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Acute Anterior Uveitis (acute + anterior_uveitis)
Selected AbstractsLongitudinal study of anterior segment inflammation by ultrasound biomicroscopy in patients with acute anterior uveitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2009Yang Peizeng Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to investigate dynamic changes in the anterior segment in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods:, Acute anterior uveitis was diagnosed in 18 patients according to history and ocular examinations. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed and the results at three time-points (within 2 weeks of the uveitis attack, and at 2,4 weeks and 6 weeks after it) were analysed. The relationships between clinical manifestations and UBM findings were also evaluated. Results:, All investigated AAU patients showed severe ciliary injection, numerous dust keratic precipitates (KPs), aqueous flare and inflammatory cells, and were treated predominantly with corticosteroid and cycloplegic eyedrops. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed a large number of cells in the anterior and posterior chamber, marked oedema and exudates in and around the iris and ciliary body within 2 weeks of AAU onset. These abnormalities were dramatically improved at 2,4 weeks and almost resolved at 6 weeks and thereafter. Conclusions:, Ultrasound biomicroscopy reveals severe inflammatory changes in and around the ciliary body in patients with AAU. These signs rapidly resolve upon treatment. [source] Acute anterior uveitis in primary careCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY, Issue 2 2007Ian F Gutteridge MScOptom FAAO Acute anterior uveitis is an important ocular disease of considerable interest to therapeutically and non-therapeutically qualified optometrists. This review examines the role of optometrists in the primary care setting and gives guidelines for appropriate care of patients with anterior uveitis. Diagnosis and differentiation from other forms of anterior segment inflammation are the initial requirement. In parallel, possible medical conditions associated with acute anterior uveitis must be considered, with appropriate referral to medical practitioners. In uncomplicated cases of recurrent acute anterior uveitis, optometrists can initiate topical treatment and monitor resolution of inflammation, while being aware of possible complications of both the disease and its treatment. It is especially important in new attacks of anterior uveitis to liaise with the patient's general practitioner about medical investigation for underlying disease. Atypical, complicated or severe anterior uveitis should be promptly referred for specialist care. [source] Enthesis inflammation in recurrent acute anterior uveitis without spondylarthritisARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 7 2009Santiago Muñoz-Fernández Objective To investigate whether patients with idiopathic recurrent acute anterior uveitis (AAU) have enthesis alterations comparable with those in patients with spondylarthritis (SpA). Methods A blinded, controlled study of enthesis evident on ultrasound (US) examination was performed in 100 patients and controls classified into 5 groups, as follows: patients with confirmed SpA (group 1), patients with recurrent AAU who were positive for HLA,B27 and did not have SpA (group 2), patients with recurrent AAU who were negative for HLA,B27 and did not have SpA (group 3), patients with forms of uveitis other than those related to SpA (group 4), and healthy controls (group 5). In total, 12 enthesis locations were explored in each patient and control subject by 2 ultrasonographers who were blinded with regard to the diagnosis. A newly developed US method, the Madrid Sonography Enthesitis Index (MASEI), in which the diagnosis of SpA is determined as a cutoff score of 18 points, was used. Results A total of 1,200 entheses were explored by US in 100 patients and controls. The MASEI cutoff limit was met or exceeded by 81%, 55.6%, 40%, 10%, and 19% of the subjects in the 5 groups, respectively. The MASEI score was significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than in groups 4 and 5. The differences between groups 1 and 3 were also found to be significant. Conclusion Our findings indicate that a high percentage of HLA,B27,positive patients with idiopathic recurrent AAU without features of SpA have enthesis lesions comparable with those seen in patients with SpA. These data suggest that patients with recurrent AAU, especially those who are HLA,B27 positive, have an abortive or incomplete form of SpA. [source] 1262: Symptoms and signs of anterior uveitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010I TUGAL-TUTKUN Purpose Based on the anatomic classification of uveitis, iritis and iridocyclitis are classified as anterior uveitis. Methods Symptoms and signs of anterior uveitis will be presented Results Patients with acute anterior uveitis typically present with red eyes, photophobia, ocular pain, and sometimes visual blurring. In chronic anterior uveitis, onset is usually insidious and patients may be asymptomatic until the development of complications. Ciliary injection, endothelial dusting or fine keratic precipitates (KPs), cells and flare in the anterior chamber with or without hypopyon formation or fibrinous exudate are the typical findings of alternating unilateral acute nongranulomatous anterior uveitis which is most commonly seen in association with HLA-B27 antigen and spondyloarthropaties. Medium-size KPs or large mutton-fat KPs, chronic flare, Koeppe and Busacca nodules of the iris, peripheral anterior synechiae and broad-based posterior synechiae are the typical findings of granulomatous anterior uveitis which is often chronic. Viral anterior uveitis is characterized by unilateral recurrent episodes of anterior uveitis characterized by endotheliitis, elevated intraocular pressure, and patchy or sectoral iris atrophy. JIA-associated anterior uveitis is typically a bilateral nongranulomatous chronic anterior uveitis often complicated by band keratopathy, seclusion of the pupil, and cataract. Conclusion Symptoms and signs in anterior uveitis vary depending on the acute or chronic, ganulomatous or nongranulomatous nature of the disease. Specific anterior uveitic entities are characterized by a distinct constellation of ocular signs. [source] 1266: Main anterior entities 1: non-granulomatousACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010P NERI Purpose To describe the clinical course, the laboratory work-up and the treatment of different types of anterior non-granulomatous uveitis. Methods The current literature is reviewed and the experience of a tertiary referral centre is reported. Results The lecture describes the most typical subsets of non-granulomatous uveitis. Most part of the talk is dedicated to the most common form of non-granulomatous anterior uveitis: the acute anterior uveitis (AAU), which is very often associated with the HLA-B27 allele. This antigen is also typically associated with the spondyloarthropathies, which are inflammatory joint diseases of the vertebral column. The correct interpretation of the clinical pattern can drive the decision towards the right therapeutic strategy. Other uveitis entities are described also. Conclusion Non-granulomatous uveitis is one of the most important ocular inflammations. It is mandatory to pay attention to the clinical findings and to the laboratory work-up, in order to achieve a good therapeutic approach. [source] 4151: Epidemiology of uveitis in the Middle East and North AfricaACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010M KHAIRALLAH Purpose Numerous studies have examined the pattern of uveitis around the world. Most of them are from western countries, including the USA and countries in Europe, and Eastern Asia. The aim of this presentation is to review the epidemiological characteristics of uveitis in the the Middle East and North Africa. Methods The epidemiologic data on uveitis available from the Middle East and North Africa were reviewed. Results Several recent studies addressed the pattern of uveitis in different countries, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Tunisia. Uveitis was most often seen in adults with a peak age at presentation in the third and fourth decades. There was no dramatic difference in gender distribution. Anterior uveitis was the most common anatomic form of uveitis, but a high rate of posterior uveitis and panuveitis was reported. A definitive or presumed specific diagnosis could be established for 57-87% of patients. The most common infectious entities were herpetic anterior uveitis, toxoplasmosis, and tuberculosis (Saudi Arabia). The most common identifiable non-infectious entities included Behçet's disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Conclusion Herpetic infection, toxoplasmosis, and tuberculosis are the most common infectious causes of uveitis in the Middle East and North Africa. Behçet's diease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease are the most common non-infectious uveitic entities.HLA-B27 acute anterior uveitis, ocular sarcoidosis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis are less common than in western countries. [source] Longitudinal study of anterior segment inflammation by ultrasound biomicroscopy in patients with acute anterior uveitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2009Yang Peizeng Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to investigate dynamic changes in the anterior segment in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods:, Acute anterior uveitis was diagnosed in 18 patients according to history and ocular examinations. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed and the results at three time-points (within 2 weeks of the uveitis attack, and at 2,4 weeks and 6 weeks after it) were analysed. The relationships between clinical manifestations and UBM findings were also evaluated. Results:, All investigated AAU patients showed severe ciliary injection, numerous dust keratic precipitates (KPs), aqueous flare and inflammatory cells, and were treated predominantly with corticosteroid and cycloplegic eyedrops. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed a large number of cells in the anterior and posterior chamber, marked oedema and exudates in and around the iris and ciliary body within 2 weeks of AAU onset. These abnormalities were dramatically improved at 2,4 weeks and almost resolved at 6 weeks and thereafter. Conclusions:, Ultrasound biomicroscopy reveals severe inflammatory changes in and around the ciliary body in patients with AAU. These signs rapidly resolve upon treatment. [source] Increased CD40 ligand in patients with acute anterior uveitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 3 2005Carsten Ĝgard Abstract. Purpose:,The inflammatory response in acute anterior uveitis (AU) is believed to be primarily mediated by autoreactive T-cells. We wanted to evaluate whether the T-cell activation marker CD40 ligand is involved in the AU immunopathogenesis. Methods:,We evaluated the expression of the CD40 ligand on CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and CD19+ B-cells on peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry in six patients with unilateral AU, six patients with monosymptomatic optic neuritis (ON) as inflammatory controls, and in six healthy controls. The ex vivo induction of the CD40 ligand on T-cells in patients and controls was also studied. Results:,A significantly higher expression of the CD40 ligand on both CD4+ (p < 0.05) and CD8+ (p < 0.05) T-cells in patients with AU compared to ON patients and healthy controls was found. There was a significantly higher induction of the CD40 ligand on CD8+ T-cells in AU patients compared to ON patients and healthy controls (p < 0.01). No differences in the B-cell population were observed between the three groups. Conclusion:,Patients with AU had increased expression of the CD40 ligand on T-cells in the blood and expressed higher levels of the CD40 ligand when stimulated, compared to ophthalmological inflammatory controls and healthy controls. The data suggest that the CD40 ligand is involved in the development of AU. [source] Acute anterior uveitis in primary careCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY, Issue 2 2007Ian F Gutteridge MScOptom FAAO Acute anterior uveitis is an important ocular disease of considerable interest to therapeutically and non-therapeutically qualified optometrists. This review examines the role of optometrists in the primary care setting and gives guidelines for appropriate care of patients with anterior uveitis. Diagnosis and differentiation from other forms of anterior segment inflammation are the initial requirement. In parallel, possible medical conditions associated with acute anterior uveitis must be considered, with appropriate referral to medical practitioners. In uncomplicated cases of recurrent acute anterior uveitis, optometrists can initiate topical treatment and monitor resolution of inflammation, while being aware of possible complications of both the disease and its treatment. It is especially important in new attacks of anterior uveitis to liaise with the patient's general practitioner about medical investigation for underlying disease. Atypical, complicated or severe anterior uveitis should be promptly referred for specialist care. [source] | ||||||||||