A, Gottberg K, von Koch L, Hillert J. Non-adherence to interferon-beta therapy in Swedish patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 121: 154,160. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard. Objectives,,, To explore the occurrence and reasons for stopping, switching or continuing first prescribed interferon-beta therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis in Sweden, with respect to demographic, clinical and/or therapy-related factors. Materials and methods,,, A retrospective study reviewing the medical charts of 259 patients with multiple sclerosis, comparing patients continuing therapy for at least 3 years with those switching or stopping therapy. Results,,, Sixty 9% stopped (15%), or switched (54%), interferon-beta therapy within 3 years. Stoppers had longer disease duration before starting therapy (P = 0.002), less frequently relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (P = 0.046), and more often Expanded Disability Status Scale scores 6,9.5 (P = 0.045) compared to Switchers. The most common reasons for switching/stopping therapy were perceived lack of effect and side-effects. Conclusions,,, Adherence to initial immune-modulating therapy is low; identification of patients at higher risk of stopping therapy and provision of adequate support are essential. [source] Feasibility and safety of transbrachial approach for patients with severe carotid artery stenosis undergoing stentingCATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 6 2006Chiung-Jen Wu MD Abstract Although sporadic successful cases using the transradial approach (TRA) for carotid stenting have been reported, the safety and feasibility of carotid stenting using either TRA or a transbrachial approach (TBA) have not been fully investigated. Recently, we have developed a safe and feasible method of TRA for cerebrovascular angiographic studies. This study investigated whether a TBA approach using a 7-French (F) Kimny guiding catheter for carotid stenting is safe and feasible for patients with severe carotid stenosis. Thirteen patients were enrolled into this study (age range, 63,78 years). Seven of these 13 patients had severe peripheral vascular disease. A retrograde-engagement technique, involving looping 6-F Kimny guiding catheter, was utilized for carotid angiographic study. For carotid stenting, the 6-F Kimny guiding catheter was replaced with a 7-F Kimny guiding catheter, and the procedure was performed as the follows. First, an extra-support wire was inserted into the middle portion of external carotid artery (ECA). Second, a 0.035-inch Teflon wire was advanced into the common carotid artery. Then, the 6-F guiding catheter was exchanged for a 7-F Kimny guiding catheter. Third, if the first and second steps did not provide adequate support for exchanging the guiding catheter, a PercuSurge GuardWireÔ was inserted into the ECA, followed by distal balloon inflation for an anchoring support. FilterWire EXÔ was used in 9 patients and PercuSurge GuardWire in 4 patients to protect from distal embolization during the procedure. The procedure was successful in all patients. No neurological or vascular bleeding complications were observed and all patients were discharged uneventfully. The TBA for carotid stenting was safe and effective, providing a last resort for patients unsuited to femoral arterial access and surgical intervention. © 2006 Wiley-Liss., Inc. [source] Skin-to-skin contact of fullterm infants: an explorative study of promoting and hindering factors in two Nordic childbirth settingsACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 7 2010E Calais Abstract Aim:, To explore factors that promote or hinder skin-to-skin contact (SSC) during the first days after birth between parents and healthy fullterm infants. Methods:, A total of 117 postnatal mothers and 107 fathers/partners attending two childbirth settings, where Kangaroo mother care (KMC) was implemented as a standard routine of care, one in Sweden and one in Norway, were recruited consecutively and answered questionnaires two weeks postpartum. Results:, Satisfaction with support for SSC in postnatal care and being a mother in the Swedish setting was found to promote SSC during the first day postpartum; previous knowledge about SSC increased the practice also during the 2nd and 3rd days. Receiving visitors apart from partner and siblings emerged as a hindering factor. SSC was known of and practised to a larger extent in the Swedish setting, whereas parents in the Norwegian setting received more visitors and were more satisfied with the received information and support for SSC in postnatal care. Conclusions:, The results highlight the need for caregivers to give parents adequate support for practising SSC with their newborn healthy fullterm infants and indicate the importance of developing information routines during the antenatal period as well as in relation to the birth of the child, to effectively introduce and implement SSC. [source] Adolescent homosexuality: we need to learn more about causes and consequencesACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 2 2003K Berg-Kelly In this issue a descriptive study of various aspects of homosexual orientation among adolescents is presented. In agreement with previous American studies, the authors identify three separate domains of homosexuality: attraction, fantasy and self-identification. This knowledge is important in understanding an adolescent struggling with homosexual thoughts. Conclusion: The development of an homosexual identity is a process connected with serious health hazards related to both physical and mental health. Most adolescents are not given adequate support because heterosexuality is considered the norm in most cultures. [source] Textile research and development in the UK , success or failure?COLORATION TECHNOLOGY, Issue 1 2009James Park Although initially lagging behind the USA, the amount and quality of research and development carried out in the UK can be compared favourably with that from other major world countries. The industrial research association, although a well-conceived concept to increase research and development efforts that gave significant results, was disappointing for several reasons. A major problem has been the dissemination, exploitation and commercialisation of research results. The activities of research organisations need to be reviewed regularly, as they may have a relatively short lifespan. The intermediate research and technology sector, given adequate support, may be the vehicle for better utilisation of research and development results. [source] Current and Future Concerns of Older Parents of Sons and Daughters With Intellectual DisabilitiesJOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2009Lori E. Weeks Abstract Increasingly greater numbers of older parents are providing care at home for their sons and daughters with intellectual disabilities. As attention needs to be paid to the supports needed by such families to assist them with their caregiving activities, it is prudent to identify the types of supports that will be needed when the parents are no longer able to provide care. Working with a cohort of older parent carers in Prince Edward Island, Canada, the authors undertook to examine older carer concerns and planning issues. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the key issues that older parents of sons and daughters with intellectual disabilities are currently facing and their preferences for care in the future, the authors initiated a population-case-finding process, undertook pilot interviews with a sample, and then used the resultant qualitative data to form the quantitative component of the study. Of 132 identified families in the province, 10 parents voluntarily participated in pilot interviews, and 33 parents agreed to complete in-depth interviews. Analysis of qualitative data resulted in the following five themes: (1) worry about the future care of son or daughter; (2) concern about services funding; (3) having housing and care options; (4) lack of provider understanding of carer's needs; and (5) helping son or daughter become a productive and active member of society. Key issues identified through quantitative analysis included interactions with the government, the need for respite care, and meeting social and emotional needs. Preferred types of housing and care options included "small option homes" and services that provide care to both older parents and their sons and daughters. The authors' results emphasize the necessity of adequate supports being made available to older parents who wish to support their sons and daughters with intellectual disabilities at home and to ensure that desired supports are available in the future when they are no longer able to provide care. [source] | |||||||||||||