Consensus

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Distribution within Medical Sciences

Kinds of Consensus

  • broad consensus
  • clear consensus
  • current consensus
  • elite consensus
  • emerging consensus
  • expert consensus
  • general consensus
  • group consensus
  • growing consensus
  • international consensus
  • little consensus
  • new consensus
  • post-washington consensus
  • professional consensus
  • scientific consensus
  • strict consensus
  • washington consensus
  • wide consensus

  • Terms modified by Consensus

  • consensus analysis
  • consensus approach
  • consensus binding site
  • consensus building
  • consensus classification
  • consensus committee
  • consensus conference
  • consensus criterioN
  • consensus definition
  • consensus development conference
  • consensus diagnosis
  • consensus document
  • consensus group
  • consensus guideline
  • consensus map
  • consensus meeting
  • consensus method
  • consensus methods
  • consensus motif
  • consensus opinion
  • consensus panel
  • consensus pcr
  • consensus primer
  • consensus process
  • consensus recommendation
  • consensus report
  • consensus score
  • consensus sequence
  • consensus site
  • consensus statement
  • consensus strategy
  • consensus tree
  • consensus view
  • consensus workshop

  • Selected Abstracts


    REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF CONSENSUS-BASED DECISION MAKING IN CHILD WELFARE

    FAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 1 2009
    Bernie Mayer
    Consensus approaches to child protection decision making such as mediation and family group conferencing have become increasingly widespread since first initiated about 25 years ago. They address but are also constrained by paradoxes in the child protection system about commitments to protecting children and to family autonomy. In a series of surveys, interviews, and dialogues, mediation and conferencing researchers and practitioners discussed the key issues that face their work: clarity about purpose, system support, family empowerment, professional qualifications, and coordination among different types of consensus-building efforts. Consensus-based decision making in child protection will continue to expand and grow but will also continue to confront these challenges. [source]


    "[U]NITED AND ACTUATED BY SOME COMMON IMPULSE OF PASSION"1: CHALLENGING THE DISPERSAL CONSENSUS IN AMERICAN HOUSING POLICY RESEARCH

    JOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 2 2008
    DAVID IMBROSCIO
    ABSTRACT: A large and influential group of American scholars studying urban and low-income housing policy have coalesced around the central idea that the best way to ameliorate the plague of urban poverty in the United States is to disperse (or deconcentrate) the urban poor into wealthier (usually outlying suburban) neighborhoods. This article refers to this group of scholars as the Dispersal Consensus (or DC for short). It finds that the DC's zeal to promote dispersal policies leads many of its members to engage in suspect and problematic practices, both in their research and policy prescription efforts. Such findings suggest that the DC's near hegemonic influence over the academic discourse of American urban and low-income housing policy should be challenged. This challenge will help stimulate a more open and productive debate regarding how best to ameliorate urban poverty (and related social problems) in the United States. [source]


    A POST-KEYNESIAN AMENDMENT TO THE NEW CONSENSUS ON MONETARY POLICY

    METROECONOMICA, Issue 2 2006
    Article first published online: 24 APR 200, Marc Lavoie
    ABSTRACT A common view is now pervasive in policy research at universities and central banks, which one could call the New Keynesian consensus, based on an endogenous money supply. This new consensus reproduces received wisdom: in the long run, expansionary fiscal policy leads to higher inflation rates and real interest rates, while more restrictive monetary policy only leads to lower inflation rates. The paper provides a simple four-quadrant apparatus to represent the above, and it shows that simple modifications to the new consensus model are enough to radically modify received doctrine as to the likely effects of fiscal and monetary policies. [source]


    Hunting for Consensus: Reconciling Bushmeat Harvest, Conservation, and Development Policy in West and Central Africa

    CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2007
    ELIZABETH L. BENNETT
    First page of article [source]


    Patterns of care and referral in children with atopic dermatitis and concern for food allergy

    DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 2 2006
    Michele M. Thompson
    ABSTRACT:, Although many providers believe that up to 30% of atopic dermatitis (AD) is food induced, food challenge studies show that food-induced eczematous reactions are rare. When food allergy is suggested to cause AD, it often leads to allergy testing with a high false-positivity rate, in turn further focusing parents on food allergy. Study subjects were children less than 11 years old with AD and food allergy suspicion. Prior diagnoses, provider, and testing patterns were assessed by questionnaire given to the parents. Thirty-eight patients with AD were enrolled. Most subject's parents suspected food allergy induced AD. Initial skin diagnoses were made by pediatricians (79%) and family practitioners (18%) as eczema. Allergy was suggested by providers as cause for AD in 63% of the present study's patients. Seventy-nine percent had allergy testing. Greater than 90% of parents claimed their children had food allergy and food-induced AD. Sixty-six percent had positive food allergy tests and 37% had definite history of immediate IgE reactions to food. The majority of this population had allergy suggested as causative for eczema by their primary care provider and were subsequently evaluated by allergist and allergy testing. Consensus about the role of food allergy between the different providers of AD in children would result in more effective, efficient, and less costly health care. [source]


    The Regulatory State and Turkish Banking Reforms in the Age of Post-Washington Consensus

    DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 1 2010
    Caner Bakir
    ABSTRACT The new era of the Post-Washington Consensus (PWC), promoted under the auspices of International Financial Institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, centres on the need to develop sound financial regulation and strong regulatory institutions, especially in the realm of banking and finance in post-financial crisis developing countries. This article uses an examination of the Turkish banking sector experience with the PWC in the aftermath of the 2001 financial crisis to show its considerable strengths and weaknesses. The authors argue that the emergent regulatory state in the bank-based financial system has a narrow focus on strengthening prudential regulation, whilst ignoring the increased ,financialization' of the Turkish economy. They identify the positive features of the new era of the PWC in terms of prudential regulation, which has become much more robust in its ability to withstand external shocks. At the same time, however, the article highlights some of the limitations of the new era which resemble the limitations of the PWC. These include the distributional impact of the regulatory reforms within the banking sector, and notably the emergence of foreign banks as the major beneficiaries of this process; weaknesses in promoting productive bank intermediation that finance the real economy and economic growth, leading to poverty reduction via growth of employment whilst stimulating financialization within the economy; and finally, the exclusive focus on prudential regulation, whilst ignoring regulatory costs, consumer protection and competition regulation. [source]


    Rethinking the Emerging Post-Washington Consensus

    DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2005
    Ziya Öni
    The objective of this article is to provide a critical assessment of the emerging Post-Washington Consensus (PWC), as the new influential vision in the development debate. The authors begin by tracing the main record of the Washington Consensus, the set of neoliberal economic policies propagated largely by key Bretton Woods institutions like the World Bank and the IMF, that penetrated into the economic policy agendas of many developing countries from the late 1970s onwards. They then outline the main tenets of the PWC, emerging from the shortcomings of that record and the reaction it created in the political realm. The authors accept that the PWC, in so far as it influences the actual practice of key Bretton Woods institutions, provides an improvement over the Washington Consensus. Yet, at the same time, they draw attention to the failure of the PWC, as reflected in current policy practice, to provide a sufficiently broad framework for dealing with key and pressing development issues such as income distribution, poverty and self-sustained growth. [source]


    Content validity of the expanded and revised Gross Motor Function Classification System

    DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 10 2008
    Robert J Palisano PT ScD
    The aim of this study was to validate the expanded and revised Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS-E&R) for children and youth with cerebral palsy using group consensus methods. Eighteen physical therapists participated in a nominal group technique to evaluate the draft version of a 12- to 18-year age band. Subsequently, 30 health professionals from seven countries participated in a Delphi survey to evaluate the revised 12- to 18-year and 6- to 12-year age bands. Consensus was defined as agreement with a question by at least 80% of participants. After round 3 of the Delphi survey, consensus was achieved for the clarity and accuracy of the descriptions for each level and the distinctions between levels for both the 12- to 18-year and 6- to 12-year age bands. Participants also agreed that the distinction between capability and performance and the concept that environmental and personal factors influence methods of mobility were useful for classification of gross motor function. The results provide evidence of content validity of the GMFCS-E&R. The GMFCS-E&R has utility for communication, clinical decision making, databases, registries, and clinical research. [source]


    Consensus meeting on reporting glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and estimated average glucose (eAG) in the UK: report to the National Director for Diabetes, Department of Health

    DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 4 2008
    J. H. Barth
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Developing Consensus in Emergency Medicine Information Technology

    ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 11 2004
    Jonathan A. Handler MD
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment effect concentrations for polychlorinated biphenyls,

    ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2000
    Donald D. MacDonald
    Abstract Sediment-quality guidelines (SQGs) have been published for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using both empirical and theoretical approaches. Empirically based guidelines have been developed using the screening-level concentration, effects range, effects level, and apparent effects threshold approaches. Theoretically based guidelines have been developed using the equilibrium-partitioning approach. Empirically-based guidelines were classified into three general categories, in accordance with their original narrative intents, and used to develop three consensus-based sediment effect concentrations (SECs) for total PCBs (tPCBs), including a threshold effect concentration, a midrange effect concentration, and an extreme effect concentration. Consensus-based SECs were derived because they estimate the central tendency of the published SQGs and, thus, reconcile the guidance values that have been derived using various approaches. Initially, consensus-based SECs for tPCBs were developed separately for freshwater sediments and for marine and estuarine sediments. Because the respective SECs were statistically similar, the underlying SQGs were subsequently merged and used to formulate more generally applicable SECs. The three consensus-based SECs were then evaluated for reliability using matching sediment chemistry and toxicity data from field studies, dose-response data from spiked-sediment toxicity tests, and SQGs derived from the equilibrium-partitioning approach. The results of this evaluation demonstrated that the consensus-based SECs can accurately predict both the presence and absence of toxicity in field-collected sediments. Importantly, the incidence of toxicity increases incrementally with increasing concentrations of tPCBs. Moreover, the consensus-based SECs are comparable to the chronic toxicity thresholds that have been estimated from dose-response data and equilibrium-partitioning models. Therefore, consensus-based SECs provide a unifying synthesis of existing SQGs, reflect causal rather than correlative effects, and accurately predict sediment toxicity in PCB-contaminated sediments. [source]


    REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF CONSENSUS-BASED DECISION MAKING IN CHILD WELFARE

    FAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 1 2009
    Bernie Mayer
    Consensus approaches to child protection decision making such as mediation and family group conferencing have become increasingly widespread since first initiated about 25 years ago. They address but are also constrained by paradoxes in the child protection system about commitments to protecting children and to family autonomy. In a series of surveys, interviews, and dialogues, mediation and conferencing researchers and practitioners discussed the key issues that face their work: clarity about purpose, system support, family empowerment, professional qualifications, and coordination among different types of consensus-building efforts. Consensus-based decision making in child protection will continue to expand and grow but will also continue to confront these challenges. [source]


    Elite Consensus as a Determinant of Alliance Cohesion: Why Public Opinion Hardly Matters for NATO-led Operations in Afghanistan

    FOREIGN POLICY ANALYSIS, Issue 3 2010
    Sarah Kreps
    Despite the increasing popularity of fighting wars through multilateral coalitions, scholars have largely been silent on the question of how public opinion in member states affects alliance cohesion. This article assesses public opinion data for states contributing to operations in Afghanistan. It finds that despite the unpopularity of the war, leaders have largely bucked public opinion and neither reduced nor withdrawn troops from NATO-led operations in Afghanistan. Theoretical expectations about international cooperation and evidence from case studies point to elite consensus as the reason why leaders are not running for the exits in Afghanistan when their publics would prefer that they do. As the article shows, operating through a formal institution such as NATO creates systemic incentives for sustained international cooperation. The result is that elite consensus inoculates leaders from electoral punishment and gives states' commitments to Afghanistan a "stickiness" that defies negative public opinion. A formal alliance such as NATO may therefore create more policy constraints than an ad hoc coalition but also increase the costs of defection and confer a degree of staying power that is unexpected given the adverse public opinion environment. [source]


    Pan-glacial,a third state in the climate system

    GEOLOGY TODAY, Issue 3 2009
    Paul F. Hoffman
    Radiative energy-balance models reveal that Earth could exist in any one of three discrete climate states,,non-glacial' (no continental ice-sheets), ,glacial-interglacial' (high-latitude ice-sheets) or ,pan-glacial' (ice-sheets at all latitudes),yet only the first two were represented in Phanerozoic time. There is mounting evidence that pan-glacial states existed at least twice in the Cryogenian (roughly 750,635 Ma), the penultimate period of the Neoproterozoic. Consensus is lacking on whether the world ocean was fully glaciated (,snowball' model) or largely unglaciated (,slushball' model). The first appearances of multicellular animal fossils (diapause eggs and embryos in China, and sponge-specific biomarkers in Oman), being closely associated with the last pan-glacial state, revive speculation that environmental forces had a hand in the origin of metazoa. [source]


    Developing indicators for measuring Research Capacity Development in primary care organizations: a consensus approach using a nominal group technique

    HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY, Issue 3 2009
    Gill Sarre LCST
    Abstract Research Capacity Development (RCD) in the National Health Service supports the production of evidence for decision-making in policy and practice. This study aimed to establish a level of consensus on a range of indicators to measure research capacity in primary care organizations. Indicators were developed in a two-stage process using workshops and modified nominal group technique. In 2005, workshops were used to generate possible indicators from a wide range of research active and research-interested people. A theoretical framework of six principles of RCD was used to explore and identify indicators. Data were thematically coded, and a 129-item, 9-point Likert scale questionnaire was developed. A purposive sample of nine experts in developing research capacity in primary care agreed to take part in a nominal group in April 2006. The questionnaire was circulated prior to the meeting, and analysis of the responses formed the basis for structured discussion. Participants were then asked to rescore the questionnaire. Only seven participants were able to take part in the discussion and rescore stages. Data were analysed in two ways: level of relevance attributed to each indicator as a measure of organizational RCD, represented by median responses (medians of 7,9 defined strong support, 4,6 indicated moderate support and 1,3 indicated weak support), and level of consensus reached by the group. Consensus was reached if 85% of the group rated an indicator within the same band. Eighty-nine (68%) indicators were ranked as strongly relevant, and for seventy-three of these indicators, a consensus was reached. The study was successful in generating a set of agreed indicators considered relevant for measuring RCD in primary care organizations. These will form the basis of a pilot tool kit to assist primary care organizations to develop research capacity. Further work will explore the applicability of the indicators in practice. [source]


    Different Helicobacter pylori Strains Colonize the Antral and Duodenal Mucosa of Duodenal Ulcer Patients

    HELICOBACTER, Issue 2 2000
    Ann-Catrin E. Thoreson
    Background. We have investigated the possibility that the same patients may be colonized by Helicobacter pylori strains of different genotypes or phenotypes in the antrum as compared to in the duodenum. The strains were typed for DNA fingerprints, different lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and Lewis antigen expression on the O,side chains of LPS. Materials and Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications using primer sequences (i.e., the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus [ERIC]) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) elements were performed to asses chromosomal DNA diversity between H. pylori strains. The expression of different LPS types and Lewis antigens in the various H. pylori isolates were determined by whole bacterial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using monoclonal antibodies. Results. Duodenal ulcer patients had different H. pylori genotypes in the duodenum as compared to in the antrum as shown by ERIC-PCR (44%) and by RAPD-PCR (75%). Different DNA patterns were found among the strains that were isolated from various regions of the duodenum in 4 of 16 patients (25%) as shown by ERIC-PCR and in 8 of 16 patients (50%) as shown by RAPD-PCR. Sixty-three percent of the duodenal ulcer patients had H. pylori strains with a different Lewis antigen phenotype in the duodenum as compared to in the antrum, and 3 of 16 patients (19%) had strains with different Lewis antigens expressed by strains from different duodenal biopsies from the same patient. Conclusion. The results suggest that a mixed population of different H. pylori strains with marked variation, both genotypically and phenotypically, colonize the same patient. [source]


    Telithromycin-associated hepatotoxicity: Clinical spectrum and causality assessment of 42 cases,

    HEPATOLOGY, Issue 1 2009
    Allen D. Brinker
    Telithromycin is the first of a new class of ketolide antibiotics with increased activity against penicillin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant pneumococci. This agent received approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 for treatment of upper and lower respiratory infections. Following market introduction, spontaneous reports of telithromycin-associated hepatotoxicity, including frank liver failure, were received. To address these reports, an ad hoc group with expertise in spontaneous adverse events reporting and experience in evaluating drug-induced liver injury was formed, including members of the FDA, other federal agencies, and academia. The primary objective of this group was to adjudicate case reports of hepatic toxicity for causal attribution to telithromycin. After an initial screening of all cases of liver injury associated with telithromycin reported to FDA as of April 2006 by one of the authors, 42 cases were comprehensively reviewed and adjudicated. Five cases included a severe outcome of either death (n = 4) or liver transplantation (n = 1); more than half were considered highly likely or probable in their causal association with telithromycin. Typical clinical features were: short latency (median, 10 days) and abrupt onset of fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice, sometimes with the presence of ascites even in cases that resolved. Concurrence in assignment of causality increased after agreement on definitions of categories and interactive discussions. Conclusion: Telithromycin is a rare cause of drug-induced liver injury that may have a distinctive clinical signature and associated high mortality rate. Consensus for attribution of liver injury to a selected drug exposure by individual experts can be aided by careful definition of terminology and discussion. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:250-257.) [source]


    Tenth Summit Meeting Consensus: Recommendations for Regulatory Approval for Hormonal Male Contraception

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, Issue 1 2007
    Article first published online: 26 JAN 200
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Sixth Summit Meeting Consensus: Recommendations for Regulatory Approval for Hormonal Male Contraception

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, Issue 6 2002
    Article first published online: 23 OCT 200
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Consensus between GCM climate change projections with empirical downscaling: precipitation downscaling over South Africa

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2006
    B. C. Hewitson
    Abstract This paper discusses issues that surround the development of empirical downscaling techniques as context for presenting a new approach based on self-organizing maps (SOMs). The technique is applied to the downscaling of daily precipitation over South Africa. SOMs are used to characterize the state of the atmosphere on a localized domain surrounding each target location on the basis of NCEP 6-hourly reanalysis data from 1979 to 2002, and using surface and 700-hPa u and v wind vectors, specific and relative humidities, and surface temperature. Each unique atmospheric state is associated with an observed precipitation probability density function (PDF). Future climate states are derived from three global climate models (GCMs): HadAM3, ECHAM4.5, CSIRO Mk2. In each case, the GCM data are mapped to the NCEP SOMs for each target location and a precipitation value is drawn at random from the associated precipitation PDF. The downscaling approach combines the advantages of a direct transfer function and a stochastic weather generator, and provides an indication of the strength of the regional versus stochastic forcing, as well as a measure of stationarity in the atmosphere,precipitation relationship. The methodology is applied to South Africa. The downscaling reveals a similarity in the projected climate change between the models. Each GCM projects similar changes in atmospheric state and they converge on a downscaled solution that points to increased summer rainfall in the interior and the eastern part of the country, and a decrease in winter rainfall in the Western Cape. The actual GCM precipitation projections from the three models show large areas of intermodel disagreement, suggesting that the model differences may be due to their precipitation parameterization schemes, rather than to basic disagreements in their projections of the changing atmospheric state over South Africa. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society. [source]


    Report of the international symposium: polycystic ovary syndrome: first Latin-American consensus

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 5 2010
    A. B. Motta
    Summary During the last years, numerous consensuses have been held in different countries in order to review the data concerning diagnosis and treatment and their relationship with the ethnic origin, social status and lifestyle of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). This study describes the conclusions concerning diagnostic criteria and the appropriate treatment of women with PCOS reached during the International Symposium Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, First Latin-American Consensus held in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 4th and 5th May 2009 to be applied in South American. [source]


    Identifying functional impairment with scores from the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS)

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 5 2010
    Valerie L. Hobson
    Abstract Objective To examine the link between RBANS scores and functional impairment. Functional status was evaluated through informant report using the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale. Methods Archival data were reviewed from records of 99 patients in a memory disorder clinic (MDC) research database. Consensus-based diagnoses were Alzheimer's disease (AD; n,=,48), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n,=,48), AD with vascular components; (n,=,2) and dementia due to psychiatric conditions (n,=,1). Results The RBANS language index score was significantly related to CDR domain scores of community affairs (p,<,.01), home and hobbies (p,<,.01), personal care (p,<,.05), memory (p,<,0.01), and judgment (p,<,0.01). RBANS immediate memory index scores were significantly related to (p,<,0.05) the CDR Memory and judgment and problem solving domains. Based on these findings, follow-up regressions were conducted. Semantic fluency was significantly related to CDR memory (p,<,0.01), judgment (p,<,0.05), community affairs (p,<,0.05), home/hobbies (p,<,0.05), and personal care (p,<,0.05) functional domains. Picture naming was significantly related to the CDR personal care domain (p,<,0.05). List learning was significantly related to CDR memory functional domain (p,<,0.01) and judgment (p,<,0.05). Lastly, story memory was significantly related to the CDR judgment domain (p,<,0.05). Conclusions The RBANS may be an indicator of functional impairment as well as a neuropsychological testing tool. The use of the RBANS could reduce the amount of testing that is administered to the patient, or can provide a way to compare other measurements of functional impairment to assess accuracy of findings. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


    Initial Validation of the Perioperative Nursing Data Set in Finland

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING TERMINOLOGIES AND CLASSIFICATION, Issue 2 2002
    Kristiina Junttilla MNSc
    PURPOSE. To explore the relevance of the Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS) in Finland. METHODS. A three-round Delphi technique (10 participants) and content analysis of 134 articles from the Journal of the Finnish Operating Room Nurses Association. FINDINCS. All the PNDS outcomes, 86% of the diagnoses, and 87% of the interventions were found to be relevant. The Delphi panel suggested, and content analysis revealed, 6 new outcomes, 43 new diagnoses, and 11 new interventions. Consensus was achieved on 77%. The phrases used in perioperative articles corresponded with those of PNDS 56%-78% of the time. CONCLUSIONS.PNDS can be used to describe perioperative nursing in Finland. Further conceptualization and validation are needed before using the data set in perioperative practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE. Although PNDS cannot be implemented in Finland as is, it is a valid structure for further development of the terminology, contents, methods, and practice of Finnish perioperative documentation. Première validation d'une base de données concernant les soins infirmiers périopératoires en Finlande BUT.Explorer la pertinence d'une base de données concernant les soins infirmiers périopératoires en Finlande. MÉTHODE.La méthode de Delphi à 3 tours (10 participants) et l'analyse de contenu de 134 articles publiés dans le Journal de l'Association Finlandaise des Infirmières de bloc opératoire. RÉSULTATS.Tous les résultats, 86% des diagnostics et 87% des interventions de la BDSIP se sont révélés pertinents. Le panel Delphi et l'analyse de contenu ont permis d'identifier 6 nouveaux résultats, 43 nouveaux diagnostics, et 11 nouvelles interventions. Le consensus a atteint 77%. Les phrases utilisées dans les articles sur les soins périopératoires correspondaient à l'ensemble de la BDSIP avec un écart de 56%-78%. CONCLUSIONS.La BDSIP peut être utilisée pour décrire les soins périopératoires en Finlande. II faut cependant poursuivre le processus de conceptualisation et de validation avant d'utiliser cette base de données dans le milieu clinique périopératoire. IMPLICATIONS POUR LA PRATIQUE. It Serait prématuré d'utiliser la BDSIP actuelle, en Finlande, mais elle constitue une structure valide pour développer la terminologie, les contenus, les méthodes et la pratique, tels qu'ils pourraient apparaître dans les dossiers des patients en périopératoire. Mots-clés:Base de données de soins infirmiers, dossiers, nomenclature, soins périopératoires ValidaçãTo Inicial do Conjunto de Dados de Enfermagem Perioperatória na Finlàndia OBJETIVO.Explorar a relevância do Conjunto de Dados de Enfermagem Perioperatória (PNDS) na Finlândia. MÉTODO.Técnica de Delphi em três rodadas (10 participantes) e análise de conteúdo de 134 artigos da Revista da AssociaçãTo Finlandesa de Enfermeiras de Centro Cirúrgico. ACHADOS.Todos os resultados esperados do PNDS, 86% dos diagnósticos e 87% das intervenções foram considerados relevantes. O painel Delphi sugeriu, e a análise de conteúdo revelou, 6 novos resultados esperados, 43 novos diagnósticos e 11 novas intervenções. Foi obtido consenso em 77%. As frases utilizadas em artigos perioperatórios corresponderam àquelas do PNDS de 56%-78% das vezes. CONCLUSÕTES.O PNDS pode ser utilizado para descrever a enfermagem perioperatória na Finlândia. É preciso ampliar a conceptualizaçãTo e validaçãTo antes de usar o conjunto de dados na prática perioperatória. IMPLICAÇÕTES PARA A PRÁTICA.Embora o PNDS não possa ser implementado na Finlândia como está, trata-se de uma estrutura válida para um maior desenvolvimento da terminologia, conteúdo, método e prática da documentaçõo perioperatória Finlandesa. Palavras para busca:Conjunto de dados de enfermagem, documentaçõo, enfermagem perioperatória, nomenclatura Validación Inicial del Conjunto Mínimo de Datos de la Enfermeria de Quirófano en Finlandia PROPÓSITO.Explorar la relevancia del Conjunto Mínimo de Datos de la Enfermería de Quirófano (PNDS) en Finlandia métodos. Una técnica Delphi a tres vueltas (10 participantes) y el análisis de contenido de 134 artículos de la Revista de la Asociación Finlandesa de Enfermeras de Quirófano. RESULTADOS.Todos los resultados del PNDS se encontraron relevantes el 86% de los diagnósticos y el 87% de las intervenciones. El panel Delphi sugirió, y el unúlisis de contenido reveló, seis nuevos resultados, 43 nuevos diagnósticos, y 11 nuevas intervenciones. El consenso general se logró en el 77%. Las frases utilizadas en los artículos, correspondieron con el PNDS en el 56%-78% de las ocasiones. CONCLUSIONES. El PNDS puede ser utilizado para describir la Enfermería de Quirófano en Finlandia. Conceptualización y validación posterior, son necesarias antes de usar el conjunto de datos en la práctica de quirófano. IMPLICACIONES PARA LA PRÁCTICA.Aunque el PNDS no puede llevarse a cabo en Finlandia tal como está, es una estructura válida para desarrollos posteriores de la terminología, contenidos, métodos y práctica de la documentación de quirófano finlandesa. Términos de búsqueda:Conjunto Mínimo de Datos de Enfermería, enfermería de quirófano, documentación, nomenclatura Search terms:Documentation, nomenclature, nursing data set, perioperative nursing [source]


    Report from the 1st Japanese Urological Association-Japanese Society of Medical Oncology joint conference, 2006: ,A step towards better collaboration between urologists and medical oncologists'

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 5 2007
    Hideyuki Akaza
    Abstract: The 1st Japanese Urological Association,Japanese Society of Medical Oncology Joint Conference, titled ,A step towards better collaboration between urologists and medical oncologists', was held to coincide with the 44th Meeting of the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology, Tokyo, in October 2006. The main theme of the conference addressed the need for a subspecialty of medical oncologist within urology to keep abreast of advances in medical oncology. Urologists should become more involved in the postoperative management of urologic cancer. Consensus on the optimal way to move forward in the treatment of urological cancer is needed. The conference featured eight lectures surveying the present status of uro-oncology in Europe, the USA, Korea, Singapore, and Japan; the relationship between surgical oncologists and medical oncologists; global trends and international clinical trials in uro-oncology; and the future of urologic oncology. These were followed by a general discussion titled ,Achieving better collaboration between the surgical oncologist and the medical oncologist.' This report presents a roundup of the 1st Japanese Urological Association,Japanese Society of Medical Oncology Joint Conference. [source]


    Interstitial cystitis, gynecologic pelvic pain, prostatitis, and their epidemiology

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 2003
    ANANIAS C. DIOKNO
    Abstract Aim: To determine a uniform definition of interstitial cystitis (IC) and to develop a strategy on how to study its epidemiology. Methods: Initially, the committee reviewed the literature regarding the definition of IC currently being used and information regarding its epidemiology. The committee held three 1-hour hearings and discussions on the opinions of invited IC specialists. The issues were presented and discussed. Consensus was sought when possible. The committee members met and summarized the gist of the three sessions. Results: A consensus emerged as to what constitutes IC. Interstitial cystitis must have the elements of chronic pelvic pain and urinary frequency and/or urgency. It was also the recommendation that the term IC be retained followed by chronic pelvic pain syndrome represented by the acronym IC/CPPS. A strategy on the epidemiologic study of IC/CPPS was also recommended. Conclusions: A consensus from this workshop has emerged in terms of defining the component of IC, the preferred terminology, and the strategy to study its epidemiology. [source]


    Using the worldwide web to improve children's pain care

    INTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 3 2005
    E. Bruce msc, bschons
    Aim:, This paper describes a three-year project, the aims of which were to disseminate information regarding the assessment and management of children's pain, to reach consensus on the essential elements of pain assessment for children and to track nurses' perceived changes in pain assessment and management practices in hospital settings over time. Background:, Despite the availability of research, guidelines and standards, paediatric nurses inconsistently practice evidence-based pain management. Project methods:, Nurses attending the 5th International Symposium on Paediatric Pain were invited to a workshop to discuss best practices and consider ways to share information regarding the assessment and management of children's pain. A website was designed and participants provided hospital guidelines, exchanged information via the Internet and completed periodic surveys. Conclusion:, Web-based resources were positively received. Consensus regarding the essential elements of pain management was achieved, but nurses identified organizational and resource restraints as barriers to achieving best practices. Surveys identified perceived increases in some hospital and ward level resources and activities to improve children's pain care. Sharing of information related to children's pain management and benchmarking of practice should be encouraged. Consensus building and networking may facilitate change, but organizational commitment is also required for successful implementation of new practices. [source]


    A New Social Security Reform Consensus?

    INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY REVIEW, Issue 1 2000
    The ISSA's Stockholm Initiative
    At a meeting of the ISSA Bureau in Stockholm in 1996, theInternational Social Security Association under the author's presidency launched what became known as the Stockholm Initiative, under the title "The social security reform debate: In search of a new consensus". The objective was to bring together the often contrasting views of national and international experts involved in the social security reform debate, in a first phase with particular regard to public pensions. A broad consensus emerged among specialists about the need to balance social goals and macroeconomic requirements when designing and implementing reforms. This article reviews the background to the Initiative, outlines its achievements and surveys the issues which need to be faced. [source]


    Exogenous Shocks or Endogenous Constructions?

    INTERNATIONAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2007
    Crises, The Meanings of Wars
    This symposium addresses the role of wars and crises as mechanisms of international change. Over the past two decades, the international system has undergone a number of remarkable transformations, from the end of the Cold War to the emergence of an ongoing "War on Terror," and from the collapse of statist development models to the emergence of a contested,if evolving,neoliberal "Washington Consensus." This volatility exceeds any underlying shifts in economic structures or the distribution of capabilities, and raises important questions regarding the roles of agency, uncertainty, and ideas in advancing change. In this introduction we examine the role of wars and economic crises as socially constructed openings for change. We attempt three things: to critique materialist approaches in the security and political economy issue areas, to outline the distinctive contribution that an agent-centered constructivist understanding of such events offers, and to offer a framework for the study of such events, one which highlights an expanded range of elite-mass interactions. [source]


    In Search of a Civilizational Consensus

    INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 2 2008
    Takashi Inoguchi
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Integrating Palliative Medicine into the Care of Persons with Advanced Dementia: Identifying Appropriate Medication Use

    JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 7 2008
    Holly M. Holmes MD
    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of developing consensus recommendations for appropriate prescribing for patients with advanced dementia using a new conceptual framework and to determine the frequency of inappropriate medication use based on these recommendations in a small sample of patients with advanced dementia. DESIGN: Medication data were obtained using chart review. Recommendations for appropriate prescribing were achieved using a modified Delphi consensus panel. SETTING: Three long-term care facilities. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-four patients with advanced dementia enrolled in the Palliative Excellence in Alzheimer Care Efforts Program were selected to evaluate medication use. Twelve geriatricians at the University of Chicago participated in the modified Delphi consensus panel. MEASUREMENTS: Prescription and over-the-counter medications were recorded for the 34 patients. Following the modified Delphi process, medications were characterized into one of four categories for use in palliative care patients with advanced dementia: never appropriate, rarely appropriate, sometimes appropriate, or always appropriate. RESULTS: Patients were taking an average of 6.5 medications at enrollment. Six patients were taking 10 or more medications daily. Consensus was reached ranking the appropriateness of 69 of 81 medication classes for patients with advanced dementia. Overall, 5% of the 221 medications prescribed at enrollment were considered to be never appropriate, and 10 of 34 patients (29%) had been taking a medication considered to be never appropriate. CONCLUSION: Based on these preliminary findings, consensus criteria for prescribing in advanced dementia are needed to decrease polypharmacy and reduce the use of medications that are of minimal benefit or high risk. [source]