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Candidate Performance (candidate + performance)
Selected AbstractsThe Money Primary: What Influences the Outcome of Pre-Primary Presidential Nomination Fundraising?PRESIDENTIAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2002Randall E. Adkins Since 1980, the positive influence of candidate performance and campaign organization explains much of the variation in fundraising during the pre-primary season. Candidate performance is measured by national poll results, change in candidate viability, and length of candidacy. Campaign organization includes the amount of money the candidate's campaign spent on fundraising, size of the candidate's electoral constituency, and whether the candidate self-financed his campaign. Using three ordinary least square recession models (for Democrats, Republicans, and combined), the authors examine the effects of these variables on pre-primary fundraising from 1980 to 2000 where the incumbent president did not sit for reelection. In the combined model national poll results, change in candidate viability, fundraising expenditures, and self-financing significantly affect fundraising during the money primary. Partisan models suggest that while Republicans benefit more from earlier national poll results, Democrats profit from changes in viability during the course of the pre-primary season. [source] Racial differences in promotion candidate performance and reactions to selection procedures: a field study in a diverse top-management contextJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 3 2008John Bret Becton The present study examined African-American and White promotion candidates' reactions to and performance on selection procedures that were completed within a police department where African Americans occupied the majority of top-management positions. Reactions (perceived job relatedness and test-taking motivation) of 187 candidates competing for promotion to the rank of sergeant were assessed after completing a written job knowledge test and a situational interview. Analyses showed that both the African-American and White candidates judged the situational interview to be more job-related than the pencil-and-paper job knowledge test. In addition, African Americans perceived both selection measures to be more job-related and reported higher levels of test-taking motivation than White candidates even though African Americans performed more poorly than White candidates on the paper-and-pencil test. These results challenge the contention that lower test-taking motivation for African-American candidates is related to racial differences in performance on pencil- and-paper tests. Implications and directions for future research on reactions to selection procedures for promotion in racially diverse employment settings are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Predictive validity of the multiple mini-interview for selecting medical traineesMEDICAL EDUCATION, Issue 8 2009Kevin W Eva Introduction, In this paper we report on further tests of the validity of the multiple mini-interview (MMI) selection process, comparing MMI scores with those achieved on a national high-stakes clinical skills examination. We also continue to explore the stability of candidate performance and the extent to which so-called ,cognitive' and ,non-cognitive' qualities should be deemed independent of one another. Methods, To examine predictive validity, MMI data were matched with licensing examination data for both undergraduate (n = 34) and postgraduate (n = 22) samples of participants. To assess the stability of candidate performance, reliability coefficients were generated for eight distinct samples. Finally, correlations were calculated between ,cognitive' and ,non-cognitive' measures of ability collected in the admissions procedure, on graduation from medical school and 18 months into postgraduate training. Results, The median reliability of eight administrations of the MMI in various cohorts was 0.73 when 12 10-minute stations were used with one examiner per station. The correlation between performance on the MMI and number of stations passed on an objective structured clinical examination-based licensing examination was r = 0.43 (P < 0.05) in a postgraduate sample and r = 0.35 (P < 0.05) in an undergraduate sample of subjects who sat the MMI 5 years prior to sitting the licensing examination. The correlation between ,cognitive' and ,non-cognitive' assessment instruments increased with time in training (i.e. as the focus of the assessments became more tailored to the clinical practice of medicine). Discussion, Further evidence for the validity of the MMI approach to making admissions decisions has been provided. More generally, the reported findings cast further doubt on the extent to which performance can be captured with trait-based models of ability. Finally, although a complementary predictive relationship has consistently been observed between grade point average and MMI results, the extent to which cognitive and non-cognitive qualities are distinct appears to depend on the scope of practice within which the two classes of qualities are assessed. [source] Social Influence on Political Judgments: The Case of Presidential DebatesPOLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2007Steven Fein Four experiments investigated the extent to which judgments of candidate performance in presidential debates could be influenced by the mere knowledge of others' reactions. In Experiments 1 and 2 participants watched an intact version of a debate or an edited version in which either "soundbite" one-liners or the audience reaction to those soundbites were removed. In Experiment 3 participants saw what was supposedly the reaction of their fellow participants on screen during the debate. Participants in Experiment 4 were exposed to the reactions of live confederates as they watched the last debate of an active presidential campaign. In all studies, audience reactions produced large shifts in participants' judgments of performance. The results illustrate the power of social context to strongly influence individuals' judgments of even large amounts of relevant, important information, and they support the categorization of presidential debates as ambiguous stimuli, fertile ground for informational social influence. [source] The Money Primary: What Influences the Outcome of Pre-Primary Presidential Nomination Fundraising?PRESIDENTIAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2002Randall E. Adkins Since 1980, the positive influence of candidate performance and campaign organization explains much of the variation in fundraising during the pre-primary season. Candidate performance is measured by national poll results, change in candidate viability, and length of candidacy. Campaign organization includes the amount of money the candidate's campaign spent on fundraising, size of the candidate's electoral constituency, and whether the candidate self-financed his campaign. Using three ordinary least square recession models (for Democrats, Republicans, and combined), the authors examine the effects of these variables on pre-primary fundraising from 1980 to 2000 where the incumbent president did not sit for reelection. In the combined model national poll results, change in candidate viability, fundraising expenditures, and self-financing significantly affect fundraising during the money primary. Partisan models suggest that while Republicans benefit more from earlier national poll results, Democrats profit from changes in viability during the course of the pre-primary season. [source] A Model of Declining StandardsINTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 2 2000Joel Sobel This paper presents a model in which relative standing determines standards. There are three kinds of agents in the model: candidates who wish to pass a test, members of the elite who have passed the test, and the judge who decides who passes. In order to pass, a candidate's performance must be at least as good as the performance of a representative member of the elite. Without perturbations in the underlying data, the model predicts that standards will not change. Perturbations in the preferences used to judge candidates lead to a reduction in standards. [source] CMA Candidate Attributes and Performance: Some Implications,ACCOUNTING PERSPECTIVES, Issue 1 2005MANMOHAN RAI KAPOOR ABSTRACT A university degree or equivalent is one of the criteria for eligibility to write the entrance examination for qualification as a certified management accountant (CMA). This study assessed various attributes, including exposure to liberal or general education, that candidates acquired during their university studies and examined the impact of these attributes on candidates' performance in the examination. The data included academic transcripts of 270 candidates who wrote the examination. Results indicated a positive, statistically significant correlation between the examination score and the candidate's exposure to liberal or general education, credit hours passed in accounting, grade point average in accounting, and grade point average in the overall course work. Credit hours failed in accounting showed a negative correlation. These findings are relevant to accounting educators, student counsellors, students, and the accountancy profession in general. [source] | |||||||||||||