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Chiral Chromatography (chiral + chromatography)
Selected AbstractsTargeted lipidomics using electron capture atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometryRAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 19 2003Seon Hwa Lee There is an increasing need to be able to conduct quantitative lipidomics analyses as a complement to proteomics studies. The highest specificity for proteomics analysis can be obtained using methodology based on electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). For lipidomics analysis it is often necessary to be able to separate enantiomers and regioisomers. This can be very challenging when using methodology based on conventional reversed-phase chromatography. Normal-phase chromatography using chiral columns can provide dramatic improvements in the resolution of enantiomers and regioisomers. However, conventional ESI- and APCI-MS/MS has limited sensitivity, which makes it difficult to conduct studies in cell culture systems where only trace amounts of non-esterified bioactive lipids are present. The use of electron capture APCI-MS/MS overcomes this problem. Enantiomers and regioisomers of diverse bioactive lipids can be quantified using stable isotope dilution methodology coupled with normal-phase chiral chromatography and electron capture APCI-MS/MS. This methodology has allowed a lipidomics profile from rat epithelial cells maintained in culture to be delineated and allowed the effect of a non-selective lipoxygenase inhibitor to be assessed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Structure and epimerase activity of anthocyanidin reductase from Vitis viniferaACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 9 2009Mahmoud Gargouri Together with leucoanthocyanidin reductase, anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) is one of the two enzymes of the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway that produces the flavan-3-ol monomers required for the formation of proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins. It has been shown to catalyse the double reduction of anthocyanidins to form 2R,3R -flavan-3-ols, which can be further transformed to the 2S,3R isomers by non-enzymatic epimerization. ANR from grape (Vitis vinifera) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Unexpectedly, RP-HPLC, LC-MS and NMR experiments clearly established that the enzyme produces a 50:50 mixture of 2,3- cis and 2,3- trans flavan-3-ols which have been identified by chiral chromatography to be 2S,3S - and 2S,3R -flavan-3-ols, i.e. the naturally rare (+)-epicatechin and (,)-catechin, when cyanidin is used as the substrate of the reaction. The first three-dimensional structure of ANR is described at a resolution of 2.2,Å and explains the inactivity of the enzyme in the presence of high salt concentrations. [source] Synthesis, chiral separation, and absolute configuration of bis-(N -aryl) atropisomeric triads: 1,2-Bis-[4-methyl-2-(thi)oxo-2,3-dihydrothiazol-3-yl]-benzene,CHIRALITY, Issue 1 2009Christian Roussel Abstract In this work, a series of 1,2-bis-[4-methyl-2-(thi)oxo-2,3-dihydrothiazol-3-yl]-benzene has been prepared. These atropisomeric molecular triads were exclusively found to exist in the anti -form. They were separated into enantiomers by liquid chromatography on a chiral support. The absolute configurations of the enantiomers were determined using a chemical correlation method together with chiral chromatography. The barriers to interconversion of the enantiomers were determined. Chirality, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] New developments in the production and use of stereoselective antibodiesCHIRALITY, Issue S1 2005Heike Hofstetter Abstract This article describes the production of stereoselective antibodies using both classical immunological and modern molecular biological techniques. Stereoselective antibodies against ,-hydroxy acids were raised in rabbits and mice and compared with previously produced anti-,-amino acid antibodies. It was found that both types of antibodies combine stereoselectivity with class-specificity. Sequence analyses revealed that antibodies with opposing stereoselectivities can be formed during the affinity maturation process from a common progenitor or independently using nonhomologous binding sites. For the first time, phage display was employed to obtain stereoselective antibody fragments. The versatility of stereoselective antibodies as chiral selectors was demonstrated by applying them in several immunosensors and in chiral chromatography. A simple, membrane-based optical sensor allowed detection of enantiomeric impurities at the 1/2,000 level (99.9% ee). Silica-based antibody chiral stationary phases could be used for enantiomer separation of aliphatic amino acids in standard-sized columns, while miniaturized columns allowed interfacing with an MS-detector. Chirality 17:S9,S18, 2005. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||