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Chronic Periodontal Disease (chronic + periodontal_disease)
Selected AbstractsThe 3020insC mutation of the NOD2/CARD15 gene in patients with periodontal diseaseEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 4 2004Matthias Folwaczny The 3020insC mutation of the NOD2/CARD15 gene leads to impaired activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- ,B) in vitro. As the destruction of periodontal tissue is mediated via activation of NF- ,B, with subsequent transcription of proinflammatory cytokines, the c-insertion mutation of the NOD2/CARD15 gene might contribute to the proposed genetic background of periodontitis. The present study analysed the frequency of this mutation in 80 patients with chronic periodontal disease and 122 healthy controls. The 3020insC mutation was identified by employing the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The prevalence of the 3020insC mutation of the NOD2/CARD15 protein in patients with periodontitis was 1.9% (three of 160) and that for the control group was 2.0% (five of 244) (P = 0.942). Hence, unlike in Crohn's disease, the 3020insC mutation of the NOD2/CARD15 gene does not seem to influence the pathophysiology of periodontitis. [source] Cytokine gene polymorphisms in periodontal disease: a meta-analysis of 53 studies including 4178 cases and 4590 controlsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 9 2008Georgios K. Nikolopoulos Abstract Aim: We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis, in order to investigate the potential association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with either aggressive or chronic periodontal disease. Material and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed. We retrieved a total of 53 studies summarizing information about 4178 cases and 4590 controls. Six polymorphisms were included in our meta-analysis which are the following: IL-1A G[4845]T, IL-1A C[,889]T, IL-1B C[3953/4]T, IL-1B T[,511]C, IL-6 G[,174]C and TNFA G[,308]A. Random effect methods were used for the analysis. We calculated the specific odds ratios along with their 95% confidence intervals to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between cases and controls. Results and Conclusions: Using random effect methods we found statistically significant association of IL-1A C[,889]T and IL-1B C[3953/4]T polymorphisms with chronic periodontal disease without any evidence of publication bias or significant statistical heterogeneity. A weak positive association was also found concerning IL-1B T[,511]C and chronic periodontal disease. No association was found for all the cytokines examined as far as the aggressive form of the disease is concerned. Future studies may contribute to the investigation of the potential multigenetic predisposition of the disease and reinforce our findings. [source] Predictive value of clinical and microbiological parameters for the treatment outcome of scaling and root planingJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 7 2005P. F. Brochut Abstract Objectives: To compare the clinical and microbiological outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy after 6 months with data obtained after hygienic phase or 6 weeks after completion of non-surgical therapy, in order to evaluate the value of clinical and microbiological parameters to predict treatment success. Material and Methods: Clinical and microbiological data were available from 271 sites in 10 systemically healthy non-smokers with moderate-to-advanced chronic periodontal disease (24,32 sites per individual). Subgingival plaque samples were tested for the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythensis and Treponema denticola using RNA probes. Results: Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant impact of the number of sites with visible plaque index >1 after hygienic phase on the bleeding tendency of a subject at month 6 (p<0.01). Furthermore, an association could be demonstrated between the number of residual pockets (PD>3 mm) 6 months after therapy and the number of bleeding sites and suppurating sites after hygienic phase (p=0.016). Six weeks after therapy, the mean total bacterial loads had a significant impact on the bleeding tendency of a subject at month 6 (p<0.01). Although the average numbers of sites with persisting P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. forsythensis and T. denticola seemed to be very similar 6 weeks and 6 months after therapy, large variations were noted between subjects, and therefore the microbiological status of a subject at week 6 could not predict the status at month 6. Conclusions: The present study showed a limited potential of microbiological tests, performed after hygienic phase or shortly after non-surgical periodontal therapy, to predict the clinical outcome 6 months later, but confirmed the importance of an establishment of perfect oral hygiene before non-surgical therapy. [source] Non-surgical periodontal treatment with a new ultrasonic device (VectorÔ-ultrasonic system) or hand instrumentsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2004A prospective, controlled clinical study Abstract Objectives: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study was to compare the effectiveness of a newly developed ultrasonic device to that of scaling and root planing for non-surgical periodontal treatment. Material and Methods: Thirty-eight patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontal disease were treated according to an "one-stage procedure" with either a newly developed ultrasonic device (VUS) (VectorÔ-ultrasonic system) or scaling and root planing (SRP) using hand instruments. Clinical assessments by plaque index (PlI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were made prior to and at 6 months after treatment. Differences in clinical parameters were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Mann and Whitney U -test. Results: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. The mean value of BOP decreased in the VUS group from 32% at baseline to 20% after 6 months (p<0.001) and in the SRP group from 30% at baseline to 18% after 6 months (p<0.001). The results have shown that at moderately deep sites (initial PD 4,5 mm) mean CAL changed in the test group from 4.6±1.2 to 4.2±1.6 mm (p< 0.001) and in the control group from 4.8±1.3 to 4.4±1.5 mm (p<0.001). At deep sites (inital PD>6 mm) mean CAL changed in the test group from 8.5±1.9 to 7.9±2.4 mm (p<0.001) and in the control group from 7.9±1.6 to 7.2±2.2 mm (p<0.001). No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were found between the two groups. Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal therapy with the tested ultrasonic device may lead to clinical improvements comparable to those obtained with conventional hand instruments. [source] PMN responses in chronic periodontal disease: evaluation by gingival crevicular fluid enzymes and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complexJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2002Rainer Buchmann Abstract Objectives: In the present trial, the hypothesis was examined that the local PMN responses in untreated and treated chronic periodontitis can be differentiated by gingival crevicular fluid lysosomal enzyme activities and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex. Methods: In nine subjects (average age 49.2 ± 7.1 years) with chronic periodontitis, clinical parameters and markers of the PMN-derived inflammatory tissue response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed before and 6 months after surgical periodontal therapy. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase (beta-NAH) and cathepsin D (CD) were analyzed as indicators of the PMN-associated host tissue destruction, and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex (alpha-1-EPI) as the major serum protein inactivating PMN elastase. The total activities of the lysosomal enzymes MPO and beta-NAH were evaluated spectrophotometrically, the CD levels by liquid scintillation counting with [14C] hemoglobin as substrate, and the total alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex using a sandwich-immunoassay. Results: The clinical parameters revealed a statistical significant decrease at the 6-month reexamination. PD levels dropped from 5.40 to 2.88 mm (change 2.52 ± 1.04 mm), the CAL scores from 6.67 to 4.43 mm (change 2.24 ± 0.77 mm). The 30 s GCF volumes dropped from 129.8 to 68.6, displaying a change of 61.1 ± 18.6, p , 0.05. The decrease in total MPO, beta-NAH and CD levels (medians: 1.7/0.6 µU MPO, 0.035/0.020 µU beta-NAH, 1.3/0.5 ng CD) following therapy was associated with a significant drop in total GCF amounts of alpha-1-EPI from 76.3 ng at baseline to 52.4 ng after 6 months. Conclusion: The clinical healing in chronic periodontal disease is associated with a downregulation of the local PMN responses following periodontal therapy. The reorganization of periodontal tissues is characterized by a decrease of lysosomal enzyme activities and the alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex in gingival crevicular fluid. [source] | ||||||||||