			Home About us Contact

Congenital Lesions (congenital + lesion)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	83%

Selected Abstracts

Lower genital tract lesions requiring surgical intervention in girls: Perspective from a developing country

JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 10 2009
Sebastian O Ekenze
Aim: To determine the spectrum, outcome of treatment and the challenges of managing surgical lesions of lower genital tract in girls in a low-resource setting. Method: Retrospective study of 87 girls aged 13-years and younger, with lower genital tract lesions managed between February 2002 and January 2007 at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, southeastern Nigeria. Clinical charts were reviewed to determine the types, management, outcome of treatment and management difficulties. Results: The median age at presentation was 1 year (range 2 days,13 years). Congenital lesions comprised 67.8% and acquired lesions 32.2%. The lesions included: masculinised external genitalia (24), vestibular fistula from anorectal malformation (23), post-circumcision labial fusion (12), post-circumcision vulval cyst (6), low vaginal malformations (6), labial adhesion (5), cloacal malformation (3), bifid clitoris (3) urethral prolapse (3), and acquired rectovaginal fistula (2). Seventy-eight (89.7%) had operative treatment. Procedure related complications occurred in 19 cases (24.4%) and consisted of surgical wound infection (13 cases), labial adhesion (4 cases) and urinary retention (2 cases). There was no mortality. Overall, 14 (16.1%) abandoned treatment at one stage or another. Challenges encountered in management were inadequate diagnostic facilities, poor multidisciplinary collaboration and poor patient follow up. Conclusion: There is a wide spectrum of lower genital lesion among girls in our setting. Treatment of these lesions may be challenging, but the outcome in most cases is good. High incidence of post-circumcision complications and poor treatment compliance may require more efforts at public enlightenment. [source]

Longstanding malformation of right sided pinna in an elderly man

CONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 1 2010
Deeke Yolmo
ABSTRACT The pinna is the second most common site for external ear vascular malformation in the head and neck. These malformations are relatively uncommon in adults and can pose difficult therapeutic challenges. We hereby present a case of a 69-year-old man with a congenital lesion in the right pinna consistent with an arteriovenous malformation. The lesion was complicated by ulceration and bleeding for 6 months prior to presentation. Resection of pinna was carried out, and satisfactory functional and esthetic results were obtained. There was no recurrence at 22 months of regular follow up. [source]

The role of epilepsy in early language development in a child with a congenital lesion in the right hemisphere

DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 11 2008
C Mayor-Dubois MA
Early epilepsy is known to worsen the developmental prognosis of young children with a congenital focal brain lesion, but its direct role is often very difficult to delineate from the other variables. This requires prolonged periods of follow-up with simultaneous serial electrophysiological and developmental assessments which are rarely obtained. We studied a male infant with a right prenatal infarct in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery resulting in a left spastic hemiparesis, and an epileptic disorder (infantile spasms with transient right hemihypsarrhythmia and focal seizures) from the age of 7 months until the age of 4 years. Pregnancy and delivery were normal. A dissociated delay of early language acquisition affecting mainly comprehension without any autistic features was documented. This delay was much more severe than usually expected in children with early focal lesions, and its evolution, with catch-up to normal, was correlated with the active phase of the epilepsy. We postulate that the epilepsy specifically amplified a pattern of delayed language emergence, mainly affecting lexical comprehension, reported in children with early right hemisphere damage. [source]

Practical Assessment of Maternal Cardiovascular Risk in Pregnancy

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Issue 5 2008
Nazanin Moghbeli MD
ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is the most common cause of maternal mortality in the developed world and an important cause of heart failure, stroke, and arrhythmia. As more children with congenital heart disease survive into adulthood, there is a more pressing need to understand the risks that pregnancy poses for these women. Pregnancy, labor, and delivery increase the hemodynamic stress on the cardiovascular system and place women with heart disease at increased risk of cardiovascular complications, which include heart failure and death. Systematic assessment of pregnancy risk in these women, ideally before conception, is essential in optimizing maternal and fetal outcomes. This article describes the process of assessing risk of pregnancy-associated cardiovascular complications in women with structural heart disease. We review the current literature on pregnancy risk in women with complex congenital lesions, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and aortopathy, and suggest an approach to risk stratification. Based on a review of the literature, we report features that pose an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, which include poor maternal functional status; prior history of heart failure, arrhythmia, or cerebral vascular events; cyanosis; poor systemic ventricular function; and severe aortic or mitral stenosis. Pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome place women at exceedingly high risk for cardiovascular complications in pregnancy, including maternal and fetal death. [source]

Benign cysts in the central nervous system: Neuropathological observations of the cyst walls

NEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
Asao Hirano
A diverse variety of benign cysts exist in the CNS. Advances in diagnostic radiology have facilitated diagnoses and surgical intervention in many patients with CNS cysts. However, a fundamental understanding of the pathological features of these lesions is clinically vital. From an etiological point of view, the cysts can be divided into two groups. The first includes lesions that arise from within the CNS and may be static structures such as cavities arising from infarcts and other destructive processes while other lesions such as arachnoid cysts, ependymal cysts, cystic hemangioblastoma, cystic cerebellar astrocytoma and infectious processes, are progressive. The second group of cysts arise from the intrusion of non-nervous system tissue into the neuroaxis and are usually midline. They are frequently expanding congenital lesions although some become symptomatic only in adults. Examples include teratomas, dermoid cysts, epidermoid cysts, craniopharyngiomas, Rathke's cleft cysts, and other epithelial cysts presumably derived from the upper respiratory or intestinal tract. Chick embryos exposed to lead have been used as a model of cyst formation. [source]

Hereditary benign telangiectasia: image analysis of hitherto unknown association with arteriovenous malformation

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2001
Y. Onishi
We report 10 patients with hereditary benign telangiectasia (HBT), in whom the age ranged from 1 to 19 years (mean 7·5). The male/female ratio was 1 : 2·3 (3 : 7). Four patients (40%) had congenital lesions. Image analysis with Doppler echogram, angiography and thermography revealed an arterial component in the lesions, consistent with arteriovenous malformation (AVM). This is the first report of HBT in association with AVM. [source]