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Complications Leading (complications + leading)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

HEALTH-RELATED FUNCTIONALITY OF PHENOLIC-ENRICHED PEA SPROUTS IN RELATION TO DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT

JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2008
ELIZABETH BURGUIERES
ABSTRACT The rationale for this investigation is that phenolic content in light-modulated pea seedlings could be enhanced by exogenous elicitors with antioxidant potential such as folic acid and vitamin C. Such phenolic-enriched extracts may have health benefits to consumers. The antioxidant-linked functional attributes of the phenolic-enriched extracts were evaluated for potential health-related benefits. Specifically, effectiveness in inhibiting ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase in relation to hyperglycemia (linked to diabetes management), as well as inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE I), in relation to hypertension, was evaluated. The results show that phenolic-enriched extracts had the ability to inhibit ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase activity. On the day with the highest total phenolic content, day 8, inhibition of ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase was most prominent. Further, the same extracts showed positive benefits for potential hypertension management reflected in the inhibition of ACE I. These results taken together indicated that light-sprouted pea seedling extracts when incorporated into the diet could contribute to potential management of hyperglycemia linked to diabetes and hypertension related to cardiovascular risk. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS In this in vitro study results show the positive effect of the different phenolic-enriched pea sprouts on hyperglycemia risk factors. It is clear that phenolic-enriched pea sprouts have high antioxidant activity, ACE 1 inhibitory activity and also good inhibitory activity on carbohydrate-modulating enzyme such as alpha-glucosidase related to glucose absorption in the intestine. The potential for managing both glucose absorption and cellular redox dysfunction for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia linked to type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced vascular complications leading to hypertension can be designed in part through food systems and therefore provides the rationale basis for further clinical studies. This strategy can be further extended to enhance phenolic-linked health benefits of a wide variety of legumes, fruits and vegetables and therefore can be the basis for food ingredient design for functional food applications. [source]

Cardiopulmonary complications leading to premature deaths in adult patients with sickle cell disease

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Courtney D. Fitzhugh
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with early mortality. We sought to determine the incidence, cause, and risk factors for death in an adult population of patients with SCD. All patients aged ,18 years seen at the Adult Sickle Cell Center at Duke University Medical Center between January 2000 and April 2005 were enrolled. Forty-three patients (21 males and 22 females) died during the study period. The median age of survival was 39 years for females (95% CI: 34,56), 40 years for males (95% CI: 34,48), and 40 years overall (95% CI: 35,48). Cardiac causes of death accounted for 25.6% (11/43 patients); pulmonary, 14.0% (six patients); other SCD related, 32.6% (14 patients); unknown, 14.0% (six patients); and others, 14.0% (six patients). Pulseless electrical activity arrest, pulmonary emboli, multiorgan failure, and stroke were the most frequent causes of death. Among the deceased patients, the most common premorbid conditions were cardiopulmonary: acute chest syndrome/pneumonia (58.1%), Pulmonary hypertension (pHTN; 41.9%), systemic HTN (25.6%), congestive heart failure (25.6%), myocardial infarction (20.9%), and arrhythmias (14.0%). Tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity was significantly higher (3.1 m/sec vs. 2.6 m/sec, P < 0.001) and hemoglobin significantly lower (8.3 g/dL vs. 9.2 g/dL, P < 0.05) in deceased patients when compared with patients who lived, respectively. With improved preventive and therapeutic advances, including hydroxyurea therapy, acute complications such as infection are no longer the leading cause of death; instead, causes of death and premorbid conditions are shifting to chronic cardiopulmonary complications. Further, arrhythmia leading to premature death is under-recognized in SCD and warrants further investigation. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Previous induced abortions and the risk of very preterm delivery: results of the EPIPAGE study

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
Caroline Moreau
Objectives To evaluate the risk of very preterm birth (22,32 weeks of gestation) associated with previous induced abortion according to the complications leading to very preterm delivery in singletons. Design Multicentre, case-control study (the French EPIPAGE study). Setting Regionally defined population of births in France. Sample The sample consisted of 1943 very preterm live-born singletons (<33 weeks of gestation), 276 moderate preterm live-born singletons (33,34 weeks) and 618 unmatched full-term controls (39,40 weeks). Methods Data from the EPIPAGE study were analysed using polytomous logistic regression models to control for social and demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits during pregnancy and obstetric history. The main mechanisms of preterm delivery were classified as gestational hypertension, antepartum haemorrhage, fetal growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, idiopathic preterm labor and other causes. Main outcome measures Odds ratios for very preterm birth by gestational age and by pregnancy complications leading to preterm delivery associated with a history of induced abortion. Results Women with a history of induced abortion were at higher risk of very preterm delivery than those with no such history (OR + 1.5, 95% CI 1.1,2.0); the risk was even higher for extremely preterm deliveries (<28 weeks). The association between previous induced abortion and very preterm delivery varied according to the main complications leading to very preterm delivery. A history of induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of premature rupture of the membranes, antepartum haemorrhage (not in association with hypertension) and idiopathic spontaneous preterm labour that occur at very small gestational ages (<28 weeks). Conversely, no association was found between induced abortion and very preterm delivery due to hypertension. Conclusion Previous induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of very preterm delivery. The strength of the association increased with decreasing gestational age. [source]