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Chromatin Pattern (chromatin + pattern)
Selected AbstractsCytopathological diagnosis of adult retinoblastoma in a vitrectomy specimen,DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Maria E. Orellana M.D. Abstract Retinoblastoma (RB) is extremely rare in adults. We describe a case of RB diagnosed by cytology in a vitrectomy specimen of a 23-year-old patient who presented with diminished visual acuity and retinal detachment in the absence of a clinically-visible mass. Cytological examination of the vitreous fluid showed clusters of loosely cohesive atypical cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and "salt and pepper" chromatin pattern in a background of normal neuronal retinal cells. Nuclear molding was present as well as numerous apoptotic bodies. The cells were focally positive for epithelial markers and showed strong and diffuse positivity for neuroendocrine markers. Ki-67 stained 90% of the "atypical cells" nuclei, in contrast to nonneoplastic retinal neuronal cells, which were negative for the marker. A diagnosis of RB was rendered, and subsequently was confirmed in the enucleation specimen. The cytological differential diagnosis is discussed as well as the role that cytology and immunohistochemistry can play in differentiating neoplastic cells from normal retinal cellular elements in vitreous fluid specimens. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions in fine-needle aspiration smears of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A study of its morphological forms, association with nuclear grooves, and mode of formationDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2005D.SC., Dilip K. Das M.B.B.S., Ph.D. Abstract Intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusion (INCI) and nuclear grooves in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represent cytoplasmic invaginations into the nucleus. Although formation of INCIs is linked to nuclear grooves, they seldom exist together. This study was undertaken to find out the various morphological forms of INCIs, their relation to nuclear grooves, and mode of formation. FNA smears of 54 PTC cases were studied for various forms of INCI, nuclear chromatin pattern, nuclear grooves, and nuclear notches. A differential count of INCIs was made in 19 cases having ,10 INCIs per 200 neoplastic cells. INCIs were present in 48 (88.9%) of 54 PTC cases. Round INCIs were present in 46 (85.2%) cases, followed by oval (48.1%), tear drop/flask-shaped (18.5%), irregular (14.8%), planoconvex/semicircular (13%), rectangular (9.3%), spindle-shaped (3.7%), and bilobed (3.7%). A differential count of INCIs also showed that the round form was the commonest (76.3%). The oval and other forms constituted 19.5 and 4.2%, respectively. INCIs and nuclear grooves were present together in a cell in 15 (27.8%) cases. The formation of INCIs as a cytoplasmic invagination into the nucleus was shown cytomorphologically in rare cells. For the first time in this study, the various morphological forms of INCIs, and the extent of their coexistence with nuclear grooves, (have been highlighted) and showed their mode of formation shown at a light microscopic level. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;32:264,268. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pleomorphic hyalinized angiectatic tumor: A case reportDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Oscar Lin M.D., Ph.D. Abstract Pleomorphic hyalinized angiectatic tumor (PHAT) of soft parts is a neoplasm characterized by spindle and pleomorphic cells associated with an angiectatic vasculature. We describe the cytological findings of a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) from the right medial knee of a 45-yr-old woman. The aspirate material was entirely submitted in Cytolit solution. The specimen was moderately cellular and was comprised of spindle cells in a background of fibrinous material. The cells varied from small, bland spindle cells with a fine chromatin pattern and inconspicuous nucleoli to larger pleomorphic cells with coarser chromatin and occasional intranuclear inclusions. Most of the cells were arranged singly with sporadic small cluster formation with indistinct cell borders. Rare mononuclear inflammatory cells morphologically compatible with mast cells were identified. The differential diagnosis include solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and ancient schwannoma, which also shows fibrous-like material and spindle cells that may have intranuclear inclusions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2005;32:238,242. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Blastic natural killer cell lymphoma arising from the mediastinum with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expressionPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2001Kouichi Isobe Blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma/leukemia is a relatively rare NK cell malignancy. We report the second case of blastic NK cell lymphoma arising from the mediastinum with an aggressive clinical course. The patient was a 63-year-old Japanese man with an anterior mediastinum tumor. The biopsy specimen showed diffuse proliferation of tumor cells with frequent mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies. Both angiocentric features and small foci of coagulative necrosis were found in this section. The tumor cells had medium to large nuclei with a fine chromatin pattern, inconspicuous nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm. The nuclear contour was oval to moderately irregular, showing slight pleomorphism as compared with typical lymphoblastic lymphoma. The tumor cells were positive for CD2, CD56 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, but negative for other T-cell antigens, B-cell antigens and myeloid markers. In situ hybridization for Epstein,Barr virus encoded small ribonucleic acid 1 was negative. [source] Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of small cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma in bronchial lavage specimens using a regression analysisAPMIS, Issue 2 2010EBRU CAKIR Cakir E, Demirag F, Aydin M. Cytopathologic differential diagnosis of small cell carcinoma and poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma in bronchial lavage specimens using a regression analysis. APMIS 2010; 118: 150,55. The aim of this study was to determine the most significant cytologic features to differentiate small cell carcinoma (SCC) from poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma (NSCC) in bronchial lavage specimens. Bronchial lavage specimens from 35 SCC cases and 63 poorly differentiated NSCC cases were examined and the cytologic parameters reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-five cytologic features considered useful in differential diagnosis were assessed. Statistical analysis indicated that salt and pepper chromatin, small cell size and nuclear molding have more than 90% sensitivity and 70% specificity for SCC cases. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the most effective criteria to differentiate SCC from poorly differentiated NSCC are small cell size, salt and pepper chromatin, prominent nucleolus and papilla formation. When these selected variables were used, sensitivity for predicting SCC was 94.3% and specificity 96.8%, and sensitivity for predicting NSCC was 96.8% and specificity 94.3%. There are several cytologic features, which are highly sensitive and specific for distinguishing SCC from NSCC. Nuclear features such as chromatin pattern, and size of the nucleoli and nuclei are more valuable than cytoplasmic features to distinguish between the two. [source] | ||||||||||