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Complete Cessation (complete + cessation)
Selected AbstractsMost Latino smokers in California are low-frequency smokersADDICTION, Issue 2007Shu-Hong Zhu ABSTRACT Aims We examine the phenomenon of low-frequency smoking (non-daily smoking or smoking , 5 cigarettes daily) among California Latinos and address its implications for addiction theory and population tobacco control. Design, setting and participants Data gathered in 2001 and 2003 through the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), the largest general health survey in California. The present study focused on Latino current smokers (n = 1254 for CHIS 2001; n = 946 for CHIS 2003). Measurement Latino smokers reporting either non-daily smoking or smoking ,5 cigarettes daily were identified and grouped into one category: low-frequency smokers. Findings Weighted by population parameters, more than 70% of Latino smokers in California were found to be low-frequency smokers [70.7% (CI = 67.2%, 73.9%) in 2001 and 70.8% (CI = 67.1%,74.2%) in 2003]. This high proportion cut across all demographic dimensions in both surveys, suggesting pervasiveness and reliability of this phenomenon. Proportions for non-daily smokers and low-rate daily smokers were 48.6% and 22.1% in 2001 and 54.9% and 15.9% in 2003. In both surveys, more than 80% of non-daily smokers consumed , 5 cigarettes on their smoking days. Conclusions The fact that most Latino smokers are low-frequency smokers calls for a new theoretical framework,beyond withdrawal-based theories,to account for the prevalence of this behavior on the population level. It also calls into question the harm-reduction approach as a tobacco control strategy for California Latino populations. Strategies emphasizing that every cigarette can hurt, and encouraging complete cessation, seem more fitting for this group of smokers. [source] Erythropoietin-induced, antibody-mediated pure red cell aplasia,EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 2005The Pure Red Cell Aplasia Global Scientific Advisory Board (GSAB) Abstract Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare haematological condition that is characterized by severe aregenerative anaemia due to an almost complete cessation of red blood cell production. While antibody-mediated PRCA was extremely rare before 1998, the incidence of this disorder increased sharply after 1998 in patients receiving subcutaneous epoetin alfa produced by Ortho-Biotech and marketed outside the USA. The diagnosis of antibody-mediated PRCA relies mostly on the results of bone marrow biopsy or aspirate, which shows an absence of erythroid precursors and/or red cell maturation arrest while counts of white cell and platelet precursors are normal, and on the identification of circulating anti-erythropoietin antibodies. Retrospective analysis of PRCA cases has shown that immunosuppressive therapy can induce a disappearance of anti-erythropoietin antibodies in most patients. [source] Biopsychosocial Approach to Treating Self-Injurious Behaviors: An Adolescent Case StudyJOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING, Issue 3 2009Mary Askew DNP TOPIC:, Self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) are a common coping mechanism in the adolescent population. A marked increase in SIB has been seen in recent years, yet effective treatment remains elusive. PURPOSE:, This study aims to review current theoretical perspectives and treatment options that reflect a biopsychosocial framework. SOURCES:, Selected multidisciplinary literature related to SIB. CONCLUSIONS:, A 6-month multidisciplinary approach targeting the unique physical, emotional, and social needs of a 14-year-old girl in residential treatment led to the complete cessation of SIB. [source] Argon plasma coagulation as first-line treatment for chronic radiation proctopathyJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 10 2004SHAJI SEBASTIAN Abstract Background and Aim:, Chronic radiation proctopathy is a troublesome complication of radiotherapy to the pelvis, for which current treatment modalities are unsatisfactory. The present prospective study was designed to determine the usefulness and safety of argon plasma coagulation in the management of chronic radiation proctopathy. Methods:, Twenty-five consecutive patients (M:F 24:1, mean age: 69 years) with radiation proctopathy were prospectively included. All patients received argon plasma coagulation by a standard protocol. Response to treatment was assessed by symptom response, bleeding severity score, hematological parameters and transfusion requirements over a median 14-month follow up. Results:, Patients received a median of one treatment session with argon plasma coagulation. There was significant improvement in rectal bleeding in all patients, with complete cessation of bleeding in 21 (81%) of the patients. The median bleeding severity score fell from 3 to 0 (P < 0.0005). The mean hemoglobin level rose from 10.05 ± 2.21 g/dL before treatment to 12.44 ± 1.09 g/dL at 6 months following treatment (P < 0.002). There was also improvement in other symptoms such as urgency and diarrhea. Over the period of follow up, there was no recurrence of anemia and no complications were noted. Conclusion:, These results suggest that argon plasma coagulation is a safe and effective modality in the treatment of chronic radiation proctopathy. © 2004 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd [source] | ||||||||||