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Coordinate Data (coordinate + data)
Selected AbstractsIn-house characterization of protein powderJOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2010Christian Grundahl Hartmann X-ray powder diffraction patterns of lysozyme and insulin were recorded on a standard in-house powder diffractometer. The experimental powder diffraction patterns were compared with patterns calculated from Protein Data Bank coordinate data. Good agreement was obtained by including straightforward corrections for background, unit-cell parameters, disordered bulk solvent and geometric factors. In particular the solvent correction was found crucial for a good agreement. A revised Lorentz factor was derived, which gave a minor, but significant, improvement to the fit in the low-angle region. An attempt to include calculated H-atom positions did not improve the overall fit and was abandoned. The method devised was shown to be a quick and convenient tool for distinguishing precipitates and polymorphs of proteins. [source] A Geometric Morphometric Approach to Sex Determination of the Human Adult Os CoxaJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 4 2010Joan A. Bytheway Ph.D. Abstract:, Sex determination of the human skeleton is best assessed from the os coxa. The present study explored the possibility of using three-dimensional landmark coordinate data collected from various landmarks located over the entire bone to determine whether there were significant sex differences local to the landmarks. Thirty-six landmarks were digitized on 200 African American and European American male and female adult human os coxae. MANCOVA results show that sex and size have a significant effect on shape for both European Americans (Sex, F = 17.50, d.f. = 36, 63, p > F = 0.0001; Size, F = 2.56, d.f. = 36, 63, p > F = 0.0022) and African Americans (Sex, F = 21.18, d.f. = 36, 63, p > F = 0.0001; Size, F = 2.59, d.f. = 36, 63, p > F = 0.0005). The discriminant analysis shows that sexing accuracy for European Americans is 98% for both males and females, 98% for African American females, and 100% for African American males. [source] Eigenshape analysis of ammonoid suturesLETHAIA, Issue 2 2010TAKAO UBUKATA Ubukata, T., Tanabe, K., Shigeta, Y., Maeda, H. & Mapes, R.H. 2009: Eigenshape analysis of ammonoid sutures. Lethaia, Vol. 43, pp. 266,277. A morphometric method based on eigenshape analysis is proposed for characterizing the morphospace of widely varied ammonoid suture shapes. The analysis requires initially the placement of a suture line in an x,y coordinate system, with the ventral and umbilical extremes located on the x -axis. Series of x- and y -coordinates along the suture line are used as descriptors. The coordinate data are summarized into the two largest principal components using eigenshape analysis. A total of 115 species belonging to six ammonoid orders, spanning from the Devonian to the Cretaceous, was utilized in the present analysis. The analysis, using y -coordinate data, revealed differences in morphological variation in suture shape among taxa within the Mesozoic ammonitids: the Lytoceratina and Ammonitina were characterized by small negative values of the first eigenshape scores, whereas the Phylloceratina (the sister group of the Lytoceratina plus Ammonitina), as well as the Triassic ceratitids and Palaeozoic ammonoids, have a wide range of the first eigenshape scores. The pattern of data obtained from many different ammonoid species, as plotted on eigenshape axes in the morphospace constructed based on y -coordinate data, reveals a plesiomorphic aspect of suture shape in some phylloceratine species with respect to other ammonitids. ,Ammonoids, eigenshape analysis, morphometrics, suture line. [source] Technical note: A new three-dimensional technique for high resolution quantitative recording of perikymataAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 3 2010E. Bocaege Abstract The number and spacing of incremental markings at the enamel surface, known as perikymata, are considered important indicators of dental growth patterns, as they provide information on crown formation times and the underlying developmental processes. This study explores the potential of a new three-dimensional technique for the reconstruction of dental growth profiles, using teeth from a medieval child from Abingdon, Oxfordshire. The crowns of three anterior teeth were imaged and analyzed using the Alicona 3D InfiniteFocus imaging microscope. Individual perikyma grooves can be unambiguously identified on a profile of the reconstructed enamel surface and direct distances between successive pairs of perikyma grooves can be calculated from coordinate data. This quantitative approach constitutes a more objective way to record perikymata spacing than current methods. Am J Phys Anthropol 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Three-dimensional deformation-based hippocampal surface anatomy, projected on MRI imagesCLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 7 2005Robert Gardner Abstract The objectives of the present study were to illustrate three-dimensional hippocampal surface anatomy using deformation-based composite segmentations, superimposed on two-dimensional MRI (magnetic resonance images) in standard and oblique planes. The hippocampi from five normal volumetric MRI studies were segmented using a semiautomated, deformation-based technique. Segmentations were then processed to combine hippocampal surfaces, generating a composite (or average) deformation for each of the five left and five right hippocampi. Composite hippocampal surfaces were then projected on two-dimensional MRIs, with verification of projections using three-dimensional coordinate data. Composite hippocampal surfaces show anatomical details of hippocampal substructures, including the pes hippocampi, intralimbic gyrus, and uncinate gyrus. Projection on two-dimensional MRI helps to define hippocampal anatomy in relationship to surrounding structures. Composite images highlight specific features of normal hippocampal surface anatomy, and demonstrate the structural relationship of the hippocampus to surrounding structures on MRI. Clin. Anat. 18:481,487, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||