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Cognitive-behavioral Interventions (cognitive-behavioral + intervention)
Selected AbstractsA Group-Mediated Cognitive-Behavioral intervention for Increasing Adherence to Physical Activity in Older Adults,JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2000Lawrence R. Brawley This study examined the efficacy of a group-mediated cognitive behavioral intervention (GMCB) on adherence rates to physically active lifestyles in older adults. Sixty older adults were randomized to I of 3 groups: waiting list control (WLC), a standard physical activity program (SPA), or GMCB. The SPA and GMCB involved 6 months of combined center- and home-based activity. Contact with participants was then terminated with a follow-up assessment at 9 months. Results revealed that, at the 9-month follow-up the GMCB group had a higher frequency of weekly physical activity than the SPA group. At 6 months, both groups were more active, had higher aerobic power, and improved HRQL when compared with the control group. [source] Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments for binge eating disorderINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 3 2010Silja Vocks PhD Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to compute and compare mean effects of various treatments for binge eating disorder. Method: A total of 38 studies with 1973 participants fulfilled the defined inclusion criteria. Effect sizes, odds ratios, and simple rates were integrated in fixed and random (mixed) effects categorical models. Results: From randomized controlled trials, psychotherapy and structured self-help, both based on cognitive behavioral interventions, were found to have large effects on the reduction of binge eating. Regarding pharmacotherapy, mainly comprising antidepressants, randomized controlled trials revealed medium effects for the reduction of binge eating. Uncontrolled studies on weight-loss treatments demonstrated moderate reductions of binge eating. Combination treatments did not result in higher effects compared with single-treatment regimens. Except for weight-loss treatment, none of the interventions resulted in a considerable weight reduction. Discussion: Psychotherapy and structured self-help, both based on cognitive-behavioral interventions, should be recommended as the first-line treatments. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010 [source] Using imagery in cognitive-behavioral treatment for eating disorders: Tackling the restrictive modeINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 7 2006DClinPsy, Victoria Mountford BA Abstract A restrictive thinking style in the eating disorders, often referred to as "anorexic thinking," is often resistant to cognitive-behavioral interventions, even when apparent motivation is relatively high. It is argued that this difficulty is due in part to the ingrained nature of such thinking patterns, regardless of diagnosis. Those patterns reflect the ego-syntonic element of the eating disorders, and manifest as difficulty for the patient in identifying and challenging negative automatic thoughts and maladaptive core beliefs. There is a need to develop cognitive techniques that allow the individual to identify maladaptive cognitions as reflecting their restrictive schema mode, rather than being the only way of thinking and seeing the world. This study describes the use of imagery to enable patients to distinguish the restrictive thoughts from other cognitive perspectives. The restrictive "mode" is presented as part of the individual's personality structure (drawing on cognitive-behavioral models of personality), rather than being an external entity. This technique is designed to facilitate conventional cognitive-behavioral therapy, freeing the patient to challenge her cognitions and to engage in behavioral experiments. We present case material to illustrate this technique and its use in conjunction with other cognitive-behavioral techniques. Future directions and potential limitations are also discussed. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Practitioner Review: Psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism: a critical evaluation of the literature from 1990,2005THE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 11 2006Sharon L. Cohan Background:, There have been several reports of successful psychosocial interventions for children with selective mutism (SM), a disorder in which a child consistently fails to speak in one or more social settings (e.g., school) despite speaking normally in other settings (e.g., home). The present literature review was undertaken in order to provide an up-to-date summary and critique of the SM treatment literature published in the past fifteen years. Methods:, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify SM treatment studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2005. Results:, A total of 23 studies were included in the present review. Of these, ten used a behavioral/cognitive behavioral approach, one used a behavioral language training approach, one used a family systems approach, five used a psychodynamic approach, and six used multimodal approaches to SM treatment. Conclusions:, Although much of this literature is limited by methodological weaknesses, the existing research provides support for the use of behavioral and cognitive-behavioral interventions. Multimodal treatments also appear promising, but the essential components of these interventions have yet to be established. An outline of a cognitive-behavioral treatment package for a typical SM child is provided and the review concludes with suggestions for future research. [source] Reaffirmation of Behavioral Approaches to Depression TreatmentCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCIENCE AND PRACTICE, Issue 4 2009Manuel Barrera Jr This meta-analytic review improved on the methods and scope of similar reviews but reached the same conclusion that behavioral activation (BA) therapies for adult depression are much more effective than control conditions and comparable with cognitive-behavioral interventions. Future research should strengthen our understanding of the mechanisms that account for the effectiveness of BA approaches and should provide more evidence on long-term maintenance. The resurgence of interest in BA was attributed to pioneering work of Lewinsohn and the components analysis research of Jacobson and colleagues, who demonstrated the effectiveness of behavioral elements of depression treatment relative to cognitive elements. [source] | ||||||||||