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Conventional Markers (conventional + marker)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	60%

Selected Abstracts

Integrating glycaemic variability in the glycaemic disorders of type 2 diabetes: a move towards a unified glucose tetrad concept

DIABETES/METABOLISM: RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, Issue 5 2009
Louis Monnier
Abstract The high incidence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes. Evidence is accumulating that postprandial hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for diabetes-associated complications and mortality, and that worsening diabetes control is characterized by postprandial glucose (PPG) deterioration preceding an impairment in fasting glucose levels. Postprandial and general glucose fluctuations play a major role in activating oxidative stress, leading to the endothelial dysfunction, one of the mechanisms responsible for vascular complications. Therefore, the management of PPG is key for any strategy used in the monitoring and treatment of diabetes. We recommend that any strategy aimed at controlling the glycaemic disorders associated with type 2 diabetes, and limiting the risk of complications, should target the ,glucose tetrad', which comprises the following components: HbA1c, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, and markers of glycaemic variability, such as the mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE) index. This brings together, in a simple, unified concept, the conventional markers (HbA1c and fasting glucose) and the more recently recognized markers of glycaemic control (PPG excursions and acute glycaemic variability). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Expression of CD66a in multiple myeloma

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 2 2002
Yukihiko Satoh
Abstract CD66a is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family and has been suggested to function as an intercellular adhesion molecule and cell growth regulator. Expression of CD66a in myeloma cells was examined with mAb TS135 against CD66a transfectants of murine-transformed fibroblasts. The reactivity of mAb TS135 with CD66a, CD66c, and CD66e was revealed. CD66a in myeloma cells was considered to be detectable with this mAb, since CD66c and CD66e are not expressed in them. CD66a was detected in three myeloma cell lines and an IgM-producing B-cell line. In clinical bone marrow specimens, including 18 multiple myeloma, two primary macroglobulinemia, and a case of CLL-like chronic lymphoproliferation with monoclonal IgG production, CD66a and three conventional myeloma cell markers (PCA-1, CD38, and CD56) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The results showed that 18 out of 21 cases (86%) were CD66a+, and PCA-1 showed the highest correlation with CD66a among conventional markers. Primary macroglobulinemia and chronic lymphoproliferation were also CD66a+. Two-dimensional flow cytometry with mAbs TS135 and CD38 confirmed the reactivity of TS135 with myeloma cells in those bone marrow specimens. The findings suggest that CD66a is expressed in multiple myeloma with high frequency. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:79,85, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Identifying Subjects Who Benefit from Additional Information for Better Prediction of the Outcome Variables

BIOMETRICS, Issue 3 2009
L. Tian
Summary Suppose that we are interested in using new bio- or clinical markers, in addition to the conventional markers, to improve prediction or diagnosis of the patient's clinical outcome. The incremental value from the new markers is typically assessed by averaging across patients in the entire study population. However, when measuring the new markers is costly or invasive, an overall improvement does not justify measuring the new markers in all patients. A more practical strategy is to utilize the patient's conventional markers to decide whether the new markers are needed for improving prediction of his/her health outcomes. In this article, we propose inference procedures for the incremental values of new markers across various subgroups of patients classified by the conventional markers. The resulting point and interval estimates can be quite useful for medical decision makers seeking to balance the predictive or diagnostic value of new markers against their associated cost and risk. Our proposals are theoretically justified and illustrated empirically with two real examples. [source]

Indocyanine green elimination but not bilirubin indicates improvement of graft function during MARS therapy

CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2007
Stefan Scheingraber
Abstract:, Measurement of indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate (PDRICG) has been suggested as a meaningful liver function parameter. However, there are only very limited data concerning its value in the monitoring of graft dysfunction (GDF) and primary non-function (PNF) especially during molecular absorbent recirculating system (MARS) therapy. This study was therefore performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy to detect and monitor GDF with the measurement of the PDRICG in direct comparison with conventional markers like bilirubin and prothrombin time (PT). Of the 19 liver recipients, four patients with GDF and two patients with PNF were treated with 38 MARS cycles. Only PDRICG did reliably indicate liver function between patients with GDF/PNF and patients with sufficient graft function who served as controls. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the highest areas under the curve (AUC) for PDRICG (AUCPDRICG max: 0.840, AUCPDRICG max: 0.822), followed by bilirubin (AUCbilirubin: 0.528) and PT (AUCPT: 0.546). In contrast to the decrease of the serum bilirubin concentration due to MARS, a noticeable improvement of PDRICG was evident only in patients with GDF. Patients with acute fulminant failure and PNF had significantly lower PDRICG values, which did not improve even during continuous MARS treatments. Conclusively, monitoring of PDRICG is superior to bilirubin and PT measurements to determine the graft function especially in patients with PNF and GDF undergoing MARS therapy. [source]