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Coturnix Coturnix Japonica (coturnix + coturnix_japonica)
Selected AbstractsEpoxiconazole causes changes in testicular histology and sperm production in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY, Issue 11 2008Konstanze Grote Abstract The fungicide epoxiconazole (Epox), a triazole, belongs to the group of azole compounds that are extensively used as fungicides in various fruit crops. The frequent use of agricultural lands for wintering by migrating birds can be the source of their increased dietary intake of agricultural pesticides. We investigated whether exposure to Epox causes effects on avian fertility and reproduction, using the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model species for the assessment of reproductive effects of pesticides in wild birds. Epox was administered to adult Japanese quail for three weeks at dietary levels of 10, 50, and 500 ppm, and possible effects on reproduction were investigated. Epox administration resulted in a significantly decreased number of spermatids in the 50- and 500-ppm dose groups. Histopathology showed a reduced number of testicular canaliculi with visible germ cells and a reduction in spermatid number. However, testis weight was not affected up to the highest dose level. No impact was observed on hormone levels, fertility, and reproductive outcome, as laying rate and percentage of fertile eggs were not altered. Likewise, treatment had no influence on the egg or chick parameters evaluated. A time- and dose-related transfer of Epox into the eggs was determined in all treatment groups. We conclude that dietary treatment of Japanese quail with 50 and 500 ppm of the triazole fungicide Epox resulted in a clear impact on the testis. The evaluation of the additional endpoints spermatid count and testicular histology have proven useful and are recommended for future studies on avian reproduction. [source] Carbohydrate characterization of quail primordial germ cells during migration and gonadal differentiationJOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 1 2007Clara Armengol Abstract A selection of lectins were used to study changes in the distribution of sugar residues in primordial germ cells (PGCs) during gonadal colonization and differentiation. Although the cytochemical characteristics of PGCs have been described in the chick, little is known about such characteristics in other avian species of interest to experimental biology. Therefore, we studied embryos of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) by light and laser confocal scanning microscopy, using the QH1 antibody as a tool to identify PGCs in both sexes and at all stages. LEA, WGA and RCA-I bound to PGCs in a similar way to QH1. LEA was the best marker for all stages. The presence of acid phosphatase and the intense reaction of LEA, WGA, RCA-I and WFA at the cell surface were shown to be a useful tool in the study of the migratory PGCs of the quail. Quails were sexed histologically in younger embryos than in chick; results were confirmed by PCR. The lectin-binding pattern changed drastically in differentiated gonads. Cell surface reactivity was almost entirely lost. Quail differentiating oogonia showed a characteristic binding pattern to QH1 and to the lectins WGA, RCA-I and WFA. Binding was observed in intense spots in the Golgi complex, and there was a specific PNA reaction. These results suggest that some selective sugar binding sites on the PGCs play a significant role in their migration, colonization and maturation. [source] Carry over (transfer) of feed-borne acrylamide into eggs, muscle, serum, and faeces , a pilot study with Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 3-6 2005E. Kienzle Summary Two groups of 10 quails each were fed for 30 days on a diet containing either 663 ,g feed-borne acrylamide (AA)/kg feed (group B) or 2472 ,g AA/kg feed (group C) respectively. The concentrations of AA present in excreta and eggs were compared with those measured in eggs and excreta obtained from a control group (group A) fed on a diet low in AA (<10 ,g/kg). The results clearly showed that the eggs of quails in group C contained approximately 53,112 ,g AA/kg based on dry weight, while eggs collected from group A did not contain AA (limit of detection in eggs 3.5 ,g/kg). Nearly 5% of the AA fed was recovered in the excreta. The AA concentrations in liver, muscle and serum were detectable, but below the limit of quantitation. [source] In vivo release of oxytetracycline from a biodegradable controlled-release gel injected subcutaneously in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 4 2003L. A. Tell A long-acting, biodegradable, controlled-release formulation of oxytetracycline (CR-OTC) was evaluated in 18 adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) following a single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection. Prior to characterizing the release of oxytetracycline (OTC) from the CR-OTC, the pharmacokinetic parameters of intravenously (i.v.) administered OTC were determined. Concentrations of free OTC were measured using a bioassay. The plasma concentration,time profile of OTC after a single i.v. injection at 20 mg/kg was best fit to an open two-compartmental model, with the following pharmacokinetic parameters: area under the curve (AUC) = 36.72 mg · h/L, terminal elimination half-life = 2.34 h, clearance (Cl) = 0.545 L/kg/h. Plasma [OTC] was >1.0 ,g/mL for at least 4 h following i.v. injection. The CR-OTC gel was well tolerated at a dosage of 1500 mg/kg s.c. Plasma [OTC] rose to >1.0 ,g/mL within 24 h; it remained >1.0 ,g/mL for at least 10 days in all birds sampled at that time point (n = 9) and for at least 18 days in two of nine birds. Using a deconvolution technique, it was determined that approximately 54.8% of the administered OTC was released from the CR-OTC over the 45-day observation period. This long-acting, biodegradable controlled-release OTC formulation may have potential for the treatment of chlamydophila infections and other OTC-sensitive bacteria in Japanese quail, however further studies are necessary to determine its safety and clinical application. [source] Structure of the Oesophagus and Morphometric, Histochemical,Immunohistochemical Profiles of the Oesophageal Gland During the Post-hatching Period of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)ANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 5 2009H. Sa Summary In the oesophagus, mucins, which originate from oesophageal submucosal glands, play an important role in the mucosal protection as a pre-epithelial barrier. In this study, the structure of cervical and thoracic parts of oesophagus of Japanese quail during the post-hatching period was compared, and the contents of carbohydrate and gastric mucin MUC5AC of the oesophageal glands in these parts were analysed at the light microscope levels by applying conventional histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The oesophageal glands were present at hatching, located in the laminae propria. The numbers of glands were different in the cervical and thoracic parts, but the differences were found to be insignificant. The thoracic part has the oesophageal tonsils which are associated with the glands. Oesophageal tonsil was formed from day 5 after hatching. In quail of all ages, the secretory epithelium of glands contained neutral sialomucins and weakly sulphomucins. The cells in the neck region of secretory units contained sialomucins, while the cells of excretory ducts had strongly sulphomucins. Sialomucin containing cells in the secretory units increased with the advance of age and glandular development. But, in the secretory units, the sulphomucin content of glands was more in the thoracic part. The secretory epithelium of tonsil-associated glands contained mostly sulphomucins and a little sialomucin. From the hatching, MUC5AC mucin was detected in the cells of excretory ducts. Although the lymphoepithelium of the tonsil units exhibited negative reactions to all histochemical methods, it showed positive reaction to MUC5AC mucin antibody. In conclusion, the cervical and thoracic parts may be functionally different and the thoracic part of oesophagus was transformed into an immunological organ following day 5 after hatching. [source] | ||||||||||