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Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (acute + lymphoid_leukemia)
Selected AbstractsDeterminants of urinary 8-hydroxy-2,-deoxyguanosine in Chinese children with acute leukemiaENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY, Issue 5 2009You Yang Abstract The 8-hydroxy-2,-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized nucleoside of DNA, not only is a widely used biomarker for the measurement of endogenous oxidative DNA damage, but might also be a risk factor for many diseases including cancer. Elevated level of urinary 8-OHdG has been detected in patients with various malignancies. In the present study, the level of urinary 8-OHdG was examined in 116 Chinese children with acute leukemia (94 acute lymphoid leukemia, ALL, 22 acute myeloid leukemia, AML), and its correlation with urinary metal elements was investigated. Our result showed that the level of urinary 8-OHdG in children with acute leukemia before treatment was significantly elevated compared with that in normal controls (11.92 ± 15.42 vs. 4.03 ± 4.70 ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.05). In particular, urinary 8-OHdG was higher in children with acute leukemia aged under 3 years (20.86 ± 21.75 ng/mg creatinine) than in those aged 3,15 years (8.09 ± 9.65 ng/mg creatinine), whereas no differences were shown in terms of gender, parental smoking and education, household income, place of residence, and use of paracetamol. In addition, urinary 8-OHdG levels were similar among different subtypes of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) patients. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG and urinary Cr, but not Fe or As, in group aged <3 years compared with group aged 3,15 years (P = 0.041), indicating that the metal elements may be involved in increasing urinary 8-OHdG level in younger children with acute leukemia. Our results suggest that children with acute leukemia undergo an increased risk of oxidative DNA damage, which may be correlated with high level of Cr exposure in Chinese children with acute leukemia. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2009. [source] The t(1;9)(p34;q34) and t(8;12)(p11;q15) fuse pre-mRNA processing proteins SFPQ (PSF) and CPSF6 to ABL and FGFR1GENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 5 2008Claire Hidalgo-Curtis We have investigated two patients with acquired chromosomal rearrangements, a male presenting with a t(1;9)(p34;q34) and B cell progenitor acute lymphoid leukemia and a female presenting with a t(8;12)(p11;q15) and the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome. We determined that the t(1;9) fused ABL to SFPQ (also known as PSF), a gene mapping to 1p34 that encodes a polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated splicing factor. The t(8;12) fused CPSF6, a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor, to FGFR1. The fusions were confirmed by amplification of the genomic breakpoints and RT-PCR. The predicted oncogenic products of these fusions, SFPQ-ABL and CPSF6-FGFR1, are in-frame and encode the N-terminal domain of the partner protein and the entire tyrosine kinase domain and C-terminal sequences of ABL and FGFR1. SFPQ interacts with two FGFR1 fusion partners, ZNF198 and CPSF6, that are functionally related to the recurrent PDGFR, partner FIP1L1. Our findings thus identify a group of proteins that are important for pre-mRNA processing as fusion partners for tyrosine kinases in hematological malignancies. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The risk of thrombosis in patients with acute leukemia: occurrence of thrombosis at diagnosis and during treatmentJOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, Issue 9 2005V. DE STEFANO Summary.,Background:,Thromboembolism can occur during acute leukemia, especially acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) treated with l -asparaginase. Yet, most reports are anecdotical and scarce data are available on the risk of thrombosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Objectives:,To evaluate the risk of thrombosis in patients with acute leukemia. Patients and methods:,Three-hundred and seventy-nine consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia were recruited in an observational cohort study conducted from January 1994 to December 2003. Diagnosis was ALL in 69 patients, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; FAB subtype M3) in 31, and non-M3 AML in 279. All first or recurrent symptomatic thromboembolic events objectively diagnosed were recorded. Results:,Twenty-four patients of the overall 379 (6.3%; 95% CI 4.1%,9.2%) had a first thrombosis, venous in 80% of the cases and arterial in 20%. At diagnosis, thrombosis was a presenting manifestation in 13 cases (3.4% of the whole cohort): 1.4% in ALL, 9.6% in APL, and 3.2% in non-M3 AML patients. Follow-up was carried out on 343 patients without thrombosis at diagnosis and further 11 thrombotic events (3.2%) were recorded. At 6 months from diagnosis, the cumulative incidence of thrombosis was 10.6% in ALL, 8.4% in APL, and 1.7% in non-M3 AML patients. The patients who received l -asparaginase had a 4.9-fold increased risk of thrombosis in comparison with those who did not (95% CI 1.5,16.0). The fatality rate due to thrombosis was 0.8%. Conclusions:,In patients with acute leukemia, the risk of thrombosis is not negligible. Thombosis can be a presenting symptom at diagnosis in a significant portion of cases with APL (9.6%) and non-M3 AML (3.2%); a similar rate of thrombosis can occur during the subsequent course of the disease. The incidence of symptomatic thrombosis at diagnosis is relatively low in ALL patients (1.4%), but is significantly increased by further treatment up to 10.6%. Strategies of antithrombotic prophylaxis should be investigated in this setting. [source] Placing of tunneled central venous catheters prior to induction chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia,PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 2 2010Mette Møller Handrup MD Abstract Background Tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) are inevitable in children with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of CVC-related complications in children with ALL in relation to timing of catheter placement and type of catheter. Procedure All children hospitalized from January 2000 to March 2008 with newly diagnosed ALL and with double-lumen total implantable devices (TIDs) or tunneled external catheters (TEs) were included retrospectively. We only used data related to the patient's first catheter. Results We included 98 children; 35 received a TID and the remaining 63 received a TE. A total number of 29,566 catheter days and 93 catheter-associated blood stream infections (CABSI) was identified. We found a CABSI rate of 3.1/1,000 catheter days (5.4/1,000 catheter days for TEs and 1.4/1,000 catheter days for TIDs, incidence rate ratio (IRR) 3.82 (95% CI 2.37,6.35) P,=,0.0001). No difference was found in CABSI between neither early versus later placed TIDs (IRR,=,0.99 (95% CI 0.41,2.45) P,=,0.98) nor early versus later placed TEs (IRR,=,0.81 (95% CI 0.40,1.86) P,=,0.54). We found no difference between early and later placed catheters regarding non-elective removal (RR,=,0.86 (95% CI 0.72,1.03) P,=,0.09). TEs had a higher risk of non-elective removal compared with TIDs (RR,=,3.95 (95% CI 1.88,8.29) P,<,0.001). Conclusions The study did not find that children with ALL and with early placed CVCs experienced significantly more complications compared with children with late placed catheters. This study found that children with ALL and TEs experienced more complications than children with TIDs. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:309,313. © 2010 Wiley,Liss, Inc. [source] Phase II investigation of docetaxel in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumorsCANCER, Issue 8 2006A report from the Children's Oncology Group Abstract BACKGROUND Docetaxel, which is an antitubulin agent, has demonstrable activity against murine and human tumors. The current study was designed to determine response rates to docetaxel in various strata of recurrent solid tumors of childhood and to assess toxicity in a group of patients who were assigned to receive it. METHODS Docetaxel was given at a dose of 125 mg/m2 once every 21 days as a 1-hour intravenous infusion for a maximum of 12 courses. From January 1997 to November 2001, 109 male patients and 68 female patients (total, 177 patients) were enrolled, and 173 patients were eligible. The median patient age at entry was 13 years (range, 1-27 yrs). One hundred sixty patients were evaluable for response. RESULTS There were no deaths attributable to study drug. Hematologic toxicity was common during therapy. Dermatologic, neurologic, pulmonary, and infectious side effects as well as edema were significant. One patient each had acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, and high-grade glioma reported as secondary malignancies. One patient with osteosarcoma and 1 patient with rhabdomyosarcoma achieved a complete response. Partial responses were observed in patients with Ewing sarcoma (3 patients), osteosarcoma (1 patient), squamous cell carcinoma (1 patient), and medulloblastoma (1 patient). Seventeen patients had stable disease. The 1-year and 5-year overall survival rates for the 160 evaluable patients were 24% (standard error = 4%) and 6% (standard error = 2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Docetaxel demonstrated activity in patients with recurrent Ewing sarcoma but was found to be ineffective for treating the other types of recurrent solid tumors that were studied. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society. [source] | ||||||||||