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Active Range (active + range)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences60%

Selected Abstracts

Physical fitness in children with haemophilia and the effect of overweight

HAEMOPHILIA, Issue 2 2009
D. C. M. DOUMA-VAN RIET
Summary., Although children with haemophilia are advised to participate in physical activities, their physical fitness has not been studied in a large group. In addition, children with haemophilia may be at increased risk for becoming overweight as a result of inactivity because of joint bleedings or because of overprotection. This study aimed to assess physical fitness (aerobic capacity), joint status, muscle strength, quality of life (QoL), self-reported motor competence and also prevalence of overweight and its association with physical parameters. Weight and height were measured. Skin folds were measured unilaterally at biceps, triceps, subscapular and supra-iliac sites. Aerobic capacity was determined on a cycle ergometer or with a 6-min walk test (6MWT). Muscle strength and active range of motion of elbows, knees and ankle joints were measured. Self-reported motor competence was measured with the ,Competentie BelevingsSchaal voor Kinderen'. Joint pain was scored on a Visual Analogue Scale. The Haemo-QoL Index was used to measure QoL. In 158 Dutch boys with haemophilia, with a mean age of 12.7 years (SD 2.9), normal aerobic capacity and muscle strength were found. Joint pain was reported by 16% of the participants. The prevalence of overweight (16%) was slightly increased when compared with healthy Dutch boys (13.5%). Being overweight had a negative association with the 6MWT and QoL. Dutch children with haemophilia have normal aerobic exercise capacity and muscle strength. The majority also has normal joint mobility. Prevalence of overweight is slightly increased. [source]

Prediction of Carbonic Anhydrase Activation by Tri-/Tetrasubstituted-pyridinium-azole Compounds: A Computational Approach using Novel Topochemical Descriptor

MOLECULAR INFORMATICS, Issue 7 2004
Sanjay Bajaj
Abstract A novel highly discriminating adjacency-cum-distance based topochemical descriptor, termed as Superadjacency topochemical index, has been derived and its discriminating power investigated with regard to activation of Carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozyme-I by tri-/tetrasubstituted-pyridinium-azole compounds. The new index is not only sensitive to the presence of heteroatoms but also overcomes the problem of degeneracy of many topological descriptors. The discriminating power of Superadjacency topochemical index was found to be far superior when compared with that of distance based Wiener,s index and adjacency based Molecular connectivity index. The values of Wiener,s index, path-one Molecular connectivity index and Superadjacency topochemical index of each of the 42 substituted-pyridinium-azole compounds comprising the dataset were computed. Resultant data was analyzed and suitable models developed after identification of the active ranges. Subsequently, a biological activity was assigned to each of the compounds involved in the dataset using these models, which was then compared with the reported activation constants for Carbonic Anhydrase isozyme-I. Excellent correlations were observed between the activation constants of CA isozyme-I and all the topological/topochemical descriptors. The overall accuracy of prediction was about 91% for models based upon both Molecular connectivity index as well as Wiener,s index, and 96% for model based upon Superadjacency topochemical index. Surprisingly, the accuracy of prediction in the active range was found to be 100% in all the models. Thus the proposed index offers a vast potential for structure-activity/structure-property studies. [source]

Botulinum Toxin, Physical and Occupational Therapy, and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Treat Spastic Upper Limb of Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 3 2010
Gerardo Rodríguez-Reyes
Abstract Spasticity has been successfully managed with different treatment modalities or combinations. No information is available on the effectiveness or individual contribution of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) combined with physical and occupational therapy and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to treat spastic upper limb. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of such treatment and to inform sample-size calculations for a randomized controlled trial. BTA was injected into spastic upper limb muscles of 10 children. They received 10 sessions of physical and occupational therapy followed by 10 sessions of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the wrist extensors (antagonist muscles). Degree of spasticity using the Modified Ashworth scale, active range of motion, and manual function with the Jebsen hand test, were assessed. Meaningful improvement was observed in hand function posttreatment (P = 0.03). Median spasticity showed a reduction trend and median amplitude of wrist range of motion registered an increase; however, neither of these were significant (P > 0.05). There is evidence of a beneficial effect of the combined treatment. Adequate information has been obtained on main outcome-measurement variability for calculating sample size for a subsequent study to quantify the treatment effect precisely. [source]

Overcoming Abnormal Joint Torque Patterns in Paretic Upper Extremities Using Triceps Stimulation

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 3 2005
Thierry Keller
Abstract:, The goal of this research project was to quantitatively assess whether transcutaneous triceps stimulation can overcome the expression of abnormal torque patterns in the paretic upper limb of subjects with hemiparetic stroke. Abnormal torque patterns consist of strong coupling between shoulder abduction (SAB) and elbow flexion (EF) or between elbow extension (EE) and shoulder adduction (SAD) torques. Both patterns reduce the active range of motion during arm movements. Eight chronic stroke subjects with moderate to severe (Fugl-Meyer assessment scores of 21/66,36/66) upper limb motor impairment participated in this study. Shoulder and elbow joint torques were measured with a 6-degrees-of-freedom load cell under isometric conditions, while the triceps muscle was stimulated to generate EE torques. At the same time the subjects were asked to lift up their arm to generate different SAB torque levels. The obtained isometric results showed that electrical stimulation can overcome abnormal torque patterns in chronic stroke subjects while generating SAB. This is likely to have potential benefits to increase the, reaching, workspace, of, the, paretic, arm. [source]

Prediction of Carbonic Anhydrase Activation by Tri-/Tetrasubstituted-pyridinium-azole Compounds: A Computational Approach using Novel Topochemical Descriptor

MOLECULAR INFORMATICS, Issue 7 2004
Sanjay Bajaj
Abstract A novel highly discriminating adjacency-cum-distance based topochemical descriptor, termed as Superadjacency topochemical index, has been derived and its discriminating power investigated with regard to activation of Carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozyme-I by tri-/tetrasubstituted-pyridinium-azole compounds. The new index is not only sensitive to the presence of heteroatoms but also overcomes the problem of degeneracy of many topological descriptors. The discriminating power of Superadjacency topochemical index was found to be far superior when compared with that of distance based Wiener,s index and adjacency based Molecular connectivity index. The values of Wiener,s index, path-one Molecular connectivity index and Superadjacency topochemical index of each of the 42 substituted-pyridinium-azole compounds comprising the dataset were computed. Resultant data was analyzed and suitable models developed after identification of the active ranges. Subsequently, a biological activity was assigned to each of the compounds involved in the dataset using these models, which was then compared with the reported activation constants for Carbonic Anhydrase isozyme-I. Excellent correlations were observed between the activation constants of CA isozyme-I and all the topological/topochemical descriptors. The overall accuracy of prediction was about 91% for models based upon both Molecular connectivity index as well as Wiener,s index, and 96% for model based upon Superadjacency topochemical index. Surprisingly, the accuracy of prediction in the active range was found to be 100% in all the models. Thus the proposed index offers a vast potential for structure-activity/structure-property studies. [source]