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Calibration Techniques (calibration + techniques)
Selected AbstractsSpectral Acquisition and Calibration Techniques for the Measurement of Radiative Flux Incident upon PropellantPROPELLANTS, EXPLOSIVES, PYROTECHNICS, Issue 1 2003Michael Abstract A technique for the absolute calibration of a time-resolved spectrographic system has been developed at QinetiQ, specifically designed to be relevant to spectral acquisition from within the interior of translucent gun-propellant samples. The technique has shown itself to be particularly useful in the realm of propellant ignition as it allows for the precise determination of the moment that propellant combustion processes begin, as well as measuring the incident radiative flux leading up to ignition. Scope exists to extend its use for high-pressure measurements of the incident radiative flux during both conventional propellant burn and high-powered electrothermal-chemical (ETC) discharges. This paper sets out to describe both the technique and some of the pitfalls encountered during the development of the technique. The use of this technique in some of the experimental work performed at QinetiQ, including the results of measurements that compare the incident radiative flux with propellant ignition during both ETC discharges and conventional gunpowder burn, have been published separately; references for this experimental work are given in this paper. [source] Application of Multiway Chemometric Techniques for Analysis of AC Voltammetric DataELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 3-5 2009Aleksander Jaworski Abstract Three multiway calibration techniques have been applied for determining of the suppressor concentration in industrial copper electrometallization baths used in semiconductor manufacturing. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) for multiway array decomposition coupled with inverse least squares (ILS) regression (PARAFAC/ILS), direct trilinear decomposition (DTLD) coupled with ILS (DTLD/ILS), and multilinear partial least squares (N-PLS) regression were employed to develop and test calibration models based on trilinear AC voltammetric data. All techniques employed comparatively produce reliable calibration model and provide quantitative information about its robustness. [source] Calibration of pesticide leaching models: critical review and guidance for reportingPEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 8 2002Igor G Dubus Abstract Calibration of pesticide leaching models may be undertaken to evaluate the ability of models to simulate experimental data, to assist in their parameterisation where values for input parameters are difficult to determine experimentally, to determine values for specific model inputs (eg sorption and degradation parameters) and to allow extrapolations to be carried out. Although calibration of leaching models is a critical phase in the assessment of pesticide exposure, lack of guidance means that calibration procedures default to the modeller. This may result in different calibration and extrapolation results for different individuals depending on the procedures used, and thus may influence decisions regarding the placement of crop-protection products on the market. A number of issues are discussed in this paper including data requirements and assessment of data quality, the selection of a model and parameters for performing calibration, the use of automated calibration techniques as opposed to more traditional trial-and-error approaches, difficulties in the comparison of simulated and measured data, differences in calibration procedures, and the assessment of parameter values derived by calibration. Guidelines for the reporting of calibration activities within the scope of pesticide registration are proposed. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Microwave measurement uncertainty due to applied magnetic fieldPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 12 2007S. Perero Abstract In recent years there has been a wide interest in the production and analysis of films and nanostructures of different types for their microwave properties up to the mm-wave range. In order to characterize the electromagnetic behavior of these devices new experimental techniques need to be developed and assessed. Typically the measurements involve the use of vector network analyzer, and require several calibration steps. In this paper, we present a summary of the calibration techniques and evaluate the uncertainties obtained under different conditions, with a particular focus on the effect of the applied magnetic field upon uncertainty. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] | ||||||||||