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Cell Lymphoma (cell + lymphoma)
Kinds of Cell Lymphoma Terms modified by Cell Lymphoma Selected AbstractsPrimary Cutaneous CD30 Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in an AdolescentPEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Reena Vaid M.D. MRI, bone marrow biopsy, and laboratory data demonstrated no other systemic involvement. He was treated with radiation and low-dose oral methotrexate, with improvement of the lesion and lymphadenopathy. Very few cases of primary cutaneous CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in the pediatric population have been reported, and our case represents one of the first pediatric patients with local lymph node involvement. [source] Transmission of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma via Organ Donation After Cardiac DeathAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2008J. W. Harbell Recently, donation after cardiac death (DCD) has been encouraged in order to expand the donor pool. We present a case of anaplastic T-cell lymphoma transmitted to four recipients of solid organ transplants from a DCD donor suspected of having bacterial meningitis. On brain biopsy, the donor was found to have anaplastic central nervous system T-cell lymphoma, and the recipient of the donor's pancreas, liver and kidneys were found to have involvement of T-cell lymphoma. The transplanted kidneys and pancreas were excised from the respective recipients, and the kidney and pancreas recipients responded well to chemotherapy. The liver recipient underwent three cycles of chemotherapy, but later died due to complications of severe tumor burden. We recommend transplanting organs from donors with suspected bacterial meningitis only after identification of the infectious organism. In cases of lymphoma transmission, excision of the graft may be the only chance at long-term survival. [source] Mantle Cell Lymphoma in the Ocular RegionACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2008S HEEGAARD Purpose To characterize the clinicopathological features of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in the ocular region. Methods All lymphoid lesions were retrieved searching the Danish Ocular Lymphoma Database 1980-2007. Specimens were collected from Danish pathology departments and re-evaluated with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. For all patients with confirmed MCL the complete clinical files were collected and reviewed. Results Twenty-one patients with MCL were identified comprising nine percent (21/230) of all lymphomas in the ocular region. There were 18 male and three female patients with an age range from 60 to 90 years (median 75 years). Ocular region MCL as first presenting symptom included 67% of the patients. Of these, 71% had bilateral involvement and all had lymphoma in more than one site within the ocular region. The orbit (71%) and eyelids (64%) were the most commonly affected sites. At the time of diagnosis 93% of the patients were in Ann Arbor stage III/IV, with bone marrow involvement (79%) and B-symptoms (50%). Median overall survival (OS) was 30 months and the five-year OS rate was 21%. Patients receiving anti-CD20 (Rituximab)-containing chemotherapy had a significant better 5-year OS rate (80 %) (p < 0,027) than patients in treatment regimes without Rituximab (5-year OS rate, 29%). Conclusion MCL presenting in the ocular region has a male predominance and affects elderly patients. The orbit and eyelids were frequently involved. Patients with ocular region MCL as first presenting symptom had a high proportion of bilateral affection. Patients had advanced stage disease at diagnosis, multiple relapses and a low 5-year OS rate similar to systemic MCL. Treatment with Rituximab-containing chemotherapy improved survival significantly. [source] Inverse correlation between IL-7 receptor expression and CD8 T cell exhaustion during persistent antigen stimulationEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Abstract Persistence is a hallmark of infection by viruses such as HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and LCMV. In the case of LCMV, persistence may often be associated with exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. We demonstrate here that persistent antigen suppressed IL-7R, expression and this correlated with T cell exhaustion and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). In contrast, exposure to short-lived antigen only temporarily suppressed IL-7R, expression, failed to induce T cell exhaustion, and primed T cells. Persistent antigen also suppressed IL-7R, expression on primed T cells and this correlated with exhaustion of a previously stable primed T cell population. These findings suggest that antigen longevity regulates T cell fate. [source] Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations: Prevalence, FISH analysis for FGFR1 and MYST3, and clinicopathologic correlates in a consecutive cohort of 13 cases from a single institution,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Mrinal M. Patnaik Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations result in diverse oncogenic fusion genes involving FGFR1 or MYST3. Among 24,262 unique patient cytogenetic studies performed at the Mayo Clinic, 8p11.2 translocations were identified in 14 cases (,0.06%). FISH analysis was performed in 13 patients (12 had myeloid neoplasms) and revealed abnormalities of MYST3 (n = 4) or FGFR1 (n = 4) in eight patients. MYST3 abnormalities were associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), M4 in three and M6 in one. Three of the four FGFR1 -rearranged cases were associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms but none, including the two with sole 8p11.2, displayed the typical phenotype for stem cell leukemia/lymphoma (SCLL) and only one had eosinophilia; the fourth case had AML-M4. FISH did not reveal FGFR1 involvement in the one patient with SCLL. We conclude that neither the SCLL phenotype nor blood eosinophilia is a consistent feature of FGFR1 -associated 8p11.2 translocations; conversely, FISH might not always reveal FGFR1 involvement in typical SCLL. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Clinical utility of CD23 and FMC7 antigen coexistent expression in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder subclassificationCYTOMETRY, Issue 1 2002Ejaz Ahmad Abstract Background: CD23 and FMC7 are normal B-cell antigens utilized during diagnostic immunophenotyping of suspected lymphoproliferative disorders. However, the diagnostic utility of coexistent antigenic expression patterns with simultaneous two-color staining and flow cytometric analysis has not been studied extensively. Methods: Using multiparameter flow cytometry, we evaluated the expression pattern of FMC7 and CD23 in 218 cases of B-cell lymphoma from blood and bone marrow specimens. Results: The CD23(+)/FMC7(-) pattern was the most common pattern in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and related variants. The widest variation of patterns was found in patients with follicular cell lymphoma, large cell lymphoma, and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a lymphoplasmacytoid disorder, although most cases expressed the CD23-/FMC7(+) pattern. The CD23 and FMC7 antigen, along with the CD5 coexpression pattern, provides critical adjunctive data. These data allow accurate classification of the majority of cases, thereby providing a key aspect of a reliable diagnostic algorithm. The CD23 and FMC7 antigen expression pattern, along with selected other antigens, was predictive of subtypes in >95% of lymphoproliferative cases and narrowed the differential diagnosis in the remaining cases. Conclusion: The flow cytometric CD23/FMC7 expression pattern achieved by multicolor immunophenotyping facilitates accurate and reproducible classification of B-cell lymphomas and has diagnostic utility. Cytometry (Clin. Cytometry) 50:1,7, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Multiple cutaneous relapses in an adolescent in anaplastic large cell lymphoma diagnosed by FNACCYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2008S. Mandal No abstract is available for this article. [source] Role of ancillary techniques in diagnosing and subclassifying non-Hodgkin's lymphomas on fine needle aspiration cytologyCYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2006P. DeyArticle first published online: 8 SEP 200 Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are tumours of the lymphoid cells. During the process of development of lymphoid cells, neoplasia may evolve at any point. Neoplastic cells usually carry the imprint of cell of origin at the stage of origin. Various types of NHL may have similar morphology with wide variation in origin, immunophenotype and other biological features. Different ancillary laboratory techniques may help to overcome the limitations of morphology in this aspect. The commonly used ancillary techniques in lymphomas are immunocytochemistry (IC), flow cytometry, Southern blot (SB) technique, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In addition, laser scanning cytometry (LSC) and DNA microarray technologies are in the research phase. Various laboratory techniques are used for immunophenotyping, demonstration of monoclonality, identification of chromosomal translocation, assessment of cell kinetics and expression of mRNA in the tumour cells. Flow cytometry helps in rapid immunophenotying of NHL and it has an added advantage over IC in recognizing the co-expression of CD markers. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) combined with flow immunophenotyping may help us to diagnose and subclassify certain NHLs, such as follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma, which were previously recognized as pure morphological entities. Loss of morphology is one of the important limitations of flow cytometry. LSC can overcome this limitation by studying morphology along with the immunophenotyping pattern of individual cells. Chromosomal changes in NHL can be identified by SB, PCR and FISH. Molecular diagnosis of NHL helps in diagnosis, subclassification, prognostic assessment and even in planning of therapy. DNA microarray is a relatively newer and promising technology. It gives information about the expression of several thousands of genes in a tumour in a single experiment. In the near future, FNAC combined with ancillary techniques may play a major role in diagnosis, subclassification and management of lymphomas. [source] Posttranslational regulation of BCL2 levels in cerebellar granule cells: A mechanism of neuronal survivalDEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY, Issue 13 2009Laura Lossi Abstract Apoptosis can be modulated by K+ and Ca2+ inside the cell and/or in the extracellular milieu. In murine organotypic cultures, membrane potential-regulated Ca2+ signaling through calcineurin phosphatase has a pivotal role in development and maturation of cerebellar granule cells (CGCs). P8 cultures were used to analyze the levels of expression of B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) protein, and, after particle-mediated gene transfer in CGCs, to study the posttranslational modifications of BCL2 fused to a fluorescent tag in response to a perturbation of K+/Ca2+ homeostasis. There are no changes in Bcl2 mRNA after real time PCR, whereas the levels of the fusion protein (monitored by calculating the density of transfected CGCs under the fluorescence microscope) and of BCL2 (inWestern blotting) are increased. After using a series of agonists/antagonists for ion channels at the cell membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and drugs affecting protein synthesis/degradation, accumulation of BCL2 was related to a reduction in posttranslational cleavage by macroautophagy. The ER functionally links the [K+]e and [Ca2+]i to the BCL2 content in CGCs along two different pathways. The first, triggered by elevated [K+]e under conditions of immaturity, is independent of extracellular Ca2+ and operates via IP3 channels. The second leads to influx of extracellular Ca2+ following activation of ryanodine channels in the presence of physiological [K+]e, when CGCs are maintained in mature status. This study identifies novel mechanisms of neuroprotection in immature and mature CGCs involving the posttranslational regulation of BCL2. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2009 [source] Cytologic features and frequency of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the lymph nodes of patients with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease)DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 7 2010I.A.C., Koji Kishimoto C.T., Ph.D. Abstract Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL), also known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, is a benign and self-limiting disease. It is histologically characterized by nodal lesions that show the infiltration of histiocytes, lymphoid cells, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), along with either apoptotic or karyorrhexic nuclear debris. pDCs have been proposed to be lymphoid early-committed immature DCs which are positive for CD123, CD303, CD68, and HLA-DR but negative for fascin, a mature DC marker, as well as CD13 and CD33,which are mDC markers. In the present study, we analyzed the cytomorphologic features and frequency of pDCs in the lymph nodes of HNL patients. Because the cytologic apprearance of pDCs with Papanicolau staining was quite similar to that of large lymphocytes, immunocytochemistry against CD123 was necessary for the distinction of pDCs. Counting the number of CD123-positive pDCs in the HNL lymph nodes revealed that pDCs more frequently infiltrated the lymph nodes in the setting of HNL than in either reactive lymphadenitis or T and B cell lymphoma. In addition, interestingly, the numberof pDCs did not depend on the age of the HNL lesion, thus suggesting that pDCs are excellent indicators for the cytologic diagnosis of HNL. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cytomorphology of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder: Report of two casesDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 8 2008Guoping Cai M.D. Abstract Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the urinary bladder is a rare variant of high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Here, we report urine cytologic findings in two cases of this rare entity, the diagnosis of which was confirmed by histopathological examination of the resected tumors. The cytomorphologic features included large tumor cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli, presented as single cells or intermixed with inflammatory cells. The differential diagnosis included otherwise typical high-grade urothelial carcinoma, reactive urothelial cells and rarely large cell lymphoma. The rarity of the tumor cells may impose a diagnostic challenge in urine specimen. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008; 36: 600,603. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Detection of a subset of CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridizationDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Hyung Ju C. Shin M.D. Abstract T/null-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a morphologically and clinically heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; to date several morphologic variants have been described on histologic specimens. However, the cytologic features of these variants in the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens have not been well evaluated. The t(2;5)(p23;q35) has been identified in a subset of T/null-ALCL and is known to be associated with a favorable prognosis. We reviewed the cytomorphologic characteristics in 24 FNA specimens of ALCL. In all cases, the diagnosis was confirmed on histologic specimens, and immunohistochemical studies for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein expression were performed on the aspirates. The presence of ALK breakpoints were evaluated in nine cases, using a DNA break-apart probe on chromosome 2 covering the ALK gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Two hundred cells per case were examined. The results were expressed as the percentage of cells containing more than two signals of chromosome 2 to the total number of cells counted. FNA sites included lymph nodes (20), lung (2), breast (1), and soft tissue (1). The median age of the patients was 56 yr (range, 17,75 yr). Twenty cases had systemic involvement; in four cases, skin was the primary site with secondary involvement of the lymph nodes. All cases were CD30+ by immunohistochemistry; 20 were of T-cell phenotype and 4 were null cell type. The cytologic evaluation revealed typical anaplastic morphology (common type) with many "hallmark cells" in 16 (67%) cases. Other morphologic variants identified were small cell pattern in five cases, monomorphic pattern in two cases, and lymphohistiocytic pattern in one case. FISH studies showed that six (66.7%) of nine cases had at least two signals of chromosome 2, consistent with ALK breakpoints. With careful cytomorphologic evaluation in conjunction with appropriate immunohistochemical studies, a diagnosis of ALCL can be confidently made in the FNA specimens in the cellular aspirates and its morphologic variants also can be recognized. Furthermore, the FNA specimen is suitable in detecting ALK breakpoints by FISH study, permitting rapid identification of a subset of patients with ALCL, who may have a favorable prognosis. Using a commercially available probe, detection of ALK breakpoints in the FNA specimens is simple and can be a useful diagnostic adjunct in cases where distinction from other lymphomas or lymphoid lesions is morphologically difficult. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;29:61,66. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Sample pooling in 2-D gel electrophoresis: A new approach to reduce nonspecific expression backgroundELECTROPHORESIS, Issue 22 2006Marc Weinkauf Abstract Protein expression alterations unrelated to an investigated phenotype are accumulated in most cell line models during establishment. Performing a whole proteome screening of lymphoma cell lines, we established a method to reduce the influence of protein expression unrelated to the distinct investigated phenotype. In 2-D PAGE, the comprehensive analysis of a large number of protein spots would be simplified by pooling cell line samples of the investigated phenotype. Applying this pooling approach, unrelated alterations of single samples are ,muted' by dilution. Analysing two different lymphoma subtypes (follicular and mantle cell lymphoma) by this method, spots originating in only single cell lines were reduced by 72% (650/900), whereas even modestly altered expression of protein spots detected in all lines were reliably detected in the pooled protein gels. We conclude that our pooling approach is a preferable approach to reliably detect a common protein expression pattern and may even allow proteomic analysis of clinical samples with limited amounts of sample material, even with minimal cell numbers as low as 1×106. [source] Onco-miR-155 targets SHIP1 to promote TNF,-dependent growth of B cell lymphomasEMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE, Issue 5 2009Irene M. Pedersen Abstract Non-coding microRNAs (miRs) are a vital component of post-transcriptional modulation of protein expression and, like coding mRNAs harbour oncogenic properties. However, the mechanisms governing miR expression and the identity of the affected transcripts remain poorly understood. Here we identify the inositol phosphatase SHIP1 as a bonafide target of the oncogenic miR-155. We demonstrate that in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) elevated levels of miR-155, and consequent diminished SHIP1 expression are the result of autocrine stimulation by the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor , (TNF,). Anti-TNF, regimen such as eternacept or infliximab were sufficient to reduce miR-155 levels and restored SHIP1 expression in DLBCL cells with an accompanying reduction in cell proliferation. Furthermore, we observed a substantial decrease in tumour burden in DLBCL xenografts in response to eternacept. These findings strongly support the concept that cytokine-regulated miRs can function as a crucial link between inflammation and cancer, and illustrate the feasibility of anti-TNF, therapy as a novel and immediately accessible (co)treatment for DLBCL. [source] Magnetic resonance imaging features of an extranodal T cell rich B cell lymphoma in the pharyngeal mucosa in a horseEQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION, Issue 6 2008V. Jakesova Summary An 11-year-old Warmblood gelding was presented for inspiratory stridor and dysphagia. Based on history and clinical examination, a solitary mass localised in the oropharynx was suspected. Due to its inaccessibility and defensive behaviour of the horse, it was difficult to visualise this mass either by upper airway endoscopy or by oral examination and the conventional imaging methods (radiology and ultrasound) provided only limited information. Fine needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of lymphoma, but the exact localisation and the extent of tissue infiltration of the tumour could only be defined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI has proved to be a very useful diagnostic tool in equine lameness investigation and, as this case illustrates, it has considerable diagnostic potential for soft tissue examination of the equine head. [source] Over-expression of CCL3,,MIP-1, in a blastoid mantle cell lymphoma with hypercalcemiaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2010Norimichi Hattori Abstract We analyzed a case with the blastoid variant of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL-BV), a rare subtype of B-cell lymphoma, presenting with marked hypercalcemia at diagnosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed elevated serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-, (TNF-,), macrophage inflammatory protein-1, (MIP-1,), and type I collagen telopeptide, but not parathyroid hormone, calcitriol or parathyroid hormone-related peptide at diagnosis, suggesting local osteoclastic hypercalcemia in this case. By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, we found predominant expression of mRNA for MIP-1, in addition to those for receptor-activator of nuclear-factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), TNF-,, and IL-6 in lymphoma cells obtained from the patient. Furthermore, recombinant MIP-1, significantly stimulated 3H-thymidine uptake by isolated MCL cells in vitro. Treatment with intravenous fluids, bisphosphonate, and methylprednisolone followed by combination chemotherapy promptly corrects the hypercalcemia and successfully induced complete remission, which was accompanied by a decrease of these cytokines in the serum, including MIP-1,. In the present case, MIP-1,, an osteoclast-activating factor produced by mantle lymphoma cells, may contribute to the development of hypercalcemia. It likely acts through RANKL expression in tumor cells and/or stroma cells, as indicated in multiple myeloma (MM) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Furthermore, MIP-1, is also involved in the development of an aggressive phenotype on MCL by stimulating proliferation of these lymphoma cells. In summary, the present study demonstrated that MIP-1, is an important factor in the development of both hypercalcemia and an aggressive phenotype in some types of B-cell lymphoma. [source] Prognostic factors for classifying extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, as lymphoid neoplasiaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Im I. Na Abstract This study evaluated the applicability of prognostic factors commonly used for diagnosis of classical lymphoma outcomes to extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (NTCL). Clinical features and their associations with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in 70 patients. RLDH was defined as the ratio of LDH to the upper normal limit. RLDH was associated with stage (I,II vs. III,IV), lymph node involvement (LNI), and International Prognostic Index score (<2 vs. ,2). Poor performance status and advanced stage were common in patients with local tumor invasiveness (LTI). LDH level, classified into three levels (low, high, and very high) was associated with survival (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the predictive values of LDH level, B symptom, performance status, and stage remained significant whereas those of LTI and LNI did not. Scoring was performed by weighting each factor with 0.5 or 1.0 according to its hazard ratio. Scores were classified into four groups. Groups with high scores were associated with unfavorable outcomes (P < 0.001). Current study suggests that prognostic factors for NHL may be useful to predict the outcome of NTCL but the model should take LDH level and the prognostic weight of each factor into account. [source] Improved treatment outcome in Chinese children and adolescents with Burkitt's lymphoma and large cell lymphoma by using the modified B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-90 protocolEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Xiao-Fei Sun Abstract:,Objectives:,This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the modified B-Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL)-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)-90-based protocol in Chinese children and adolescents with Burkitt's lymphoma and large cell lymphoma. Methods:,From September 1997 to August 2005, 55 untreated patients (age less than 20 yr) from a single institution were enrolled. The patients were stratified by risk factors (stage, LDH level and chemotherapy response). All patients were treated with a modified B-NHL-BFM 90 protocol. Results:,The median age of the patients was 8 yr (range 1.5,20 yr). Of these patients, 22 (40%) had Burkitt's lymphoma (BKL), 22 (40%) had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) and 11 (20%) had anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Complete remission (CR) occurred in 45 patients (83%), partial remission (PR) in eight patients (14.5%), and progressive disease (PD) in one patient (1.8%). At a median follow up of 24 months, the event free survival (EFS) for all patients was 85% ± 5% with 100% for group R1, 84% ± 7% for group R2 and 72% ± 13% for group R3, and most notably, 80% ± 6% for stage III/IV at diagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.96) in EFS among BKL and DLBL and ALCL. The major toxicity complications were myelosuppression and mucositis, but these conditions were tolerated and manageable. Conclusions:,This modified NHL-BFM-90 protocol is very effective for Chinese children and adolescents with BKL and large cell lymphomas, and represented an increase in the cure rates in childhood NHL in China. [source] ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: strong T and B anti-tumour responses may cause hypocellular aspects of lymph nodes mimicking inflammatory lesionsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2003B. Borisch Abstract: The anaplastic large cell lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma which occurs in children mostly. The ALK protein is highly immunogenic and elicits both humoral and cellular immune responses. A 15-yr-old child presented with fever and adenopathy and did not respond to antibiotics. Biopsy of the enlarged lymph node contained almost no lymphoid element except for a few CD8-positive T cells, plasma cells and isolated CD30-positive blasts. The patient's condition improved following lymphadenectomy but relapse occurred 3 months later with multiple nodes, high fever and an abdominal mass. This time an ALK-positive ALCL was diagnosed and the retrospective analysis of the initial biopsy revealed rare, isolated ALK+ cells. Molecular analysis showed T-cell clones and oligoclonal B cells in both biopsies and peripheral blood of the patient. The tumour cells harbour a t(2;5) translocation, revealing a null phenotype by immunohistochemistry and no evidence for T-cell clonality by Southern blotting. The patient's serum contained anti-ALK antibodies. Our findings suggest that the T-cell clones and anti-ALK antibodies in this patient constitute an anti-tumour response that caused the hypocellularity of the initial lymph node. Hypocellular and oedematous lymph nodes occurring in a child with evocative symptoms should be tested for the presence of ALK. [source] High serum hepatocyte growth factor level in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2003Liang-Tsai Hsiao Abstract: Higher pretreatment serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels were observed in patients with multiple myeloma and Hodgkin's disease, but not in those with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We examined patients' serum levels at diagnosis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and histological expression of HGF in pathological specimens of lymphoma, in relation to clinical features. The subjects were 77 NHL patients and 40 healthy controls. The serum levels of HGF in NHL patients at diagnosis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (median 1019 vs. 689 pg/mL, P < 0.001). At diagnosis, patients with more than two sites of extranodal involvement (P = 0.001), higher scores of international prognostic index (P = 0.015), and advanced Ann Arbor stage (P = 0.023) had a higher level of serum HGF. Although the association of pretreatment serum HGF level and survival was not significant, a correlation of serial change of serum HGF levels with treatment response was found in limited cases. Furthermore, HGF expression of lymphoma tissues was shown in 18 of 24 (75%) different NHL subtypes, including most of the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (12 of 15, 80%). In conclusion, our study showed higher pretreatment serum HGF levels in NHL patients, which was related to clinical features; and the serial change of HGF seemed to parallel the treatment response. The pathogenic role of HGF in NHL patients was further highlighted by a modest expression of HGF in most of the diffuse large B cell lymphoma. [source] Multilineage progression of genetically unstable tumor subclones in cutaneous T-cell lymphomaEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 8 2004Albert Rübben Abstract:, Molecular analysis of solid malignant tumors has suggested multilineage progression of genetically unstable subclones during early stages of tumorigenesis as a common mechanism of tumor cell evolution. We have investigated whether multilineage progression is a feature of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). To identify individual tumor cell subclones, we determined the pattern of mutations within microsatellite DNA obtained from multiple histomorphologically confined tumor cell nests of mycosis fungoides (MF) and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) lesions. Tumor cells were isolated by laser microdissection, and allelotypes were determined at microsatellite markers D6S260, D9S162, D9S171, D10S215, TP53.PCR15, and D18S65. Nine cases of MF and one patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) originating from LyP were analyzed at 277 different microdissected areas obtained from 31 individual lesions. Three specimens of cutaneous lichen planus microdissected at 26 areas served as the control tissue. Microsatellite instability in microdissected tissue [MSI(md-tissue)] was detected in tumor tissues of all CTCL patients. One hundred and fifty-seven of 469 analyzed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications contained mutated microsatellite alleles (34%). In lichen planus, MSI(md-tissue) was seen in only four of 76 PCR products (5%) (P < 0.0001). The distribution of allelotypes in tumor cells from different disease stages was consistent with multilineage progression in five MF cases, as well as in the LyP/ALCL patient. Our results suggest that CTCL may evolve by multilineage progression and that tumor subclones in MF can be detected in early disease stages by mutation analysis of microsatellite DNA obtained from multiple microdissected areas. [source] ,Activation-induced cell death': a special program able to preserve the homeostasis of the skin?EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Giuseppe De Panfilis Abstract: The ,activation-induced cell death' (AICD) is a molecular system leading to death of antigen-activated T lymphocytes, in order to avoid accumulation of harmful cytokine-releasing cells. This article reviews both the molecular mechanisms working in AICD and the role played by such mechanisms in preventing a number of skin diseases. Specifically, because AICD removes activated and autoreactive T cells through a CD95-/CD95-L-mediated suicide, skin diseases were scrutinized in which such valuable machinery could be lacking. Indeed, at least some inflammatory skin diseases, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, can be sustained by an increased survival of activated T lymphocytes associated with deficient CD95-/CD95-L-mediated AICD of such strong pro-inflammatory cells. In addition, autoreactive skin diseases, including, e.g. alopecia areata, lichen planus and other lichenoid tissue reactions, can be related to autoreactive T lymphocytes which could be unable to undergo CD95-/CD95-L-mediated AICD. Finally, a lack of AICD may be executive even in favoring cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Thus, because inflammatory, autoreactive and neoplastic skin diseases can be associated with a deficient CD95-/CD95-L-mediated suicide of activated T cells, AICD is likely to represent a fundamental program to preserve the homeostasis of the skin. Therapeutic approaches able to restore the AICD machinery promise to successfully treat such relevant skin diseases. [source] TNFAIP3 is the target gene of chromosome band 6q23.3-q24.1 loss in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphomaGENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 1 2008Keiichiro Honma The genomic aberrations in extra nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma vary according to their anatomical origin. This polarization is a reflection of the participation of different genes in the lymphomagenesis of marginal zone B cell lymphoma. We previously demonstrated by means of genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) that the genomic profile of ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma is distinct from that of pulmonary or nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. The novel finding was a recurrent deletion of a 2.9-Mb region at chromosome band 6q23.3-q24.1, including homozygous loss, in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. For a more detailed examination of the deletions of 6q23.3-24.1, we used contig bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) array CGH, containing 24 BAC clones covering the 2.9-Mb region, to analyze nine cases with 6q23.3-q24.1 loss. We narrowed the minimal common region down to a length of 586 kb with two genes and four expressed sequence tags (ESTs). All of these genes and ESTs were subjected to RT-PCR and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Correlation between genomic loss and expression level was found only for TNFAIP3, demonstrating that TNFAIP3 is a target gene of 6q deletion in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. TNFAIP3 is an inhibitor of NF-kB signaling so that loss of this gene may play an important role in lymphomagenesis and suggests that TNFAIP3 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in ocular adnexal marginal zone B cell lymphoma. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045-2257/suppmat. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Non-muscle myosin heavy chain (MYH9): A new partner fused to ALK in anaplastic large cell lymphomaGENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 4 2003Laurence Lamant In anaplastic large cell lymphoma, the ALK gene at 2p23 is known to be fused to NPM, TPM3, TPM4, TFG, ATIC, CLTC, MSN, and ALO17. All of these translocations result in the expression of chimeric ALK transcripts that are translated into fusion proteins with tyrosine kinase activity and oncogenic properties. We report a case showing a restricted cytoplasmic staining pattern of ALK and a novel chromosomal abnormality, t(2;22)(p23;q11.2), demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The result of 5, RACE analysis showed that the ALK gene was fused in-frame to a portion of the non-muscle myosin heavy chain gene, MYH9. Nucleotide sequence of the MYH9-ALK chimeric cDNA revealed that the ALK breakpoint was different from all those previously reported. It is localized in the same exonic sequence as MSN-ALK, but 6 bp downstream, resulting in an in-frame fusion of the two partner proteins. In contrast to the previously reported ALK fusion proteins, MYH9-ALK may lack a functional oligomerization domain. However, biochemical analysis showed that the new fusion protein is tyrosine phosphorylated in vivo but seems to lack tyrosine kinase activity in vitro. If further investigations confirm this latter result, the in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation of MYH9-ALK protein could involve mechanisms different from those described in the other ALK hybrid proteins. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Phase II study of arsenic trioxide and ascorbic acid for relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies: a Wisconsin Oncology Network study,HEMATOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 1 2009JE Chang Abstract Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has established clinical activity in acute promyelocytic leukaemia and has pre-clinical data suggesting activity in lymphoid malignancies. Cell death from As2O3 may be the result of oxidative stress. Agents which deplete intracellular glutathione, such as ascorbic acid (AA), may potentiate arsenic-mediated apoptosis. This multi-institution phase II study investigated a novel dosing schedule of As2O3 and AA in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies. Patients received As2O3 0.25,mg/kg IV and AA 1000,mg IV for five consecutive days during the first week of each cycle followed by twice weekly infusions during weeks 2,6. Cycles were repeated every 8 weeks. The primary end point was objective response. In a subset of patients, sequential levels of intracellular glutathione and measures of Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during treatment. Seventeen patients were enrolled between March 2002 and February 2004. The median age was 71, and the majority of enrolled patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (12/17). Sixteen patients were evaluable, and one patient with mantle cell lymphoma achieved an unconfirmed complete response after five cycles of therapy for an overall response rate of 6%. The trial, which had been designed as a two-stage study, was closed after the first stage analysis due to lack of activity. Haematologic toxicities were the most commonly reported events in this heavily pre-treated population, and comprised the majority of grade 3 and 4 toxicities. Intracellular depletion of glutathione was not consistently observed during treatment. As2O3 and AA in this novel dosing strategy was generally well tolerated but had limited activity in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the humerus following traumatic injury: case reportHEMATOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 3 2003V. Stemberga Abstract A case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the right humerus which occurred in a 21-year-old male patient after an impact to the right shoulder in a car accident in July 1983 is described. Seventeen years after the injury, due to a civil lawsuit, the biopsy material was revised. Immunohistochemical analysis showed CD20 and CD79a positivity on large pleomorphic cells, while small reactive lymphocytes were CD3, Bcl-2 and CD20 positive. Molecular analysis carried out with PCR revealed a monoclonal B-lymphocyte population. The diagnosis of diffuse large peripheral B cell lymphoma of the bone was confirmed. The present case concurs with the literature on primary bone lymphoma, in which the diagnostic problem, trauma-related presentation and an excellent prognosis of malignant tumour are emphasized. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Role of Bcl-2 family of proteins in malignancyHEMATOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Belinda C. Baliga Abstract B cell lymphoma gene-2 (Bcl-2) is the prototypic member of a growing family of proteins that play evolutionarily conserved, key regulatory roles in apoptosis. The Bcl-2 family members are characterized by the presence of one or more Bcl-2 homology domains and are comprised of both the prosurvival and proapoptotic proteins. Bcl-2 itself is a prosurvival member of the family and its aberrant expression has been linked to a variety of different cancers, including several hematological malignancies. Although the exact mechanism of action of Bcl-2 family of proteins in regulating apoptosis is still a matter of some debate, these proteins appear to act upstream of caspase activation. Many recent studies have shown the therapeutic potential of targeting Bcl-2 family members for the treatment of cancer. This article summarizes what is currently known about Bcl-2-like proteins and how the evolving understanding of the biology of these proteins is paving way for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Vanishing bile duct syndrome associated with peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, arising in a posttransplant setting,HEPATOLOGY, Issue 5 2010Ph.D., Ryan M. Gill M.D. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma and T cell histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma: diagnosis in two monozygotic twinsHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Isabel Cano First page of article [source] Clinicopathological characteristics of primary gastric T-cell lymphomaHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Kenichiro Kawamoto Aims:, To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of 20 primary gastric T-cell lymphoma (GTCL) cases without human T-lymphotropic virus type I infection in Japan, a non-endemic area for coeliac disease. Methods and results:, Fifteen cases had no history of persistent diarrhoea or severe hypoproteinaemia. Histologically, 13 cases (65%) consisted of large cell lymphoma and seven (35%) were of medium-sized cells. Intraepithelial lymphoma cell invasion was found in three cases (15%). Two of 10 surgical cases (20%) showed intramucosal tumour cell spreading with enteropathy-like features. Helicobacter pylori CagA gene was detected in three of 10 cases (30%). The lymphoma cells of all 20 cases were positive for CD3 and/or TCR,F1 and negative for CD56. CD4, and CD8, lymphoma was found in 11 cases (55%), CD4+ lymphoma in seven (35%) and CD8+ lymphoma in two (10%). CD30+, CD5+ and CD25+ lymphomas were detected in nine (45%), 10 (50%) and 11 (55%) cases, respectively. Five-year survival of the 16 available cases was 54%. Early clinical stage and medium-sized cell lymphoma were significantly (P < 0.05) better prognostic factors. Conclusions:, Patients with GTCL exhibit distinct clinicopathological findings and prognoses from those with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphomas. GTCL may be mainly derived from lamina propria and parafollicular T cells. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||