Chronic Osteomyelitis (chronic + osteomyelitis)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia resembling benign bone tumors

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2007
RYOSUKE SATO
First page of article [source]

Fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of bone lesions

CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2005
U. Handa
Objective:, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in combination with radiological examination has recently gained clinical recognition for evaluating skeletal lesions. We evaluated our experience with the use of FNA in diagnosing bone lesions with emphasis on areas of difficulty and limitations. Materials and Methods:, Over a period of 5 years FNA was performed in 66 cases of bone lesions. Aspirations were done by cytopathologists using 22-gauge needle. Out of 66 cases unsatisfactory aspirate was obtained in 12 cases. Cytohistological correlation was available in 19 cases. Results:, Adequate aspirates were categorized into neoplastic (27 cases) and non-neoplastic (27 cases) lesions. Of the 27neoplastic aspirates, 20 were malignant (12 primary, 8 metastatic deposits) and 7 were benign. In the malignant group osteosarcoma was correctly diagnosed in 3 cases while other 3 were labeled as sarcoma NOS because of lack of osteoid. Metastatic deposits were sub-typed in 6 cases; from renal cell carcinoma (3 cases), proststic adenocarcinoma, follicular carcinoma thyroid, and squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplastic group comprised of 6 cases of cysts and 21 cases of chronic osteomyelitis. Thirteen cases were diagnosed as tuberculous osteomyelitis. Conclusions:, FNA is a frequent indication in metastases in the bone where distinct cytologic features can even identify an unknown primary. However, diagnosis of primary tumours of the bone is limited by precise subtyping of the tumours. FNA has emerged as a cost effective tool for initial diagnosis of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the bone. [source]

Oral fungal and bacterial infections in HIV-infected individuals: an overview in Africa

ORAL DISEASES, Issue 2002
TA Hodgson
Oral opportunistic infections developing secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been reported from the early days of the epidemic and have been classified by both the EC-Clearinghouse and the World Health Organisation (WHO). Among the fungal infections, oral candidiasis, presenting in African HIV-infected patients has been sporadically documented. We review the literature with respect to candidal carriage, oral candidiasis prevalence and the predictive value of oral candidiasis for a diagnosis of underlying HIV disease in African HIV-infected patients. The use of oral candidiasis as a marker of disease progression, the species of yeasts isolated from the oral cavity in Africa and the resistance of the yeasts to antifungal agents and treatment regimens are discussed. Orofacial lesions as manifestations of the systemic mycoses are rarely seen in isolation and few cases are reported in the literature from Africa. In spite of the high incidence of noma, tuberculosis, chronic osteomyelitis and syphilis in Africa, surprisingly there have been very few reported cases of the oral manifestations of these diseases in HIV-positive individuals. Orofacial disease in HIV-infected patients is associated with marked morbidity, which is compounded by malnutrition. The authors indicate specific research areas, initially directed at the most effective management strategies, which would complete data in this important area. [source]

Reversal of Sleep-Disordered Breathing with Opioid Withdrawal

PAIN PRACTICE, Issue 5 2009
Kannan Ramar MD
Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, sleep related hypoventilation, Biot's or ataxic breathing, and cluster breathing are some of the commonly described sleep disorders in patients who are on long-term opioids. Continuous positive airway pressure that is commonly used to treat obstructive sleep apnea may not be effective in treating sleep-disordered breathing in long-term opioid users, and an adaptive servoventilator (ASV) may be needed. We present a 30-year-old woman with excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep-disordered breathing for the past 4 years. Medical history was complicated by chronic osteomyelitis, periorbital abscess, and chronic facial pain requiring methadone for pain control for the last 4 years. In this case, ASV, though effective, was not tolerable due to chronic facial pain, and successful withdrawal of methadone at our pain rehabilitation center resolved the sleep-disordered breathing and improved daytime sleepiness. This is to our knowledge the first case report of resolution of sleep-disordered breathing and improvement in daytime sleepiness after withdrawal of long-term opioid use. [source]

Neutrophil dysfunction in a family with a SAPHO syndrome,like phenotype

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 10 2008
Polly J. Ferguson
SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) is an inflammatory disorder of the bone, skin, and joints. We describe a family with multiple affected members who segregate a SAPHO syndrome,like phenotype, and we report the results of neutrophil studies and candidate gene analysis. We obtained written informed consent and a family history and reviewed medical records. We collected DNA and sequenced candidate genes, and we performed functional studies on neutrophils isolated from the proband and her mother. The pedigree segregated chronic osteomyelitis and cutaneous inflammation in a pattern that suggested an autosomal-dominant disorder. No coding sequence mutations were detected in PSTPIP1,PSTPIP2, LPIN2, SH3BP2, or NCF4. Analysis of neutrophil function in the proband, including nitroblue tetrazolium tests, myeloperoxidase assays, neutrophil chemotaxis, and neutrophil chemotaxis assays, revealed no identifiable abnormalities. However, an abnormality in the luminol, but not the isoluminol, respiratory burst assays following stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was detected in neutrophils isolated from the affected proband. Internal oxidant production was also reduced in the proband and her mother when neutrophils were treated with fMLP with or without platelet-activating factor, PMA alone, or tumor necrosis factor , alone. This family segregates a disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the skin and bone. Functional differences in neutrophils exist between affected individuals and controls. The biologic significance of this defect remains unknown. Identification of the gene defect will help identify an immunologic pathway that, when dysregulated, causes inflammation of the skin and bone. [source]

Group A streptococcal osteomyelitis: severe presentation and course

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 1 2003
D Turner
Aim: To evaluate the course of group A streptococcal osteomyelitis associated with severe disease nowadays. Methods: Three consecutive cases of severe group A streptococcal disease with osteomyelitis in children that were documented in Beer Sheva, Israel are described in detail. Results: Two of the three cases were postvaricella. Early in the course of the disease, the presentation resembled that of severe cellulitis. All three patients had severe osteomyelitis and required surgery, and one patient developed chronic osteomyelitis. Sepsis was diagnosed in two cases. Conclusion: Our cases are distinguishable from typical haematogenous staphylococcal osteomyelitis by the severe course and the extensive involvement of bone and soft tissues. The increase in severity of invasive group A streptococcal infections documented throughout the world could account for the difference between our complex cases and the previous reports. [source]