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Cervical HPV Infection (cervical + hpv_infection)
Selected AbstractsHuman papillomavirus infection and cervical abnormalities in Nairobi, Kenya, an area with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infectionJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 5 2008Rika Yamada Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical abnormalities, and their association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied in 488 women who visited a health center in Nairobi. PCR-based HPV and cervical cytology tests were carried out on all participants, and peripheral CD4+ T cells and plasma HIV RNA were quantitated in HIV positive women. HIV were positive in 32% (155/488) of the women; 77% of these were untreated, and the others had been treated with anti-retroviral drugs within 6 months. Cervical HPV infection was detected in 17% of HIV negative and 49% of HIV positive women. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were observed in 6.9% of HIV negative and 21% of HIV positive women, while high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cancer were seen in 0.6% and 5.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that HIV and HPV infections were associated with each other. Cervical lesions were significantly associated with high-risk HPVs and with HIV infection, depending on HPV infection. HPV infection increased in accordance with lower CD4+ T cell counts and higher HIV RNA levels, and high-grade lesions were strongly associated with high-risk HPV infection and low CD4+ T cell counts. Immunosuppression as a result of HIV infection appears to be important for malignant progression in the cervix. Nationwide prevention of HIV infection and cervical cancer screening are necessary for the health of women in this area. High-risk HPV infection and low CD4+ T cell counts are the risk factors for cervical cancer. J. Med. Virol. 80:847,855, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Low rate of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women screened for cervical HPV infection in Southern Italy: A cross-sectional study of 140 immunocompetent subjectsJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 8 2009Nicoletta Termine Abstract Even though the natural history of cervical and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been investigated intensely, the possibility that HPV may infect both sites in the same subject is not well documented. This study investigated the frequency of concurrent oral and cervical HPV infection in southern Italian women, in the light of some selected socio-behavioral variables. One hundred forty women (mean age: 36 years), with known cervical HPV status, were analyzed for oral HPV. Age, smoking/drinking habits, clinical and socio-behavioral history were assessed by personal interviews. Oral mucosal cells were collected by oral brushing and HPV DNA was sought by the use of nested PCR amplification followed by direct DNA sequencing and the commercial assay INNOLiPA HPV Genotyping (Innogenetics N.V., Ghent, Belgium). The data were analyzed by using the chi-square test and a logistic regression (logit) model (P,<,0.05 statistically significant). Oral HPV infection was detected in 2/140 (1.4%) cases, being present in 2/76 (2.6%) women with cervical HPV infection and 0/64 uninfected women (P,=,0.19). A lack of type-specific concordance in the two patients with concurrent infection was observed. In the sample of population examined, HPV cervical infection does not seem to predispose to oral transmission, even in the presence of oral,genital sexual habits, thus suggesting the independence of infection at the two mucosal sites. J. Med. Virol. 81:1438,1443, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cervical and oral human papillomavirus types in HIV-1 positive and negative women with cervical disease in South AfricaJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 6 2008Dianne J. Marais Abstract This study tested cervical and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV-1 seropositive (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV,) women to determine any association between infections at both sites and the difference in prevalence of the HPV types infecting these women. Participants were 115 women referred to a colposcopy clinic after diagnosis of abnormal cervical cytology. The women showed low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1) or high grade disease (CIN2/3) or no CIN based on colposcopy and histology. Typing of HPV in cervical and oral cells was by Roche linear array and included direct sequencing on selected oral samples. Cervical HPV prevalence was 86.5% and 97.1% in HIV, and HIV+ women respectively. With the exception of HPV-45, prominent in HIV+ women, the hierarchy of predominant types were similar in HIV, and HIV+ women. HPV-16 was most prevalent in both HIV+ (41.7%) and HIV, women (38.5%) with CIN2/3. Significantly more HIV+ women had multiple cervical (>1) infections than HIV, women (36.1% vs. 88.2%, P,<,0.001) and more oral HPV infections (45.5% and 25% respectively; P,=,0.04). The most prevalent oral HPV types were HPV-33, -11, and -72. The majority of women did not have concordant oral and cervical HPV types, reflecting possible independence of infection at the two sites. HIV immune suppression did not impact significantly on the predominant types of cervical HPV infection (except for HPV-45). HIV+ women had more multiple HPV infections and those with severe cervical disease a similar prevalence of HIV-16 but a lower HPV-18 prevalence than HIV, women. J. Med. Virol. 80:953,959, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Photodynamic therapy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with hexaminolevulinate,LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE, Issue 9 2008Philipp Soergel MD Abstract Background and Objective CIN is a disease of women in their reproductive years, and treatment includes excisional techniques with increased risk of preterm deliveries. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical precursor of photoactive porphyrins may be a non-invasive alternative with minimal side effects. This study assessed the feasibility and response rate of PDT with hexaminolevulinate (HAL) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Study Design/Materials and Methods Twenty four patients with a CIN 2 or 3 or a persistent CIN 1 and a positive high-risk HPV-DNA test were included. Each patient had gynaecologic examination including cervical cytology, HPV DNA testing, colposcopy and biopsy. Ten milliliters of HAL-thermogel (10 mM) were topically applied to the cervix for 3,5 hours, followed by 1,000 seconds of illumination of both ecto- and endocervical canal with red coherent light (wave length 633 nm) using a PDT laser and a special light catheter. Follow-up examinations were carried out after 3 (cytology, colposcopy, HPV DNA testing, and if needed re-PDT) and 6 months. Results Seven, 10, and 7 patients had a CIN 1, 2, or 3, respectively. Treatment could be accomplished in all cases and no severe side effects were encountered. Fifteen out of the 24 patients had a complete response (15/24,=,63%) and a HPV remission 6 months after 1,3 treatments. The remission rates were 71%, 50%, and 71% for CIN 1, 2 and 3. Conclusion HAL PDT seems to be a non-invasive, repeatable procedure for CIN and cervical HPV infection with minimal side effects which can be easily performed on outpatient basis. Lesers Surg. Med. 40:611,615, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Multiple human papilloma virus types in cervical infections: competition or synergy?APMIS, Issue 5 2010NINA MEJLHEDE Mejlhede N, Pedersen BV, Frisch M, Fomsgaard A. Multiple human papilloma virus types in cervical infections: competition or synergy? APMIS 2010; 118: 346,52. Coinfection with multiple human papilloma virus (HPV) types is common in cervical HPV infection. To evaluate if infections with different HPV types occur independently, we examined 3558 women above 15 years of age suspected of cervical HPV infection. Among them, 1842 (52%) women were HPV negative and 1716 (48%) were HPV positive as analysed by a PCR-based commercial microarray assay for mucosal types. Of the HPV-positive samples, 824 (48%) had single infections, while 892 (52%) had multiple infections. Observed numbers of concurrent HPV types differed from expected numbers under the assumption of independence between infections by the various HPV types. Significant positive associations were observed for 16 pairs of HPV types in statistical analysis accounting for mass significance. Significant negative associations were also found, i.e. women with HPV-16 infection had 0.4 times the odds of having HPV-51 compared with women not infected with HPV-16. HPV-16 was the only type with odds ratios <1 for all pairwise combinations. While our findings of statistically significant coexistence do not prove biological dependence among HPV types, they do suggest that infections with some HPV types may depend on the existence of certain other HPV types. Any interaction between coexisting HPV types could either decrease or increase the efficacy of current HPV vaccines that offer mainly type-specific protection, depending on whether the types vaccinated against compete with other HPV types or not. [source] | ||||||||||