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Compliance Issues (compliance + issues)
Selected AbstractsThe efficacy of a protective cream in a real-world apprentice hairdresser environmentCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 3 2001D. Perrenoud The object of this study was to compare the protective action of a new barrier cream (Excipial Protect®, Spirig Pharma AG, Egerkingen, Switzerland) to its vehicle in the context of hand irritation of apprentice hairdressers caused by repeated shampooing and exposure to hair-care products. This was a double-blind cross-over comparing Excipial Protect® (containing aluminium chlorohydrate 5% as active ingredient) against its vehicle alone. The efficacy of the creams was evaluated taking into account: (1) clinical scores by researchers, (2) biometric measurements, (3) subjective opinions of the subjects. An analysis of variance was performed considering order of application, degree of atopy, and reported number of shampoos. We observed very little difference in efficacy between the protective cream and its vehicle. The presence, however, of aluminium chlorhydrate in the protective cream was shown to have a positive effect against work-related irritation. The cosmetic qualities of the creams seemed, to the participants, to be as important as their real protective and hydrating properties, an important factor in compliance issues. [source] Predictors of medication compliance among older heart failure patientsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OLDER PEOPLE NURSING, Issue 4 2007Krystyna Cholowski PhD Aim. To examine relationships between psycho-social and patho-physiological measures in explaining medication compliance in older heart failure (HF) patients. Background. Self-efficacy is a predictor not only of medication compliance, but also health recovery. How older HF patients conceptualize and manage this life-threatening event is central to ongoing rehabilitation. Regulating ongoing medical and lifestyle changes in the rehabilitation process requires that any underlying negative affect be productively managed by the use of appropriate coping strategies. Method. Using an exploratory correlational design, 51 older HF patients were asked to complete the Beck Depression Inventory, Beliefs about Medication and Diet Questionnaire, Reactions to Daily Events Questionnaire and Self-regulation scale. A self-report measure of medication compliance was obtained as part of a semi-structured interview. The study was conducted in 2003,2004. Results. Using descriptive statistics, patho-physiological and psychosocial characteristics were given. Independent t -tests were used to assess the gender effects. Pairwise correlations were used to examine the relationships between presenting circumstances, psychosocial characteristics, medication compliance beliefs and self-reported medication compliance behaviours. All positive coping strategies and self-regulation were associated with positive intentions in medication compliance. Males were more inclined towards proactive coping and self-regulatory strategies than were females. Increased depressive symptoms were linked to carelessness in compliance. A belief in medication compliance was associated with a reduced likelihood of carelessness Conclusion. Bandura's three conditions for agency in rehabilitation, self-efficacy and goal-directed intention appeared to be important even in the early phase of the programme. Positive coping strategies and self-regulation suggests a positive basis for medication compliance and more successful ongoing rehabilitation for older HF patients. We identify a significantly enhanced educative role for nurses in this context. Relevance to clinical practice. We suggest that nurses dealing with compliance issues among older patients need to monitor behaviour through addressing both the quality of affect during the patient's response to HF (self-concept, -esteem and -efficacy) as well as the quality of health-related metacognitive knowledge underlying the self-regulatory decisions (such as the patients conceptions of ,wellness' and the strategic knowledge underpinning its achievement and maintenance). [source] Repeat dispensing of prescriptions in community pharmacies: a systematic review of the UK literatureINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, Issue 1 2006Charles W. Morecroft Research associate Objective To identify, review and evaluate the published literature that focused on the impact of repeat dispensing in community pharmacies in the United Kingdom. Method Electronic databases (e.g. Medline, Embase and CINAHL) were searched from 1992 to May 2005. This was supplemented by searching PJ-online, IJPP online conference abstracts and the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Analysis of the findings explored the quality of the assessed papers, stakeholders' perceptions of repeat dispensing, the impact on professional relationships and workload, quality of care and prescription cost savings. Key findings Four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and one before-and-after study were identified; most studies also incorporated a qualitative component. The findings indicated that patients' satisfaction with repeat dispensing was high, mainly as the service was seen as more convenient and time saving. While pharmacists considered that their relationship with patients had improved, one study found that patients did not necessarily agree and considered that pharmacists still remained in their dispensaries. Quality of care was considered in two RCTs, which indicated that more adverse reactions and compliance issues were identified in the intervention group. However, no direct comparisons were reported in differences in rates between intervention and control groups. Likewise, it was not possible to determine if any of the reported cost savings were solely attributable to repeat dispensing, as direct comparisons between groups were not reported. Conclusions Definitive conclusions about the effectiveness and impact of repeat dispensing are difficult to draw given a lack of transparency and systematicity when reporting these studies. Nevertheless, the findings suggest that there are high levels of patient satisfaction with the service. Likewise, it was not possible to draw conclusions about the possible savings on the NHS drug budget. Important policy decisions are being made about the implementation of repeat dispensing; however they are currently been made in a vacuum of adequate information. [source] Nurse Practitioner Student Prescriptive PatternsJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 1 2000CS-FNP M, Susan A. Fontana PhD ABSTRACT As employment of nurse practitioners (NPs) increases in health care systems, there is a need to have current data on their prescribing practices and patterns, and to implement a system for updating such data. This study reports prescriptive data based upon 10,421 primary care visits conducted by 55 family NP students over a 15-month period in 1997 and 1998. Numbers of over-the-counter drugs taken regularly, prescription drugs currently prescribed and prescription drugs prescribed or refilled at the visit were recorded in addition to types of drugs, compliance issues, diagnoses rendered and socio-demographic information. Individual student data were aggregated and analyzed using Epi Info (Epidimiology Program Office of the Centers for Disease Control) and SPSS-PC®. Results identified that: 1) the majority of patient visits involved the prescription of 1-2 drugs (88%); 2) major compliance issues included financial concerns, knowledge deficits, and complexity/demands of treatment; 3) commonly rendered diagnoses at drug visits for chronic conditions were hypertension and diabetes; for acute conditions, otitis sinusitis and upper respiratory infections; 4) anti-microbial agents, drugs used for relief of pain, and cardiovascular drugs account for 60% of drug mentions; and 5) the numbers of drugs prescribed or refilled at visits were similar by type of preceptor, except fewer single drugs were prescribed or refilled at visits supervised by nurse preceptors. Findings are discussed relative to deepening the understanding of advanced practice nursing education and the prescribing practices of NP students and their preceptors. [source] The use of silicon gel for treating children's burn scars in Saudi Arabia: a case studyOCCUPATIONAL THERAPY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2002Cary A. Brown Lecturer Abstract This case study is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of silicon gel as an important option in burn scar treatment and to provide treatment guidelines that address cultural, clinical and patient compliance issues in Saudi Arabia. The case study involves an 18-month-old child whose burn scar was treated for a period of 15 months with silicon gel. The Vancouver Burn Scar Scale assessment (Baryza and Baryza, 1995), used to track progress across the duration of treatment, reflected an improvement in the scar as the composite score changed from 9 to 2. Strategies for problem solving and addressing needs unique to the environment of Saudi Arabia were also developed over the treatment period. The findings of this case study indicate that silicon gel may be a superior treatment option under certain circumstances. Further research with a wider sample is indicated, given the high incidence of childhood burn injuries in Saudi Arabia. Copyright © 2002 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source] Implementation of electronic signatures and records in a clinical CRO: A case studyQUALITY ASSURANCE JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002Graham D. Ogg Abstract Implementation of electronic signatures and records incurs special problems in a specialist Phase I clinical unit where rapid communication, rapid reporting, compliance with applicable regulations and high quality are of paramount importance. Both the business needs and the regulatory compliance issues must be considered in any possible solutions and thus some form of authentication of records and communications is required. In our facility, the requirements of 21 CFR Part 11 did not go far enough regarding authentication and were difficult to implement by medical staff collecting data. Biometric authentication of data entry and encryption of communications appeared to be the best solutions. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Current challenges for FDA-regulated bioanalytical laboratories for human (BA/BE) studies.QUALITY ASSURANCE JOURNAL, Issue 1 2007FDA GMP to bioanalytical laboratories, Part I: defining the appropriate compliance standards, application of the principles of FDA GLP Abstract This article is the first of a three-part series that deals with current compliance issues/challenges for bioanalytical laboratories performing analysis for bioavailability/bioequivalence studies. Part 1 of this series provides the application of key elements from the Food and Drug Administration Good Laboratory Practices and the current Good Manufacturing Practices regulations as the framework for the implementation of sound quality systems in a bioanalytical laboratory to be in compliance with current regulatory expectations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||