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Complex Forms (complex + form)
Selected AbstractsRearrangement of a (Dithiolato)platinum(II) Complex Formed by Reaction of Cyclic Disulfide 7,8-Dithiabicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4-diene with a Platinum(0) Complex: Oxidation of the Rearranged (Dithiolato)platinum(II) ComplexCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 15 2007Akihiko Ishii Prof. Abstract Reaction of the title bicyclic disulfide 16 with [(Ph3P)2Pt(,2 -C2H4)] (2) yielded the corresponding (dithiolato)platinum(II) complex 17 by oxidative addition. The initial product 17 isomerized at room temperature in a [1,5]-sulfur rearrangement to give another (dithiolato)platinum(II) complex 18 in high isolated yield. Oxidation reactions of 18 with dimethyldioxirane (DMD) provided (sulfenato-thiolato)platinum(II) 23, (sulfinato-thiolato)platinum(II) 24, (sulfenato-sulfinato)platinum(II) 25, and (disulfinato)platinum(II) 26 complexes, the structures of which were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The oxidation process took place regioselectively in the first step and chemoselectively in the second. The selectivities are discussed. [source] Preparation, Structural Characterization and Luminescent Property of Binuclear Silver (I) Complex Formed by Benzotriazole and 1-Hydroxymethyl BenzotriazoleCHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, Issue 9 2002Qing-Xiang Liu Abstract Dinuclear silver (I) six-membered ring complex [Ag2 (bta)2 -(hmbta)2] (ClO4)2 (3) has been synthesized by the reaction of benzotriazole (bta) (1) and 1-hydroxymethyl benzotriazole (hmbta) (2) with Ag (CH3CN)4ClO4. The structures of compound 2 and Complex 3 have been studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The change of luminescent intensity of 1, 2 and 3 was reported. Compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group P2 (1)/c, a = 0.7655 (10) nm, b = 1.0126 (14) nm, c =0.9502 (13) nm, , = 95.07 (2)°, V = 0.7337 (17) nm3 and Z = 4. Complex 3 crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group P1, a = 0.73611 (18) nm, b = 0.9152 (2) nm, c = 1.2277 (3) nm, , = 87.170 (5)°, V = 0.8221 (3) nm3 and Z = 1. The main structural feature of complex 3 is a symmetric dinuclear six-membered ring formed by two silver (I) atoms and four N-atoms from two benzotriazoles. The second structural feature of complex 3 is the ,-, stacking interaction between two adjacent molecular planes, which forms the two-dimentional layer structure. Besides, compared with 2, the luminescent intensity of complex 3 shows a remarkable enhancement. [source] Screening of ARHSP-TCC patients expands the spectrum of SPG11 mutations and includes a large scale gene deletion,HUMAN MUTATION, Issue 3 2009Paola S. Denora Abstract Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia with thinning of corpus callosum (ARHSP-TCC) is a complex form of HSP initially described in Japan but subsequently reported to have a worldwide distribution with a particular high frequency in multiple families from the Mediterranean basin. We recently showed that ARHSP-TCC is commonly associated with mutations in SPG11/KIAA1840 on chromosome 15q. We have now screened a collection of new patients mainly originating from Italy and Brazil, in order to further ascertain the spectrum of mutations in SPG11, enlarge the ethnic origin of SPG11 patients, determine the relative frequency at the level of single Countries (i.e., Italy), and establish whether there is one or more common mutation. In 25 index cases we identified 32 mutations; 22 are novel, including 9 nonsense, 3 small deletions, 4 insertions, 1 in/del, 1 small duplication, 1 missense, 2 splice-site, and for the first time a large genomic rearrangement. This brings the total number of SPG11 mutated patients in the SPATAX collection to 111 cases in 44 families and in 17 isolated cases, from 16 Countries, all assessed using homogeneous clinical criteria. While expanding the spectrum of mutations in SPG11, this larger series also corroborated the notion that even within apparently homogeneous population a molecular diagnosis cannot be achieved without full gene sequencing. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cover Picture: Acceleration of Calcite Kinetics by Abalone Nacre Proteins (Adv. Mater.ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 22 200522/2005) Abstract Abalone utilizes a system of macromolecular matrices and soluble proteins to produce beautiful and mechanically robust shells. The cover shows work by Qiu and co-workers reported on p.,2678, in which AP8 proteins isolated from the shell of red abalone are shown to alter the growth of calcite both by accelerating the rate and modifying the shape from the simple rhombohedra seen in the upper left of the scheme to the more complex form seem in the lower right. The changes are made manifest at an atomic scale through alterations in the growth speed and shape of the atomic steps that form the growth hillocks (background). [source] Autopsy case of thanatophoric dysplasia: Observations on the serial sections of the brainNEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2001Katsuyuki Yamaguchi The neuropathological findings in an autopsy case of thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) with serial sections of the brain are described here. This patient was a female infant, born at 33 weeks gestation, who died on day 1. Skeletal anomalies, consisting of short limbs, a small thorax, short ribs, thick cortical vertebral body substance and sternum substance, and hypoplastic lungs, were compatible with typical phenotypic features of TD. The brain weighed 370 g, showing a cloverleaf megalencephaly. A computerized 3-D reconstruction technique visualized clearly abnormal deep sulci arranged perpendicular to the neuraxis on the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, and peculiar configurational changes of the lateral ventricle. In particular, the inferior horn showed an unusual complex form. Dysgenetic changes were largely located in the anterior temporal lobe as follows: cortical polymicrogyria; leptomeningeal heterotopia with discontinuity of the subpial basement membrane; serpentine arrangement of pyramidal cells of the cornu ammonis (CA)1 of the hippocampus; hypoplastic dentate gyrus; hyperplasia of the amygdaloid body; and heterotopic nodules of neuroblasts or glioblasts in the periventricular white matter. Apart from the temporal lobe, the cerebral pia mater showed unusual fusion of two facing sheets in a sulcus and ectopia of nerve cells, and the cerebellar vermis was small. The findings observed here indicate that overgrowth and lack of growth can coexist in the TD brain, suggesting that some interaction(s) between the mesenchyme and the nervous tissue may play a role in normal differentiation of these two cell lines. [source] Incorporation of an invasive objectTHE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, Issue 6 2004PAUL WILLIAMS The author discusses the experience of ,being invaded' that is sometimes communicated by certain severely disturbed patients. The complaint can sometimes be couched in terms of bodily suffering and such patients may state that they have the experience of a ,foreign body' inside. It is suggested that these patients have suffered severe early failure of containment of their projections, while at the same time they have incorporated primitive characteristics of the object that have been powerfully projected into them. An object that invades in this way, it is suggested, experiences a compulsive need to expel unbearable states of mind using others as a repository. The infant incorporates these violent projections as part of his own mental representational system, and normal identifi cation processes are disrupted. There follows impairment of the development of the sense of self. Clinical examples of how the invasive experience manifests itself in the analytic setting and in the transference and countertransference are presented. It is argued that this highly complex form of early subject-object interaction (prior to the differentiation of psyche-soma) is more likely to be found in severely narcissistically disturbed individuals. Some refl ections on the origins of invasive phenomena are given. [source] Testing hypotheses of speciation in the Plethodon jordani species complex with allozymes and mitochondrial DNA sequencesBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 1 2006DAVID W. WEISROCK Salamander populations of the Plethodon jordani species complex form a challenging system for applying the general lineage concept of species to diagnose population-level lineages. The present study reports and analyses mitochondrial-DNA haplotypes (,1200 nucleotide bases from the genes encoding ND2, tRNATrp, and tRNAAla from 438 salamanders) from 100 populations representing six species of the P. jordani complex (Plethodon amplus, Plethodon cheoah, Plethodon jordani, Plethodon meridianus, Plethodon metcalfi, and Plethodon montanus) with comparative analyses of previously published allozymic data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of this group and to diagnose species lineages. Analyses of mitochondrial haplotypic data include nested-cladistic analysis of phylogeography, analysis of molecular variance, hierarchical analysis of nucleotide-diversity measures, and likelihood-based estimates of recent temporal changes in population size. New analyses of allozymic data include multidimensional scaling and principal component analyses, and both data sets are analysed and compared for congruent genetic structure using Mantel correlation tests. These analyses in combination identify the six named species as distinct evolutionary lineages despite sporadic genetic exchanges among them and some discordance between mitochondrial DNA and allozymic markers. Sexual isolation is not complete for any pair of these six species, but they replace each other geographically and appear to block the geographical spreading of their neighbours. The P. jordani complex is a strong study system for investigating the genetic and ecological processes responsible for vicariant speciation. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2006, 89, 25,51. [source] Vesicles to Concentrate Iron in Low-Iron Media: An Attempt to Mimic Marine SiderophoresCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 12 2008Lucie Bednarova Dr. Abstract Amphiphilic catechol-type iron chelators were studied with the aim of mimicking the properties of marine bacterial siderophores. The FeIII complexation constants and aqueous solution speciation of LS10, a sulfonated catechol unit that has a C10 lipophilic carbon chain connected by an amide linkage, were determined by spectrophotometric titration. The calculated value of pFe3+ is 18.1 at pH,7.4. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy showed that the tris(catecholate) ferric complex formed at physiological pH initially assembles into micelles, in which the catecholate,iron units stay on the exterior of the micelle. The average diameter of these micelles was estimated to be 4.2,nm. The micelles then slowly rearrange into clusters of different sizes, which leads to the formation of unilamellar and bilamellar vesicles. The reorganization processes are comparable to those observed by Butler et al. for the marinobactin siderophores produced by marine bacteria, but in contrast to the marinobactins, vesicles of the Fe3+,LS10 complex form without an excess of iron relative to ligand concentration. The time-dependent micelle-to-vesicle transition is discussed herein. [source] Actin-like protein 1 (ALP1) is a component of dynamic, high molecular weight complexes in Toxoplasma gondii,CYTOSKELETON, Issue 1 2010Jennifer L. Gordon Abstract Apicomplexan parasites, such as Toxoplasma gondii, rely on actin-based motility for cell invasion, yet conventional actin does not appear to be required for cell division in these parasites. Apicomplexans also contain a variety of actin-related proteins (Arps); however, most of these not directly orthologous to Arps in well-studied systems. We recently identified an apicomplexan-specific member of this family called Actin-Like Protein 1, (ALP1), which plays a role in the assembly of vesicular components recruited to the inner membrane complex (IMC) of daughter cells during cell division. In addition to its enrichment at daughter cell membranes, ALP1 is localized throughout the cytoplasm both diffusely distributed and concentrated in clusters that are detected by fluorescence microscopy, suggesting it forms complexes. Using quantitative optical imaging methods, including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP), we demonstrated that ALP1 is a component of a large complex, and that it readily exchanges between diffusible and complex-bound forms. Sedimentation and density gradient analyses revealed that ALP1 is found in a freely soluble state as well as high molecular weight complexes. During cell division, ALP1 was dynamically associated with the IMC, suggesting it rapidly cycles between freely diffusible and complex forms during daughter cell assembly. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Influences of habitat complexity on the diversity and abundance of epiphytic invertebrates on plantsFRESHWATER BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2003Hiromi Taniguchi SUMMARY 1. The compound influence of habitat complexity and patch size on stream invertebrate assemblages associated with submerged macrophytes was investigated through field sampling of two natural macrophyte species with contrasting leaf morphologies (complex, Ranunculus yezoensis; simple, Sparganium emersum) and an experiment with two artificial plants with different levels of morphological complexity. 2. The artificial plant experiment was designed to separate the effects of habitat area (patch size) and habitat complexity, thus enabling a more rigorous assessment of complexity per se than in previous studies where only a single patch size was used. Simple and complex artificial plants were established with five different patch sizes corresponding to the range found in natural plants. 3. Invertebrates occurred on both complex and simple forms of natural and artificial plants at similar abundances with dipterans and ephemeropterans being predominant. Taxon richness was higher on structurally complex Ranunculus than on simple Sparganium and was similarly higher on the complex artificial plant than on the simple one, over the entire range of habitat patch sizes. Thus, architectural complexity affected the taxon richness of epiphytic invertebrates, independently of habitat scale. 4. On the natural plants there was no difference in the abundance (both number of individuals and biomass) of invertebrates between simple and complex forms, while on artificial plants more invertebrates occurred on complex than on simple forms. The amount of particulate organic matter, >225 ,m (POM) and chlorophyll a showed mixed patterns on natural and artificial plants, suggesting that the availability of these resources is not an overriding proximate factor controlling invertebrate abundance on plants. The difficulty of extrapolating from experimental results involving use of artificial plants is discussed, especially when considering the relationship between habitat structure and the occurrence of epiphytic invertebrates on natural plants. [source] Against the Tide: Gendered Prejudice and Disadvantage in EngineeringGENDER, WORK & ORGANISATION, Issue 2 2007Fatma Küskü Although a balance has been achieved in the overall numbers of female and male students in higher education in the industrialized countries, vertical sex segregation has remained high as male academics and students continued to outnumber their female counterparts internationally. Gender representation is only one façade of gendered disadvantage in engineering, as complex forms of gendered disadvantage occur in social, cultural, psychological and economic layers of life, where women engineering students find themselves swimming against the tide of prejudice. This article draws on comparative and historical data, and a qualitative study with interviews and a questionnaire survey which generated 603 completed responses from female and male engineering students in Turkey. It seeks to reveal the complex and layered nature of gendered prejudice levelled against female engineering students. The findings suggest that linear formulations of gendered prejudice and disadvantage in engineering study are insufficient to account for the complexity of influences on career choice and their concomitant gendered outcomes. [source] Mammalian Mcm2/4/6/7 complex forms a toroidal structureGENES TO CELLS, Issue 5 2003Norikazu Yabuta Background: The Mcm proteins are a family of six homologous proteins (Mcm2,7) that play an important role in DNA replication. They form Mcm4/6/7 and Mcm2/4/6/7 complexes, but their structures are not known. Results: We found that the human Mcm2/4/6/7 tetramer forms a toroidal structure, with a central cavity about 3,4 nm in diameter. Observations were made using electron microscopy, employing the image analysis of single particles. The most predominant averaged image displayed a toroid harbouring four bulges forming corners, one of which was larger than the others. This structure was very similar to the mouse Mcm2/4/6/7 tetramer that was independently prepared and analysed by electron microscopy. These toroidal structures are distinct from that of the Mcm4/6/7 hexamer, which was also examined by electron microscopy. GST(glutathione S-transferase)-pull down and two hybrid experiments suggest that a putative Mcm6-Mcm6 hinge contributes to the formation of the Mcm7/4/6/6/4/7 heterohexamer. Conclusions: The Mcm2/4/6/7 tetramer forms a toroidal structure that is distinct from that of the Mcm4/6/7 hexamer in size and shape. [source] THEORIZING GLOBAL BUSINESS SPACESGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2009Andrew Jones ABSTRACT. Over the last decade, geographers have paid a great deal of attention to transnational firms (TNCs) and global production networks (GPNs) in the global economy, to the emergence of a mobile transnational business class and also to the development of global or globalizing cities. All three literatures have made important contributions to understanding the spatiality of global economic activity, but each adopts a fairly discreet theoretical and empirical focus. This article aims to outline a number of theoretical dimensions for thinking about how these key strands to the globalization debate can be brought together through the concept of global business spaces. It will propose a framework for understanding the spatialities of global economic activity that seeks to capture the complex interaction of material, social, organizational and virtual spaces that form the context through which it is constituted. With reference to business travel as a key form of economic practice which plays a central role in (re)producing these spaces, it assesses how these emerging spaces of global economic activity present problems for the conceptual categories commonly used by both urban and economic geographers. In so doing, it proposes a series of ways in which a different research agenda can produce new insight into the complex forms of social practice at the centre of global economic activity. [source] Turnover of labile and recalcitrant soil carbon differ in response to nitrate and ammonium deposition in an ombrotrophic peatlandGLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 8 2010PAULINE M. CURREY Abstract The effects of 4 years of simulated nitrogen deposition, as nitrate (NO3,) and ammonium (NH4+), on microbial carbon turnover were studied in an ombrotrophic peatland. We investigated the mineralization of simple forms of carbon using MicroRespÔ measurements (a multiple substrate induced respiration technique) and the activities of four soil enzymes involved in the decomposition of more complex forms of carbon or in nutrient acquisition: N -acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), acid phosphatase (AP), and phenol oxidase (PO). The potential mineralization of labile forms of carbon was significantly enhanced at the higher N additions, especially with NH4+ amendments, while potential enzyme activities involved in breakdown of more complex forms of carbon or nutrient acquisition decreased slightly (NAG and CBH) or remained unchanged (AP and PO) with N amendments. This study also showed the importance of distinguishing between NO3, and NH4+ amendments, as their impact often differed. It is possible that the limited response on potential extracellular enzyme activity is due to other factors, such as limited exposure to the added N in the deeper soil or continued suboptimal functioning of the enzymes due to the low pH, possibly via the inhibitory effect of low phenol oxidase activity. [source] On the electronic structure and bonding of the intriguing mixed Fe2+/Fe3+ [{Cp(CO)2Fe}tBuPO2FeCl2]2 -Complex,HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2005Ingo-Peter Lorenz The structure and bonding of [{Cp(CO)2Fe}tBuPO2FeCl2]2(2) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally. The molecular orbitals of 2 have been calculated to investigate the question why this type of complex forms a planar ring system. The electronic configuration of different electronic states, spin polarization, and bonding of 2 are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 16:398,405, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20109 [source] Synthesis of Nanocrystalline ,-Alumina Powder Using TriethanolamineJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 12 2001Ranjan K. Pati Nanocrystalline ,-Al2O3 powders have been prepared by pyrolysis of a complex compound of aluminum with triethanolamine (TEA). The soluble metal-ion,TEA complex forms the precursor material on complete dehydration of the complex of aluminum-TEA. The single-phase ,-Al2O3 powder has resulted after heat treatment at 1025°C. The precursors and the heat-treated final powders have been characterized by X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average particle sizes as measured from X-ray line broadening and TEM are ,25 nm. The powder has crystallite sizes of the same order indicates the poor agglomeration of crystallites. [source] Template-Directed Control of Crystal MorphologiesMACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 2 2007Fiona C. Meldrum Abstract Biominerals are characterised by unique morphologies, and it is a long-term synthetic goal to reproduce these synthetically. We here apply a range of templating routes to investigate whether a fascinating category of biominerals, the single crystals with complex forms, can be produced using simple synthetic methods. Macroporous crystals with sponge-like morphologies identical to that of sea urchin skeletal plates were produced on templating with a sponge-like polymer membrane. Similarly, patterning of individual crystal faces was achieved from the micrometer to nanometer scale through crystallisation on colloidal particle monolayers and patterned polymer thin films. These experiments demonstrate the versatility of a templating approach to producing single crystals with unique morphologies. [source] AcrA suppressor alterations reverse the drug hypersensitivity phenotype of a TolC mutant by inducing TolC aperture openingMOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 6 2010Jon W. Weeks Summary In Escherichia coli, the TolC,AcrAB complex forms a major antibiotic efflux system with broad substrate specificity. During the complex assembly, the periplasmic helices and bottom turns of TolC are thought to interact with a hairpin helix of AcrA and hairpin loops of AcrB respectively. In the present study we show that a four-residue substitution in TolC's turn 1, which connects outer helices 3 and 4 proximal to TolC's periplasmic aperture, confers antibiotic hypersensitivity, without affecting TolC-mediated phage or colicin infection. However, despite the null-like drug sensitivity phenotype, chemical cross-linking analysis revealed no apparent defects in the ability of the mutant TolC protein to physically interact with AcrA and AcrB. A role for TolC turn 1 residues in the functional assembly of the tripartite efflux pump complex was uncovered through isolating suppressor mutations of the mutant TolC protein that mapped within acrA and by utilizing a labile AcrA protein. The data showed that AcrA-mediated suppression of antibiotic sensitivity was achieved by dilating the TolC aperture/channel in an AcrB-dependent manner. The results underscore the importance of the periplasmic turn 1 of TolC in the functional assembly of the tripartite efflux complex and AcrA in transitioning TolC from its closed to open state. [source] A complex of the Escherichia coli cell division proteins FtsL, FtsB and FtsQ forms independently of its localization to the septal regionMOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2004Nienke Buddelmeijer Summary Three membrane proteins required for cell division in Escherichia coli, FtsQ, FtsL and FtsB, localize to the cell septum. FtsL and FtsB, which each contain a leucine zipper-like sequence, are dependent on each other for this localization, and each of them is dependent on FtsQ. However, FtsQ is found at the cell division site in the absence of FtsL and FtsB. FtsQ, in turn, requires FtsK for its localization. Here, we show that FtsL, FtsB and FtsQ form a complex in vivo. Strikingly, this complex forms in the absence of FtsK, which is required for the localization of all three proteins to the mid-cell. These findings indicate that the FtsL, FtsB, FtsQ interactions can take place in cells before movement to the mid-cell and that migration to this position might occur only after the formation of the complex. Evidence indicating the regions of the three proteins involved in complex formation is presented. These findings provide the first example of preassembly of a subcomplex of cell division proteins before their localization to the septal region. [source] Countertransference as active imagination: imaginative experiences of the analystTHE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2007Joy Schaverien Abstract:, Active imagination is at the heart of Jung's elucidation of depth psychology. Yet, in the discourse of present day analytical psychology theory it is not always given the serious attention accorded to some other Jungian concepts. Active imagination emerges spontaneously within the ,third' area,the imaginal or dynamic field,in-between patient and analyst. It is commonly regarded as the patient's experience but I am proposing that, looked upon as the analyst's experience as well, active imagination offers a distinctly Jungian way of understanding some forms of countertransference. I am describing what I think many present-day analytical psychologists already do in their clinical practice but, as far as I know, it has not been theorized in quite this way before. The intention is to exploit the unique contribution of our Jungian heritage by reframing certain profoundly symbolic countertransference-generated imagery as active imagination. In this article these are differentiated from other less complex forms of imaginative countertransference through examples from clinical practice. The point is that such countertransference experiences may activate the symbolic function in the analyst and thus contribute to the mediation of emergent consciousness in the analysand. Translations of Abstract L'imagination active est au coeur de l'exploration de la psychologie des profondeurs menée par Jung. Et pourtant, le discours théorique de la psychologie analytique actuelle ne lui concède pas toujours la même attention sérieuse accordée à d'autres concepts jungiens. L'imagination active émerge spontanément dans l'aire du « tiers », le champ imaginal ou dynamique entre patient et analyste. Elle est communément envisagée comme l'expérience du patient, mais je propose qu'elle soit également considérée comme l'expérience de l'analyste. En tant que telle, elle constitue alors une modalité spécifiquement jungienne pour appréhender certaines formes de contretransfert. Je décris ce que sans doute de nombreux analystes mettent déjà en oeuvre dans leur pratique clinique, mais pour autant que je sache, cela n'a pas encore été théorisé de la sorte à ce jour. Mon objectif est de redéfinir une certaine imagerie, profondément symbolique, générée par le contretransfert, comme relevant de l'imagination active et de la distinguer de formes moins complexes de contretransfert imaginatif. Un tel matériel contretransférentiel est susceptible d'activer chez l'analyste la fonction symbolique et de contribuer ainsi à médiatiser l'émergence de la conscience chez l'analysant. C'est une façon de tirer parti de l'apport unique de notre héritage jungien. Aktive Imagination ist ein Kernstück von Jungs Verständnis der Tiefenpsychologie. Jedoch wird im Diskurs der gegenwärtigen analytischen Psychologie dieser Theorie nicht immer die ernstliche Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt, die anderen Jung'schen Konzepten zuteil wird. Aktive Imagination entsteht spontan innerhalb eines ,dritten' Bereiches,dem imaginalen oder dynamischen Feld - zwischen Patient / Patientin und Analytiker / Analytikerin. Sie wird üblicherweise als Patientenerfahrung verstanden, aber ich schlage vor, sie zugleich als Analytikererfahrung anzusehen, weil die aktive Imagination dann einen spezifisch Jung'schen Weg bietet, um einige Formen der Gegenübertragung zu verstehen. Ich beschreibe etwas, von dem ich denke, dass es heutzutage von vielen Jung'schen Analytikern und Analytikerinnen in der klinischen Praxis bereits angewendet wird. Dennoch ist dies, soweit ich weiß, bisher nicht in dieser Form theoretisch dargestellt worden. Die Absicht besteht darin, gewisse, zutiefst symbolische und durch die Gegenübertragung hervorgerufene Bilder als aktive Imagination zu verstehen und zusammenzufassen, und sie so von anderen weniger komplexen Formen der imaginativen Gegenübertragung zu unterscheiden. Diese Gegenübertragungsinhalte können die symbolische Funktion im Analytiker / in der Analytikerin aktivieren und so zur Vermittlung der auftauchenden Bewusstheit im Analysanden / in der Analysandin beitragen. Hierdurch wird ein einzigartiger Beitrag unseres Jung'schen Erbes ausgeschöpft. L'immaginazione attiva è al centro della spiegazione di Jung sella psicologia del profondo. Eppure, nel discorso della teoria analitica di oggi non viene ad essa data la seria attenzione accordata ad altri concetti junghiani. L'immaginazione attiva emerge spontaneamente all'interno della ,terza' area,il campo immaginale o dinamico- tra il paziente e l'analista. Di solito viene considerata come un'esperienza del paziente, ma io propongo che, se considerata anche come un'esperienza dell'analista, l'immaginazione attiva offre un modo particolarmente junghiano per comprendere alcune forme di controtransfert. Sto descrivendo qualcosa che credo gli analisti già fanno ogni giorno nella loro pratica clinica. Tuttavia, per quanto io ne sappia, non è stata teorizzata teorizzata prima in questo modo. L'intenzione è di ridefinire certe immagini che generano un controtransfet profondamente simbolico e di differenziare queste forme da altre forme meno complesse di controtransfert immaginativo. Tale materiale controtransferale può attivare la funzione simbolica nell'analista e contribuire così a mediare la consapevolezza emergente nell'analizzando. Con questo si utilizza un contributo unico della nostra eredità junghiana. La imaginación activa se encuentra en el corazón de la elucidación de Jung de la psicología profunda. Sin embargo, en el discurso de la teoría de la psicología analítica de nuestros días no siempre se le da una atención seria en relación a otros conceptos junguianos. La imaginación activa emerge espontáneamente dentro de la tercera área,el imaginal o campo dinámico,entre paciente y analista, con frecuencia se atribuye a la experiencia del paciente pero estoy proponiendo que se la estudie en relación al analista también, la imaginación activa ofrece un camino junguiano diferente para entender ciertas formas de contratransferencia. Estoy describiendo lo que pienso que muchos analistas hacen en la actualidad en su práctica clínica, De cualquier forma, hasta donde puedo conocer, esto no ha sido teorizado antes de esta forma. La intención es la de enmarcar ciertas imaginerías profundamente simbólicas generadas en la contratransferencia como imaginación activa y diferenciarlas de otras formas mas complejas de imaginería contratransferencial. Este material contratransferencial puede activar la función simbólica en el análisis y contribuir a la mediación emergente de la conciencia el analizando. Ello expresa la singular contribución de nuestra herencia Junguiana. [source] Salts of maleic and fumaric acids with oxine: the role of isomeric acids in hydrogen-bonding patternsACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C, Issue 2 2009S. Franklin Both maleic and fumaric acid readily form adducts or complexes with other organic molecules. The 1:1 adduct formed by quinolin-8-ol (oxine) with maleic and fumaric acid are salts, namely 8-hydroxyquinolinium hydrogen maleate, C9H8NO+·C4H3O4,, (I), and 8-hydroxyquinolinium hydrogen fumarate, C9H8NO+·C4H3O4,, (II). The cations and anions of both salts are linked by ionic N+,H...O, hydrogen bonds. The maleate salt crystallizes in the space group P212121, while the fumarate salt crystallizes in P. The maleic and fumaric acids in their complex forms exist as semimaleate and semifumarate ions (mono-ionized state), respectively. Classical N,H...O and O,H...O hydrogen bonds, together with short C,H...O contacts, generate an extensive hydrogen-bonding network. The crystal structures of the maleate and fumarate salts of oxine have been elucidated to study the importance of noncovalent interactions in the aggregation and interaction patterns of biological molecules. The structures of the salts of the Z and E isomers of butenedioic acid (maleic and fumaric acid, respectively) with quinolin-8-ol are compared. [source] Synthesis, structure and biological activity of triorganotin 1H -tetrazolyl-1-acetates: cyclic hexamer and linkage coordination polymersAPPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2010Yun-Fu Xie Abstract Reaction of 1H -tetrazolyl-1-acetic acid (CHN4CH2CO2H) with (R3Sn)2O or R3SnOH yields triorganotin 1H -tetrazolyl-1-acetates [CHN4CH2CO2SnR3, R = Ph (1), p -tolyl (2), cyclohexyl (3), n -Bu (4) and Et (5)]. 1H -tetrazolyl-1-acetates in these triorganotin derivatives display remarkably different coordination modes, depending on the properties of the organic substituents bonded to the tin atoms. Complex 1 displays a rare cyclohexameric structure by the assembly of the SnN coordination bond, while complex 2 forms a linkage coordination polymer through the intermolecular Sn···N interactions. The structure of complex 3 is similar to that of complex 2, but the intermolecular Sn···N interactions are weaker in the former. However, in complex 4, the tetrazolyl nitrogen atoms do not coordinate to the tin atoms. This complex forms a polymeric chain by the unsymmetric bridging carboxylate group. All these complexes exhibit good antifungal activities in vitro against Alternaria solani, Cercospora arachidicola, Gibberella zeae, Physalospora piricola and Botrytis cinerea. The corresponding EC50 values of these complexes were tested. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Structuring Strategies for Complex GeometriesARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Issue 4 2010Wolf Mangelsdorf Abstract Over the last couple of decades, computation has proved a great facilitator for design, allowing far greater scope for analysis and generative design. Intelligent engineering, though, can only be truly set apart by the pursuit of the right design strategy, as outlined here by Wolf Mangelsdorf of Buro Happold. Mangelsdorf highlights four different models that enable the generation and engineering of geometrically complex forms and describes how they have been applied by Buro Happold in four very diverse projects with different architect collaborators. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Escherichia coli MutT in binary and ternary complex formsACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 9 2004Teruya Nakamura During replication, Escherichia coli MutT prevents the misincorporation of mutagenic 8-oxoguanine into nascent DNA strands opposite adenine by hydrolyzing 8-oxo-dGTP in nucleotide pools to 8-oxo-dGMP. E. coli MutT is the most widely investigated member of the Nudix hydrolase family, which is large and found in all organisms. By co-crystallization of MutT with 8-oxo-dGMP, a reaction product, crystals of the binary complex were obtained using ammonium sulfate as a precipitant. The crystals belong to space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 37.9, b = 56.0, c = 59.4,Å. Assuming the presence of one protein,nucleotide complex in the asymmetric unit, the Matthews coefficient VM is 2.1,Å3,Da,1. Crystals of the ternary complex were prepared by soaking crystals of the binary complex in 1,mM MnCl2 solution. They diffracted to 1.96 and 2.56,Å resolution, respectively. [source] Fibrosis correlates with detailed histological analysis of human undescended testesBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 11 2008Anne Suskind OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether semiquantitatively assessing the histological degree of fibrosis provides equivalent information to a detailed histological analysis of undescended testes in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed retrospectively the histological and clinical data from 86 consecutive orchidopexies. Biopsies fixed in Bouin's solution were evaluated histologically for tubular diameter, germ cell number and fibrosis. Fibrosis was assessed semiquantitatively by a pathologist reviewing sections stained with Masson's trichrome. The median (range) age of the patients was 1.9 (0.5,13.5) years, with 29 aged <1 year and 57 aged >1 year. RESULTS There were 65 palpable and 21 impalpable testes; 62 were inguinal and 13 were intra-abdominal. Testicular biopsies showed smaller tubules and fewer germ cells in patients aged >1 year, but there were no significant differences based on the location of the testis on physical examination or at the time of operation. The amount of fibrosis correlated well with tubular diameter and germ cell counts. CONCLUSION Fibrosis can be assessed easily and correlates well with more complex forms of histological evaluation of testicular health in children. [source] Electronic Properties of 3,3,-Dimethyl-5,5,-bis(1,2,4-triazine): Towards Design of Supramolecular Arrangements of N-Heterocyclic CuI ComplexesCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 12 2007Blandine Courcot Dr. Abstract A new efficient and safe synthesis of 3,3,-dimethyl-5,5,-bis-(1,2,4-triazine) is presented. The electron-density distribution and electrostatic properties (charge, electrostatic potential) of this molecule were analyzed. These properties were derived from a high-resolution single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment at 100,K and compared to the results obtained from ab initio DFT quantum-mechanical calculations. Comparisons of its electrostatic potential features and integrated atomic charges (quantum theory of atoms in molecules, QTAIM) have been made with those of related molecules such as bipyrimidine ligands. Two methods were used to derive integrated charges: one is based on the conventional analytical procedure and the second uses a steepest-ascent numerical algorithm. Excellent agreement was obtained between these two methods. Charges and electrostatic potential were used as predictive indices of metal chelation and discussed in the light of complexation abilities of the title compound and related molecules. The crystal structure of a CuI complex of 3,3,-dimethyl-5,5,-bis(1,2,4-triazine) is reported here. In the solid state, this complex forms a three-dimensional multibranch network with open channels in which counterions and solvent molecules are located. This architecture involves both cis and trans isomers of the title compound. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||