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Adenovirus Infections (adenovirus + infections)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Adenovirus infections within a family cohort in Iran,

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 8 2009
Mohammadreza Naghipour PhD
Abstract Background Adenovirus is one of the most frequent viruses associated with acute respiratory infections (ARI). There is limited information of its transmission within the community. Methods Cohorts of 50 families with ,two children were visited weekly for 2 months to ascertain the presence ARI in Rasht, Iran. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from symptomatic participants and at 3,4-day intervals to assess the duration of adenovirus shedding. Adenoviruses were identified by PCR and adenovirus positive amplicons were subjected to DNA sequencing. Results Thirty-three (35%) of 94 ARI episodes in children and 8 (27%) of 30 episodes in adults were due to adenovirus (not significant, NS). 25/50 (50%) families had adenovirus infections. Children had more infections than adults, were more likely to develop symptoms if there was a symptomatic case within the household and episodes had a longer duration (P,<,0.05). Adenoviruses were recovered for a median of 11 (interquartile range 5,26) days of follow up in children and 7 (2,20) days in adults (NS). Adenovirus-7 was the most frequent serotype (12 families), followed by adenovirus-6 (5 families), adenovirus-1 and 2 (4 families each), and adenovirus-5 (3 families). Both adenovirus-5 and 7 amplicons fell into two clusters. No mutations were observed during transmission within a family. Conclusion A substantial proportion of ARI in the community are due to adenovirus with further transmission within the family. Children ,2 years experienced a higher proportion of infections than younger children and adults. Viral shedding was more prolonged in children and adenovirus-7 and 5 predominated with several clusters co-circulating in the same season. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:749,753. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Cytokine induction by respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus in bronchial epithelial cells

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 3 2007
Jong-Seo Yoon MD
Abstract In order to broaden our knowledge of the primary immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus infections, we compared the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) produced in vitro during RSV and adenovirus infections of bronchial epithelial cells. We infected BEAS-2B cells,a human bronchial epithelial cell line,with RSV, adenovirus serotype 3, or serotype 7 and measured the concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES in the cell culture supernatants. When the multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 1, RSV induced the production of markedly higher concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES than the adenovirus. When the MOI of the adenovirus was increased to 100, the production of IL-6 and IL-8 increased. However, the amounts produced were still lower than those produced by RSV with the MOI of 1. There was no statistically significant increase in the production of RANTES in spite of the MOI of the adenovirus was increased to 100. Adenovirus serotype 7 induced the production of considerably more IL-6 and IL-8 than serotype 3 in the MOI of 100. However, neither adenovirus serotype triggered an increase in the production of RANTES in spite of the MOI of 100. This demonstrates that RSV could have a superior capacity to stimulate the production of IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES in the bronchial epithelial cells. This study may help to explain the differences in the clinical outcomes of RSV and adenovirus infections. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:277,282. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Screening of rotavirus and adenovirus infections during prolonged hospitalization in a neonatal unit

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2001
M Hällström
Rotavirus and adenovirus infections in 308 infants hospitalized for longer than 1 wk, and cases with necrotizing enterocolitis, were screened in a neonatal unit during a 15 mo period, covering two rotavirus epidemics in the community. Altogether, 1020 stool samples were collected weekly until hospital discharge, and in necrotizing enterocolitis cases at the onset of symptoms, and tested for rotavirus and adenovirus by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The positive samples were further analysed by polymerase chain reaction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed five adenovirus-positive cases, which were tested negative by polymerase chain reaction. Out of 16 necrotizing enterocolitis cases, one was adenovirus- and another rotavirus positive when tested by polymerase chain reaction, the latter having a concomitant Candida albicans septicaemia. Conclusion: Routine rotavirus and adenovirus screening in hospitalized neonates seems to be unnecessary. Viral diagnostic examinations should be considered in patients with necrotizing enterocolitis. [source]