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Concerted Application (concerted + application)
Selected AbstractsElucidating the higher-order structure of biopolymers by structural probing and mass spectrometry: MS3DJOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 8 2010Daniele Fabris Abstract Chemical probing represents a very versatile alternative for studying the structure and dynamics of substrates that are intractable by established high-resolution techniques. The implementation of MS-based strategies for the characterization of probing products has not only extended the range of applicability to virtually all types of biopolymers but has also paved the way for the introduction of new reagents that would not have been viable with traditional analytical platforms. As the availability of probing data is steadily increasing on the wings of the development of dedicated interpretation aids, powerful computational approaches have been explored to enable the effective utilization of such information to generate valid molecular models. This combination of factors has contributed to making the possibility of obtaining actual 3D structures by MS-based technologies (MS3D) a reality. Although approaches for achieving structure determination of unknown targets or assessing the dynamics of known structures may share similar reagents and development trajectories, they clearly involve distinctive experimental strategies, analytical concerns and interpretation paradigms. This Perspective offers a commentary on methods aimed at obtaining distance constraints for the modeling of full-fledged structures while highlighting common elements, salient distinctions and complementary capabilities exhibited by methods used in dynamics studies. We discuss critical factors to be addressed for completing effective structural determinations and expose possible pitfalls of chemical methods. We survey programs developed for facilitating the interpretation of experimental data and discuss possible computational strategies for translating sparse spatial constraints into all-atom models. Examples are provided to illustrate how the concerted application of very diverse probing techniques can lead to the solution of actual biological systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Complete 1H and 13C NMR spectral assignment of ,- and ,-adenosine, 2,-deoxyadenosine and their acetate derivativesMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, Issue 9 2007P. Ciuffreda Abstract 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts of ,- and ,-anomers of adenosine, 2,-deoxyadenosine and their acetate derivatives were completely and definitely assigned using the concerted application of one- and two-dimensional experiments (gCOSY, gNOESY, gHSQC and gHMBC). The influence of the stereochemistry of the purine base on the NMR data of the hydrogen and carbon atoms of the furanose moiety was estimated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] 1H and 13C chemical shifts for some tetrasubstituted 2,5-diaryl di- and tetrahydrofuran derivativesMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2007S. Martinet Abstract The 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts of four 2,5-diaryltetrahydrofuran derivatives and their dihydro precursors were assigned completely with certainty using a concerted application of one- and two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, gs-COSY, gs-HMQC and gs-HMBC) Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Analysis of the adverse reactions induced by natural product-derived drugsBRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 7 2010Zhi-Ping Zeng Compared with the therapeutic effects of established medicinal drugs, it is often considered that natural product-derived drugs are of a more benign nature in side-effects, which has made natural medicines become a popular form of therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is generally considered as being natural and harmless. TCM has been paid much more attention than before and widely used for the treatment nowadays. However, with the increasing cases of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the ADRs induced by TCM are becoming more widely recognized. Some ADRs are sometimes even life-threatening. This article reviews literatures on ADRs induced by TCM which was published in the past 10 years. A total of 3122 cases including complete data are selected for the present analysis. From the data of the 3122 cases, statistics is carried out to the distribution of administration routes and time of the occurrence of ADRs, the prognosis of ADRs, sex and age factors, types and clinical symptoms of ADRs, and drugs involved in ADRs. In addition, occurrence and influencing factors of TCM-induced diseases are also analysed, which includes spices confusion, processing drugs improperly, toxic components, long-term medication, improper concerted application, interaction of TCM and Western medicine. It is concluded that the efficacy and toxicity of TCM, often using the compound prescription involving various plants and animals, resulted from a variety of chemical constituents, which lead to a comprehensive response in the human body. The ,toxicity' of TCM should be correctly recognized and reasonably utilized. [source] | ||||||||||