Calcium/creatinine Ratio (calcium + ratio)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences50%
Earth and Environmental Science50%

Selected Abstracts

Amphibolites with staurolite and other aluminous minerals: calculated mineral equilibria in NCFMASH

JOURNAL OF METAMORPHIC GEOLOGY, Issue 1 2000
Arnold
Amphibolite facies mafic rocks that consist mainly of hornblende, plagioclase and quartz may also contain combinations of chlorite, garnet, epidote, and, more unusually, staurolite, kyanite, sillimanite, cordierite and orthoamphiboles. Such assemblages can provide tighter constraints on the pressure and temperature evolution of metamorphic terranes than is usually possible from metabasites. Because of the high variance of most of the assemblages, the phase relationships in amphibolites depend on rock composition, in addition to pressure, temperature and fluid composition. The mineral equilibria in the Na2O,CaO,FeO,MgO,Al2O3,SiO2,H2O (NCFMASH) model system demonstrate that aluminium content is critical in controlling the occurrence of assemblages involving hornblende with aluminous minerals such as sillimanite, kyanite, staurolite and cordierite. Except in aluminous compositions, these assemblages are restricted to higher pressures. The iron to magnesium ratio (XFe), and to a lesser extent, sodium to calcium ratio, have important roles in determining which (if any) of the aluminous minerals occur under particular pressure,temperature conditions. Where aluminous minerals occur in amphibolites, the P,T,X dependence of their phase relationships is remarkably similar to that in metapelitic rocks. The mineral assemblages of Fe-rich amphibolites are typically dominated by garnet- and staurolite-bearing assemblages, whereas their more Mg-rich counterparts contain chlorite and cordierite. Assemblages involving staurolite,hornblende can occur over a wide range of pressures (4,10 kbar) at temperatures of 560,650 °C; however, except in the more aluminous, iron-rich compositions, they occupy a narrow pressure,temperature window. Thus, although their occurrence in ,typical' amphibolites may be indicative of relatively high pressure metamorphism, in more aluminous compositions their interpretation is less straightforward. [source]

Relative contributions from exposed inshore and estuarine nursery grounds to the recruitment of stone flounder, Platichthys bicoloratus, estimated using otolith Sr:Ca ratios

FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2000
Yoh Yamashita
In Sendai Bay, stone flounder larvae settle and spend their juvenile period in either shallow exposed inshore nursery grounds or estuarine nursery grounds. The purpose of this study is to examine the relative contributions of these two kinds of nursery grounds to the flounder population using otolith strontium:calcium ratios. Stone flounder juveniles were collected from both nursery grounds, and one- and two-year-old flounder were caught deeper in Sendai Bay. Sr and Ca content in the otoliths were measured by electron probe micro analysis. The Sr:Ca ratios in the otolith section corresponding to the early postsettlement period ranged from 3.06 to 3.85 for the exposed inshore areas with stable low temperature and high salinity conditions, and from 3.81 to 5.32 in brackish estuaries with high temperature and low salinity conditions but with large diel and tidal cyclical fluctuations. Values from an estuarine site with stable salinity ranged from 3.58 to 4.15 overlapping with both the above ranges. Rearing experiments supported our inference that the high otolith Sr:Ca ratios of juveniles inhabiting estuarine nursery grounds are attributable to higher temperature and physiological stress caused by the large diel temperature and salinity fluctuations within the estuaries. Estimation of the Sr:Ca ratio of recruited fish using the otolith section formed while in the nursery area showed that at least 20 out of 42 individuals examined originated from estuarine nursery grounds. The present study indicates that estuaries play an important role as nursery grounds for stone flounder, producing about half of the stock in spite of the small and restricted area compared with the wide expanse of the exposed inshore area. [source]

Renal Calculi Complicating Short-term Furosemide Therapy after Congenital Heart Surgery

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Issue 5 2006
Sulafa K.M. Ali FRCPCH
ABSTRACT Background., Renal calcification is a known complication of Furosemide therapy. Methods., We describe 3 children who were diagnosed with renal calculi, not nephrocalcinosis, following the use of Furosemide for 4 weeks. All the infants (24, 18, and 8 months) had successful repair/palliation of congenital heart disease. The dose of Furosemide was 1,2 mg/kg/day and the duration between starting treatment and development of hematuria was 4 weeks. Results., In all 3 patients renal ultrasound confirmed the presence of renal calculi with no nephrocalcinosis. On follow-up, hematuria improved after 3,4 months. Conclusion., Renal calculi can complicate short-term Furosemide treatment in children after repair of congenital heart disease. Patients on Furosemide should be closely monitored by urine analysis and/or urine calcium/creatinine ratio for early detection of this complication. [source]

Topical paricalcitol (19-nor-1,,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2) is a novel, safe and effective treatment for plaque psoriasis: a pilot study

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
C. Durakovic
Summary Background, There continues to be a need to develop new pharmacological approaches for treating psoriasis. Topical active vitamin D compounds have proven to be both safe and effective for treating psoriasis. Paricalcitol (19-nor-1,,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2) is a novel vitamin D analogue which has been developed for the prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure. Objectives, To investigate the efficacy and safety of 12 weeks' therapy with a once-daily application of paricalcitol ointment (15 ,g g,1) in comparison with placebo ointment. Methods, This pilot double-blinded self-controlled study was initiated in 11 patients with moderate plaque psoriasis. To characterize the biological effects further and to evaluate the efficacy of topical paricalcitol treatment in psoriasis, we have analysed immunohistochemically the expression of one of the markers for epidermal differentiation (transglutaminase K) in paricalcitol-treated skin as compared with placebo treatment. Results, Treatment with paricalcitol was superior to placebo treatment beginning at week 1. The global severity score for erythema, plaque elevation and scaling was improved significantly more by paricalcitol ointment than by placebo (P < 0·001). Similar results were obtained for assessments of scaling, erythema and plaque elevation. No symptoms of local skin irritation were noted. Laboratory parameters including serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and urinary calcium/creatinine ratio did not reveal any changes of clinical relevance during treatment. The immunoreactivity of transglutaminase K changed after 12 weeks of paricalcitol treatment almost completely to the pattern characteristic for nonlesional psoriatic skin. Conclusions, Once-daily application of paricalcitol ointment was safe and effective for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. [source]