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Colonialism
Kinds of Colonialism Selected AbstractsCOLONIALISM AND LONG-RUN GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA: AN EXAMINATION OF INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN VICTORIA'S WATER SECTOR DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURYAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 3 2008Edwyna Harris colonialism; democracy; economic growth; institutional efficiency; water rights Institutional change in water rights in the nineteenth century Australian colony of Victoria raised institutional efficiency, which contributed to long-run economic growth. High-quality human capital and the extension of voting rights (franchise) were crucial for efficient institutional change in the water sector. Quality human capital (literacy) appeared to increase the rural population's awareness of the economic impact of the existing structure of water rights that may have constrained growth in the agricultural sector and reduced investment incentives. Extension of the franchise allowed the rural population to exert political pressure for enactment of change in water rights, which resulted in efficiency-enhancing policies and efficient institutions. The findings show these two factors were more important than Victoria's British colonial heritage in determining whether growth-enhancing institutional change took place. [source] COLONIALISM AND INDUSTRIALISATION: FACTORY LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY OF COLONIAL KOREA, 1913,37AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 1 2008Duol Kim colonial Korea; colonialism; entrepreneurship; factory labour productivity; industrialisation Unlike other colonial economies, Korea industrialised rapidly during its colonial period, which past scholars attributed to the industrialisation policy directed by the Japanese colonial government between 1930 and 1945. Our analysis of factory labour productivity from 1913 to 1937 suggests significant revisions to this claim. Factory labour productivity as well as total production grew rapidly before the active intervention of the colonial government. In addition, Korean entrepreneurs invested heavily in their firms and successfully competed with Japanese entrepreneurs. We conjecture that the pre-war experience of Korean entrepreneurs provided a critical foundation for the post-colonial economic growth. [source] "Banana Growing and Negro Management": Race, Labor, and Jim Crow Colonialism in Guatemala, 1884,1930DIPLOMATIC HISTORY, Issue 4 2006Jason M Colby First page of article [source] Gender, Colonialism and Citizenship in the Modern Middle EastGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 1 2004Elisa Camiscioli Books reviewed in this article: Selma Botman, Engendering Citizenship in Egypt Margaret L. Meriwether and Judith E. Tucker (eds), A Social History of Women and Gender in the Modern Middle East Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilege, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon [source] Engendering Whiteness: White Women and Colonialism in Barbados and North Carolina, 1627,1865 By Cecily JonesHISTORY, Issue 312 2008HENRICE ALTINK No abstract is available for this article. [source] A History of Disasters: Spanish Colonialism in the Age of EmpireHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2007Christopher Schmidt-Nowara Historians have long relegated colonialism to the margins of modern Spanish history. Spain lost the majority of its overseas empire in the Spanish American revolutions of the early nineteenth century. It was a late, reluctant, and small-scale participant in the partition of Africa. Recent scholarship, however, is bringing colonialism back to the center of Spain's nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This article examines these findings and considers their consequences for narratives of Spanish marginality and modernity. Special attention is given to two recent works: John Tone's War and Genocide in Cuba and Sebastian Balfour's Deadly Embrace. [source] Authenticity, Colonialism, and the Struggle with ModernityJOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION, Issue 4 2002John B. Hertz Puerto Rico's architectural legacy and struggle with modernity is found in the confrontation between the colonial period and the recent past. This conflict is revealed in the plan to replace the modernist icon, the Hotel La Concha in San Juan, with a revivalist "Hispanic" complex. In spite of the latter supposedly being more "Puerto Rican," it is the modern building from the recent past, rather than the new revival model, that is truly authentic. The proposed development copies an invented style imposed by the United States on the island after its conquest one hundred years ago. However, rather than acknowledging the presence of architecture built by the Spanish in Puerto Rico, the project revives the architecture of American colonization. [source] The Archaeology of Native-Lived Colonialism: Challenging History in the Great Lakes by Neal FerrisAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 1 2010Kurt A. Jordan No abstract is available for this article. [source] Hawaiian Blood: Colonialism and the Politics of Sovereignty and Indigeneity by J. Kehaulani KauanuiPOLAR: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANTHROPOLOGY REVIEW, Issue 2010Katharine Bjork No abstract is available for this article. [source] Discipline and the Other Body: Correction, Corporeality, Colonialism edited by Steven Pierce and Anupama RaoPOLAR: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANTHROPOLOGY REVIEW, Issue 2 2009Brian Joseph GilleyArticle first published online: 3 DEC 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Colonialism, Modernity, and Religious Identities: Religious Reform Movements in South Asia , Edited by Gwilym BeckerleggeRELIGIOUS STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 3 2010Brian K. Pennington No abstract is available for this article. [source] Between Colonialism and Diaspora: Sikh Cultural Formation in an Imperial World , By Tony BallantyneTHE HISTORIAN, Issue 4 2009Anne Hardgrove No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Hanged Man: A Story of Miracle, Memory, and Colonialism in the Middle Ages , By Robert BartlettTHE HISTORIAN, Issue 4 2008Kathleen Kamerick No abstract is available for this article. [source] The Other White Gold: Salt, Slaves, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and British ColonialismTHE HISTORIAN, Issue 2 2007Cynthia M. Kennedy First page of article [source] Colonialism and Health Policy Affecting Workers in Sri Lanka's Plantation SectorANTHROPOLOGY OF WORK REVIEW, Issue 3 2006Ramani Hettiarachchi Abstract One of the major problems that European colonizers faced in Asia was the reluctance of indigenous agricultural societies to respond to their large-scale labor requirement. This article focuses on plantation owners and managers in Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) during the height of nineteenth-century coffee plantation production, and the strategies they used to control indentured workers from India in Ceylon. In particular, caste distinctions were perpetuated among the workforce; this legacy has implications for social life on the estates in current Sri Lanka, engaged in an ethnic conflict between the political minority Tamil and political majority Sinhala populations. This article focuses especially on health and sanitation issues for workers during the colonial plantation era, and the need for government intervention,that was not forthcoming,on behalf of the workers. This research is part of a larger project (cf. Hettiarachchi 1989) drawing on the archival methods of history and the ethnographic methods of anthropology to document conditions for plantation workers. Attention to historical strategies of worker control can provide insights into the current relationship between states, low-wage labor forces, and health care policies. [source] Apportioning Sacred Space in a Moroccan City: the case of Tangier, 1860,1912CITY & SOCIETY, Issue 1 2001Susan Gilson Miller In late 19th century Morocco, ideological issues such as nationalism, secularization, and colonialism came to bear on urban society and on the relations among ethnic groups in the city. This study focuses on inter,communal relations in the coastal city of Tangier, the main port for European entry into Morocco, as an example of a "traditional" Islamic city undergoing rapid modernization. Using archival sources and contemporay ethnographic studies, this article examines how the Muslim and Jewish communities of Tangier responded to the coming of modernity by articulating zones of ethnically and religiously marked space that came to be perceived of as critical to each group's expression of self-identity. [Colonialism, sacred space, Morocco, Muslim-Jewish relations] [source] The Challenge to the State in a Globalized WorldDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 5 2002Christopher Clapham Individual instances of state failure and collapse must be placed within a broader appreciation of the evolution of statehood within the international system. The idea that the inhabited area of the globe must be divided between sovereign states is a recent development, and likely to prove a transient one. Largely the product of European colonialism, and turned into a global norm by decolonization, it is threatened both by the inherent difficulties of state maintenance, and by processes inherent in globalization. States are expensive organizations to maintain, not only in economic terms but also in the demands that they make on their citizens and their own employees. Poor and dispersed peoples, and those whose values derive from societies without states, have found these demands especially burdensome. The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union revealed the hollowness of existing models of sovereign states, and challenged the triple narratives on which the project of global statehood has depended: the narratives of security, representation, and wealth and welfare. While individual cases of state failure and collapse may owe much to specific circumstances and the behaviour of particular individuals, they must also be understood within the context of a world in which maintaining states has become increasingly difficult. [source] Nation to Nation: Defining New Structures of Development in Northern QuebecECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2004Caroline Desbiens Abstract: In February 2002, the Crees of Quebec and the Quebec government signed a new agreement that was designed to implement new structures of economic development in northern Quebec. The document, known as "La Paix des Braves" (Peace of the Braves), was characterized as a "nation-to-nation" agreement and promises greater participation by the Crees in the management and exploitation of natural resources on the territory. Starting from the premise that the Crees and the Québécois do not simply compete for the resources of James Bay but can be said to define and firm up the boundaries of their respective nation in and through the use of these resources, this article explores the close intertwining of colonialism, culture, and the economy in James Bay, as well as its potential impact on the new agreement. First, it analyzes how the Crees and the Québécois have articulated nationhood in relation to land and resources, particularly over the past three decades. Second, it examines how these discourses are informed by a third national scale, that of Canada. The intersection among nature, nation, and economic development in northern Quebec is a key example of how resources are embedded in complex national geographies that are shaped across a broad historical span. Although sustainability is often defined in terms of the needs of future generations, this article calls for greater attention to past colonial and political relations in defining structures of development that ensure the renewal of resources. [source] Ida Vera Simonton's Imperial Masquerades: Intersections of Gender, Race and African Expertise in Progressive-Era AmericaGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 2 2010Jeremy Rich Ida Vera Simonton, a New York socialite, visited the French colony of Gabon in 1906 and 1907. Her subsequent narratives about her stay demonstrate a very ambiguous view of the horrors of European colonialism that she claimed to despise and the amoral nature of Africans. Simonton ultimately employed her stay in Gabon to claim a right to form female self-defence squads in New York and to act as an independent defender of white women. By carefully shaping her public persona to alternately appropriate discourses of masculine regeneration through empire and to highlight her female vulnerability, she made herself into a provocative spectacle. In an ironic twist, given how much Simonton embellished on her own experiences, Broadway producers in 1925 plagiarised her 1912 novel Hell's Playground in their successful play White Cargo. Simonton successfully sued for damages, thus upholding her highly edited version of her trip in law. Her writings expose the intersections of racial anxieties, gendered visions of empire and feminist aspirations in the United States during the Progressive era. [source] The ,New Woman' and the Politics of Love, Marriage and Divorce in Colonial KoreaGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 2 2005Theodore Jun Yoo This study seeks to explore the changing discursive forces that competed to define Korean women's identity and roles within the context of the new spaces created by colonialism and modernity. It argues that a small coterie of literate women seized the initiative to enhance their education, define the politics of physical aesthetics and con-tribute to the debate about the changing gender roles and expectations in Korean society all under the guise of 'Westernisation' and progress. The emergence of these 'new women' challenged traditional notions of Korean womanhood and brought the 'woman question' to the forefront of public discourse. [source] The Autocracy of Love and the Legitimacy of Empire: Intimacy, Power and Scandal in Nineteenth-Century MetlakahtlahGENDER & HISTORY, Issue 2 2004Adele Perry This paper examines the politics of intimacy, power, and scandal at Metlakahtlah, a Church of England mission village in northern British Columbia, Canada, from 1862 to 1885, in order to cast light on settler colonialism and its aftermath. It particularly examines Metlakahtlah's main missionary, William Duncan, his relationships with young female converts and missionary women, and, perhaps more importantly, the stories that were told about them. Stories of Duncan's relationships with young Tsimshian women that circulated throughout settler society reveal the central place of sexuality to both critiques and defences of imperialism, and cast new light on contemporary politics around the historical experience of Indigenous children in settler colonies like Australia and Canada. [source] Blinded by the Enlightenment: Günter Grass in CalcuttaGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 3 2003Daniel Reynolds Günter Grass's 1988 Zunge zeigen has been criticised as an example of Eurocentricism, an especially harsh charge against this author known for his critique of globalisation. The claim that Grass writes about India as a colonising Westerner overlooks the ways in which he undermines the sovereignty of the Western subject through his polyphonic, self-reflexive account. The result is a sincere attempt to destabilise the oppressive subject he has been accused of promoting. This attempt notwithstanding, Grass's critique does falter for two reasons that critics of Zunge zeigen have not addressed. The first concerns his use of Theodor Fontane both as a bridge to the history of colonialism and as a model for engaged literature. Fontane proves tenuous on both counts, and diverts Grass's attention both from India's colonial history and literary present. Second, Grass's prescription for overcoming the misery he documents in India and Bangladesh , the Enlightenment , ultimately reinscribes a discourse of domination that favours Europe. By choosing Kali, the Hindu goddess of destruction, to represent India, Grass reinforces the notion that rationality is a European invention that is alien to the mystical, chaotic East. Ultimately, Grass fails to account for the Enlightenment's own historical complicity in colonialism. [source] The Experienced Traveller as a Professional Author: Friedrich Ludwig Langstedt, Georg Forster and Colonialism Discourse in Eighteenth-Century GermanyHISTORY, Issue 317 2010CHEN TZOREF-ASHKENAZI The aim of this article is to show the centrality of the concept of experience in the cultural industry of travel writing in eighteenth-century Germany as well as examining the influence of British colonial discourse on German interpretations of the non-European world. The first aim is achieved through analysing the literary career of Friedrich Ludwig Langstedt, who on the basis of a five-year stay in India, was able to claim the status of expert on the non-European world and become the author of many books on a variety of subjects related to travel. His case is compared to that of Georg Forster, whose career was similarly shaped by the experience of travel. Both of them represent relatively rare examples in the eighteenth century of literary agents with actual experience in travel outside Europe. The second aim is achieved through an analysis of Langstedt's interpretations of India, showing how his support for East India Company rule was based on uncritical borrowings from British sources. A comparison with Forster's more critical treatment of British colonialism in India shows that Forster was much influenced by British sources. [source] The Predicament Of Ideas In Culture: Translation And HistoriographyHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 1 2003Douglas Howland Rather than a simple transfer of words or texts from one language to another, on the model of the bilingual dictionary, translation has become understood as a translingual act of transcoding cultural material , a complex act of communication. Much recent work on translation in history grows out of interest in the effects of European colonialism, especially within Asian studies, where interest has been driven by the contrast between the experiences of China and Japan, which were never formally colonized, and the alternative examples of peoples without strong, centralized states , those of the Indian subcontinent and the Tagalog in the Philippines , who were colonized by European powers. This essay reviews several books published in recent years, one group of which share the general interpretation that colonial powers forced their subjects to "translate" their local language, sociality, or culture into the terms of the dominant colonial power: because the colonial power controls representation and forces its subjects to use the colonial language, it is in a position to construct the forms of indigenous and subject identity. The other books under review here are less concerned with power in colonial situations than with the fact of different languages, cultures, or practices and the work of "translating" between the two , particularly the efforts of indigenous agents to introduce European ideas and institutions to their respective peoples. [source] Assessing Women, Gender, and Empire in Britain's Nineteenth-Century Protestant Missionary MovementHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2009Elizabeth Prevost Although women constituted the majority of British missionary labor by the turn of the twentieth century, they were largely discounted from the official record of mission work , a silence that until recently has been preserved by women's history, mission history, and imperial history. Over the past two decades, new historical and interpretive frameworks have brought into clearer focus the role of women missionaries and the gendered fabric of the ,civilizing mission' in evangelistic, colonial, and feminist projects. Yet the privileging of race as an analytic category has produced a lopsided historiography, in which Christianity has been marginalized in studies of gender and empire, and in which gender has not been used to full effect in explicating the uneven contours of religion and colonialism. This essay explores how studies of women, gender, and the Protestant missionary movement over the ,long nineteenth century' have responded to and manifested some of the larger tensions of women's and gender history, feminist history, postcolonial studies, the new imperial history, and area studies, and suggests some avenues for addressing lingering questions of recovery and representation, center and periphery. [source] The Christian Religion in Modern European and World History: A Review of The Cambridge History of Christianity, 1815,2000HISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2008David Lindenfeld Volumes 8 and 9 of the Cambridge History, representing the work of 72 scholars, reflect two major recent historiographical trends: 1) the increased attention paid to religion in modern European history, and 2) the increasing importance of Christianity in as a topic in world history. While these volumes serve to summarize the work already done in the first field, with articles on a wide variety of European countries, they should significantly move the second field forward by bringing together the work of specialists on many different parts of the world in a single place. Volume 8 summarizes scholarship on the Western religious revivals of the nineteenth century, both Catholic and Protestant. By integrating religion and politics, it also presents a more complex picture of the formation of European national identities than Benedict Anderson's Imagined Communities suggests. One third of the volume is devoted to the spread of Christianity to the non-Western world. In Volume 9, the European and world history perspectives are more evenly interspersed. Major themes include the papacy, ecumenism, colonialism, Pentecostalism, and the independent churches of Africa and Asia. The 1960s emerge as a turning point, if for different reasons in different parts of the world. This was the decisive period of secularization in Europe, and the final section documents the social and cultural impact of that shift, particularly on the arts. Although there are inevitable gaps in coverage, these volumes will serve as an invaluable research tool for years to come. [source] Historical Geography in New Zealand, 1987,2007HISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2008Michael Roche This article reviews historical geography in New Zealand over the period 1987 to 2007. It indicates that research in the 1980s and 1990s has filled some of the gaps identified by earlier reviewers while more recent research has used new approaches to pose new questions such as those surrounding post colonialism. A feature of historical geography research over the last 15 years has been a number of collaborative projects, most notably a national historical atlas. The future for historical geography in New Zealand arguably calls for a stronger re-engagement with human geography. [source] Historical Anthropology of Modern IndiaHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2007Saurabh Dube The last three decades have seen acute interchanges between history and anthropology in theoretical and empirical studies. Scholarship on South Asia has reflected these patterns, but it has also reworked such tendencies. Here, significant writings of the 1960s and 1970s brought together processes of history and patterns of culture as part of mutual fields of analysis and description. These emphases have been critically developed more recently. Anthropologists and historians have rethought theory and method, in order not only to crucially conjoin but to explore anew the ,archive' and the ,field'. The blending has produced ,historical anthropology': writings that approach and explain in new ways elaborations of caste and community, colonialism and empire, nation and nationalism, domination and resistance, law and politics, myth and kingship, environment and ethnicity, and state and modernity , in the past and the present. Work in historical anthropology focuses on practice, process, and power, and often combines perspectives from gender, postcolonial, and subaltern studies. [source] A History of Disasters: Spanish Colonialism in the Age of EmpireHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2007Christopher Schmidt-Nowara Historians have long relegated colonialism to the margins of modern Spanish history. Spain lost the majority of its overseas empire in the Spanish American revolutions of the early nineteenth century. It was a late, reluctant, and small-scale participant in the partition of Africa. Recent scholarship, however, is bringing colonialism back to the center of Spain's nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This article examines these findings and considers their consequences for narratives of Spanish marginality and modernity. Special attention is given to two recent works: John Tone's War and Genocide in Cuba and Sebastian Balfour's Deadly Embrace. [source] Customary Law in Common Law SystemsIDS BULLETIN, Issue 1 2001Gordon R. Woodman Summaries How can the idea of the ,rule of law' be made a reality for ordinary people in African countries where customary law still underpins popular experience of ,law as practice'? It is argued that the idea of law itself should include all non-state ,normative orders' that are known, acceptable and pre-determined, as well as state law. What is called customary law is often closer to observed social norms (practised law) than the state law imported by colonialism, and indeed evolves in line with social and economic change, particularly in the field of land tenure. Any notion of the rule of law must support the institutions of customary law. One problem, however, is that in any country there are many different bodies of customary law particular to different localities, regions, cultures. This diversity must be both researched and recognised. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||