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Cavity
Kinds of Cavity Terms modified by Cavity Selected AbstractspH changes in external root surface cavities after calcium hydroxide is placed at 1, 3 and 5 mm short of the radiographic apexDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009Thaddeus M. Chamberlain The root canals of single-rooted anterior human teeth were cleaned and shaped after decoronation. Cavities about 0.50 mm deep and 1.0 mm wide located at 1, 3 and 5 mm from the radiographic apex were prepared on the external root surface and the teeth were randomly divided into four groups. The roots were filled with calcium hydroxide at 1, 3 and 5 mm from the radiographic apex, and the control group was left empty. pH readings were obtained at intervals over a 28-day study. The roots which were filled within 1 mm of the radiographic apex had the greatest increase in pH in each of the cavities. These results demonstrate that the greatest pH change on the external root surface near the apex is obtained when the canal is more completely filled with calcium hydroxide. [source] Nickel-Organic Coordination Layers with Different Directional CavitiesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 23 2006Youfu Zhou Abstract The two new metal-organic coordination frameworks [Ni2(pydc)2(4,4,-bpy)(H2O)4]n·0.5n(4,4,-bpy)2H2O (1) and [Ni2(pydc)2(2,2,-bpy)2(H2O)2]n·2nH2O (2) (H2pydc = pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid; bpy = bipyridine) have been synthesised under hydrothermal conditions and characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure of 1 contains parallel rectangular channels that accommodate large 4,4,-bpy guests while that of 2 contains vertical channels coordinated to 2,2,-bpy ligands. Their magnetic analyses show that they exhibit different magnetic interactions. The red shifts of the peak in their emission spectra relative to those of the the free ligands could be attributable to the metal,ligand coordination. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006) [source] Effect of Aging on Coronal Microleakage in Access Cavities through Metal Ceramic Crowns Restored with Resin CompositesJOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS, Issue 5 2010Ali Abdullah Alwan Al-Maqtari BDS Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine if packable resin composite with/without flowable resin composite has the ability to prevent coronal leakage in restored endodontic access openings following aging. Materials and Methods: Eighty simulated standardized access cavities of metal-ceramic crowns were fabricated and fixed on Vitrebond cavities filled with an epoxy resin. The specimens were randomly divided into two main groups: (1) Group A,Access cavities filled with only packable composite (Filtek P60); (2) Group B,Access cavities filled with Filtek P60 and a flowable composite (Filtek Z350) as liner. Each main group was further subdivided randomly into four subgroups according to water storage and thermocycling periods. All specimens were immersed in blue ink solution for 24 hours and then sectioned into quadrants. The extension of blue ink along the metal-ceramic crown/composite resin interface was measured linearly using image analyzer and then analyzed by three-way ANOVA and independent t -test with a Mann-Whitney test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: All tested subgroups demonstrated different levels of microleakage. There was no significant difference related to restorative technique; however, there was a significant difference related to water storage and thermocycling. Conclusions: All tested techniques and materials in this study showed microleakage. Packable composite while a flowable liner showed a marginally better result than packable composite alone. Excessive thermocycling resulted in significant differences among the test groups. [source] Are Sobriety and Consciousness Determined by Water in Protein Cavities?ALCOHOLISM, Issue 1 2004James R. Trudell No abstract is available for this article. [source] Evaluation of the smear layer and hybrid layer in noncarious and carious dentin prepared by air abrasion system and diamond tipsMICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE, Issue 6 2010Ana Carolina Mascarenhas Oliveira Abstract Purpose: To analyze the smear layer and the hybrid layer in noncarious and carious dentin prepared by different cutting instruments and restored with composite resin. Study design: Cavities were randomly prepared in 160 specimens (noncarious and artificial carious dentin) by high-speed diamond tips (KG Sorensen 1013), air abrasion system (Prepstart, Danville Engineering), ultrasonic tip (CVDentus 8.3231-1), and ultrasonic tip associated with ultrasonic cavitation by water for 10 s. Half of the cavities in each group were conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s. The amount of smear layer and dentinal tubules present were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and graded from 0 to 3. Cavities were prepared in another 20 noncarious specimens and 20 carious specimens and restored with adhesive composite resin system. The restorations were hemisected longitudinally and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the hybrid layer and resinous prolongation characteristics, using scores ranging from 1 to 6. Results: The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests at 5% of significance level. There was evidence that the most efficient smear layer removal was the acid etching in the noncarious dentin and the water ultrasonic cavitation in the carious dentin. The hybrid layer formed on the noncarious and carious dentin prepared by the ultrasonic tip was more regular than in the specimens prepared by high-speed diamond tip, with many resinous prolongations. Conclusion: The ultrasonic tip seems to be a promising tool for carious dentin cavity preparation. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Polyoxometalates with Internal Cavities: Redox Activity, Basicity, and Cation Encapsulation in [Mn+P5W30O110](15-n)- Preyssler Complexes, with M: Na+, Ca2+, Y3+, La3+, Ce3+, and Th4+.CHEMINFORM, Issue 50 2007Jorge A. Fernandez Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Calix[6]arene Derivatives Selectively Functionalized at Alternate Sites on the Smaller Rim with 2-Phenylpyridine and 2-Fluorenylpyridine Substituents to Provide Deep Cavities.CHEMINFORM, Issue 14 2007Xianshun Zeng Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Design of Homooxacalix[3]arene,Porphyrin Heterocapsules which Provide Novel Cavities for Molecular Recognition.CHEMINFORM, Issue 6 2001Atsushi Ikeda Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] New Metal-Organic Frameworks with Large Cavities: Selective Sorption and Desorption of Solvent MoleculesCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 26 2007Yan Wang Abstract Five novel transition metal complexes [CdII3(tpba-2)2(SCN)6],6,THF,3,H2O (1), [CuII3(tpba-2)2(SCN)6],6,THF,3,H2O (2), [NiII3(tpba-2)2(SCN)6],6,THF,3,H2O (3), [CdII2(tpba-2)(SCN)3]ClO4 (4), [CuI3(SCN)6(H3tpba-2)] (5) [TPBA-2 = N,,N,,,N,,, -tris(pyrid-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamide, THF=tetrahydrofuran] were obtained by reactions of the corresponding transition metal salts with TPBA-2 ligand in the presence of NH4SCN using layering or solvothermal method, respectively. The results of X-ray crystallographic analysis showed that complexes 1, 2 and 3 are isostructural and have the same 2D honeycomb network structure with Kagomé lattice, in which all the MII (M = Cd, Cu, Ni) atoms are six-coordinated, and the TPBA-2 ligands adopt cis,cis,cis conformation while the thiocyanate anions act as terminal ligands. Capsule-like motifs are found in 1, 2 and 3, in which six THF molecules are hosted, and the results of XPRD and solid-state 13C,NMR spectral measurements showed that the compound 1 can selectively desorb and adsorb THF molecules occurring along with the re-establishment of its crystallinity. In contrast to 1, 2 and 3, complex 4 has different 2D network structure, resulting from TPBA-2 ligands with cis,trans,trans conformation, thiocyanate anions serving as end-to-end bridging ligands, and the incomplete replacement of perchlorate anions, which further link the 2D layers into 3D framework by the hydrogen bonds. In complex 5, the CuII atoms are reduced to CuI during the process of solvothermal reaction, and the CuI atoms are connected by thiocyanate anions to form a 3D porous framework, in which the protonated TPBA-2 ligands are hosted in the cavities as templates. [source] Methylazacalixpyridines: Remarkable Bridging Nitrogen-Tuned Conformations and Cavities with Unique Recognition PropertiesCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 36 2006Han-Yuan Gong Abstract Methylazacalix[n]pyridines (n = 4, 8) and methylazacalix[m]arene[n]pyridines (m = n = 2, 4) have been synthesized by a convenient fragment coupling approach starting from 2,6-dibromopyridine, 2,6-diaminopyridine, and benzene-1,3-diamine. Thanks to the intrinsic electronic nature of nitrogen, which can adopt mainly sp2 hybridization, allowing it variously to conjugate, partially conjugate, or not conjugate with the adjacent one or two pyridine rings, the resulting nitrogen-bridged calixpyridine derivatives act as a unique class of macrocyclic host molecules with intriguing conformational structures offering fine-tunable cavities and versatile recognition properties. Whilst in solution it is fluxional, in the solid state methylazacalix[4]pyridine adopts a 1,3-alternate conformation with a C2v symmetry in which every two bridging nitrogen atoms conjugate with one pyridine ring. After protonation, the methylazacalix[4]pyridinium species has a different conjugation system of its four bridging nitrogen atoms, yielding the similar twisted 1,3-alternate conformations with an approximate S4 symmetry. The cavity of each protonated methylazacalix[4]pyridine, however, varies finely to accommodate guest species of different size and geometry, such as planar DMF or HO2CCO2, ion, a twisted HO2CCO2, ion, and a tetrahedral ClO4, ion. As giant macrocyclic hosts, both methylazacalix[8]pyridine and methylazacalix[4]arene[4]pyridine interact efficiently with fullerenes C60 and C70 through van der Waals forces. Their ease of preparation, versatile conformational structures, and recognition properties make these multinitrogen-containing calixarenes or cyclophanes unique and powerful macrocyclic hosts in supramolecular chemistry. [source] Microwave Breakdown Field in a Resonant Spherical CavityCONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS, Issue 4 2006R. Tomala Abstract In the present work, the microwave breakdown threshold in a gas-filled spherical resonator, is determined for the case when the cavity is excited in its lowest order mode, which implies that the microwave field strength depends on both radius and azimuthal angle. A semi-analytical approximation of the breakdown threshold is found using a direct variational approach. The variational predictions are compared with the results of full numerical calculations and demonstrate very good agreement [source] Larvae of Chironomids (Insecta, Diptera) Encountered in the Mantle Cavity of Zebra Mussels, Dreissena polymorpha (Bivalvia, Dreissenidae)INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF HYDROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Sergey E. Mastitsky Abstract The paper includes data on species composition of chironomid larvae which were encountered in the mantle cavity of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) within 7 waterbodies in the Republic of Belarus. All were found to be free-living species commonly present in periphyton and/or benthos. A long-term study of the seasonal dynamics of these larvae in Dreissena did not reveal any typical pattern. Our data suppose that chironomids do not have an obligate association with zebra mussels and possibly enter their mantle cavity inadvertently. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Protrusion of an Active Fixation Pacing Lead into the Abdominal CavityJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 8 2000WILLIAM R. LEWIS M.D. [source] Habitat assessment for a rare, arboreal forest mammal, the tree hyrax Dendrohyrax arboreusAFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 2 2001A. Gaylard Abstract Recent findings have suggested that there has been a change in the structural nature of forests in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, which explains decreases in forest fauna. One of these (rare) forest species is the tree hyrax Dendrohyrax arboreus, a nocturnal, arboreal folivore, which makes use of cavity-bearing trees as dens. However, a conflict exists between the use of forest resources and in protecting habitats for the tree hyrax. In order to design appropriate management strategies, conservation authorities and forest managers require information regarding the specific habitat requirements of fauna in their forest, particularly those that are already threatened by resource use. The aims of this study were thus: (i) to characterise the den trees of D. arboreus, (ii) to determine whether D. arboreus selects for certain den tree characteristics (i.e. relative to the abundance of that characteristic); and (iii) to develop a habitat assessment model for D. arboreus. The tree hydrax was found to select for den trees with particular characteristics: seven tree species were selected as den trees, which were usually the tallest trees in the canopy (4,8 m). Den trees were usually only partly decayed, with multiple cavity entrances and trunk angles of between 45° and 68°. Cavity entrance and orientation did not appear to play a role in den tree selection by D. arboreus. A function which discriminated between den trees and non-den trees was calculated, and can be used to determine the suitability of a tree as a den for a tree hyrax (and thus to prevent it from being removed during commercial logging operations), or to assess the suitability of an area for habitation by tree hyraxes. This model can therefore help to alleviate the conflict between forest conservation managers and resource users in the Eastern Cape. Résumé Des découvertes récentes laissent entendre qu'il y a eu des changements dans la nature structurelle des forêts du Cap oriental, en Afrique du Sud, qui expliquent le déclin de la faune forestière. Une de ces (rares) espèces forestières est le daman des arbres, Dendrohyrax arboreus, un nocturne arboricole, mangeur de feuilles, qui utilise les cavités dans les arbres comme terriers. Cependant, il existe un conflit entre l'utilisation des ressources forestières et la protection de l'habitat des damans des arbres. Afin de concevoir une stratégie de gestion adéquate, les autorités de la conservation et les gestionnaires forestiers ont besoin d'informations sur les exigences spécifiques en matière d'habitat de la faune de leurs forêts et particulièrement des espèces qui sont déjà menacées par l'utilisation des ressources. Les buts de cette étude étaient donc : (i) de caractériser les arbres qui servent de refuge àD. arboreus, (ii) de déterminer si D .arboreus choisit certaines caractéristiques des arbres qui lui servent d'abris (i.e. en fonction de l'abondance de cette caractéristique) et (iii) de mettre au point un modèle d'évaluation de l'habitat pour D. arboreus. On a découvert que le daman choisissait comme refuge des arbres qui avaient certaines caractéristiques : sept espèces d'arbres étaient choisies comme abris, qui étaient d'habitude les plus hauts arbres de la canopée (4 ,,8 m). Les arbres choisis n'étaient d'habitude que partiellement abîmés, avec des nombreuses entrées vers des creux et des troncs formant un angle compris entre 45° et 68°. L'entrée et l'orientation de la cavité ne semblaient pas jouer un rôle dans le choix de l'arbre par D. arboreus. On a calculé une fonction qui faisait la distinction entre les arbres qui servaient d'abris et les autres et qui peut servir à déterminer si un arbre convient pour servir d'abri à un daman des arbres (et donc à empêcher de le supprimer lors des opérations d'abattage commercial), ou àévaluer si une zone convient comme habitat pour les damans des arbres. Ce modèle peut donc aider à réduire les conflits entre les responsables de la conservation des forêts et ceux qui veulent en utiliser les ressources au Cap oriental. [source] Biofilms in the Edentulous Oral CavityJOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS, Issue 5 2008Amit Sachdeo BDS, DMSc Abstract Purpose: The oral cavity presents numerous surfaces for microbial colonization. These surfaces produce biofilms of differing complexities unique to each individual. Several studies have looked at biofilms in dentate patients. There has been limited research regarding biofilms on dentures or soft tissues of edentulous patients. The purpose of the present investigation was to provide meaningful data describing microbial ecological relationships in the oral cavity of edentulous patients and to evaluate the microbiota on hard and soft tissue surfaces and saliva in edentulous patients wearing complete dentures. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one edentulous subjects with complete maxillary and mandibular dentures were recruited. "Supragingival" biofilm samples were taken from 28 denture teeth for each subject. Biofilm samples were also taken from the dorsal, lateral, and ventral surfaces of the tongue, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, hard palate, vestibule/lip, "attached gingiva," and saliva. Samples were individually analyzed for their content of 41 bacterial species using checkerboard DNA,DNA hybridization. Levels and proportions of each species were determined for every sample location. Results: Periodontal pathogens such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis were clearly present in the samples from the edentulous subjects. Microbial profiles in samples from the soft tissue surfaces differed among site locations. Samples from the dorsum of the tongue exhibited the highest bacterial counts followed by the "attached gingiva" and the lateral surfaces of the tongue, while the lowest mean counts were found in samples from the buccal mucosa and labial vestibules. Using cluster analysis of the proportions of the test species, three clusters were formed. The first cluster comprised saliva, supragingival plaque, and the lateral and dorsal surfaces of the tongue. The second cluster comprised the other six soft tissue surfaces. Species on the denture palate formed a third cluster. Conclusions: One of the major findings in this study was the detection of periodontal pathogens, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, in the edentulous subjects, as these species were thought to disappear after removal of all natural teeth. This finding has implications regarding future dental treatment and the general health of individuals. Distinct patterns of microbial colonization were seen on the different soft tissue surfaces. Thus, this investigation provided the first step in defining the organisms that are associated with edentulous patients on both soft (mucosa) and hard surfaces (denture). The study also provided meaningful data that described microbial ecological relationships in the oral cavity of edentulous subjects. The authors believe that this study is the first comprehensive assessment of the microbiota in the complete denture-wearing subject. [source] Cavity backed dual slot antenna for gain improvementMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 12 2010Jin Xin Li Abstract A simple method of gain improvement for the cavity backed slot antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide technique has been presented in this article. By using dual slot at the cavity edges to substitute a single slot at the cavity center as the radiating element, gain of the cavity backed slot antenna has been improved about 1.7 dB whereas its total size is little reduced. The proposed antenna has high radiation performance and keeps the advantages low profile, easy integration, and low cost fabrication. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2767,2769, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25582 [source] Actinomycosis of the Nasal Cavity: Case Report and Literature ReviewTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue S1 2009Sreekrishna K. Donepudi MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] In Reference to Quantitative Analysis of Syndecan-1 Expression in Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral CavityTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2008Sven Saussez MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] In Reference to Quantitative Analysis of Syndecan-1 Expression in Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral CavityTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2008Christine G. Gourin MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymphadenectomy for 106 Head and Neck Lesions: Contrasts Between Oral Cavity and Cutaneous Malignancy,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue S109 2006FACS, Francisco J. Civantos MD Abstract Objectives: The objectives of this prospective series were to present our results in 106 sequential cases of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the head and neck region and contrast the experience in oral cancer with that for cutaneous lesions. Hypotheses: SLNB has an acceptably low complication rate in the head and neck. Lymphatic mapping and gamma probe-guided lymphadenectomy can improve the management of malignancies of the head and neck by more accurate identification of the nodal basins at risk and more accurate staging of the lymphatics. For appropriately selected patients, radionuclide lymphatic mapping may safely allow for minimally invasive sentinel lymphadenectomy without formal completion selective lymphadenectomy. Methods: One hundred six patients underwent intralesional radionuclide injection and radiologic lymphoscintigraphy (LS) on Institutional Review Board-approved protocols and 103 of these underwent successful SLNB. These included 35 patients with malignant melanoma, 10 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, four lip cancers, eight Merkel cell carcinomas, two rare cutaneous lesions, and 43 oral cancers. Mean follow up was 24 months. Patients with oral cavity malignancy underwent concurrent selective neck dissection after narrow-exposure sentinel lymph node excision. In this group, the SLNB histopathology could be correlated with the completion neck specimen histopathology. Patients with cutaneous malignancy underwent SLNB alone and only received regional lymphadenectomy based on positive histology or clinical indications. Data were tabulated for anatomic drainage patterns, complications, histopathology, and patterns of cancer recurrence. Results: Surgical complications were rare. No temporary or permanent dysfunction of facial or spinal accessory nerves occurred with sentinel node biopsy. Lymphatic drainage to areas dramatically outside of the expected lymphatic basins occurred in 13.6%. Predictive value of a negative sentinel node was 98.2% for cutaneous malignancies (based on regional recurrence) and 92% with oral cancer (based on pathologic correlation). Gross tumor replacement of lymph nodes and redirection of lymphatic flow represented a significant technical issue in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sixteen percent of patients with oral cancer were upstaged from N0 to N1 after extended sectioning and immunohistochemistry of the sentinel node. Conclusions: LS and SLNB can be performed with technical success in the head and neck region. Complications are minimal. More accurate staging and mapping of lymphatic drainage may improve the quality of standard lymphadenectomy. The potential for minimally invasive surgery based on this technology exists, but there is a small risk of missing positive disease. Whether the failure rate is greater than that of standard lymphadenectomy without gamma probe guidance is not known. New studies need to focus on refinements of technique and validation of accuracy as well as biologic correlates for the prediction of metastases. [source] Reduction/Dissolution of a ,-MnOOH Nanophase in the Ferritin Cavity To Yield a Highly Sensitive, Biologically Compatible Magnetic Resonance Imaging Agent,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 3 2010Ferenc, Krisztián Kálmán Dr. Ein Mangan(II)-Kontrastmittel für die Kernspintomographie wurde durch partielle Reduktion/Auflösung von festem ,-MnOOH in der Kavität von Apoferritin erhalten (siehe Schema). Der so erzeugte Nanotransporter enthält 300,400 MnII -Aqua-Ionen und weist eine bemerkenswerte Relaxivität von 4000,7000,mM,1,s,1 pro Apoferritineinheit auf. [source] A Spherical 24,Butyrate Aggregate with a Hydrophobic Cavity in a Capsule with Flexible Pores: Confinement Effects and Uptake,Release Equilibria at Elevated Temperatures,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 43 2009Christian Schäffer Moleküle unter Zwang: Der Einschluss einer Anordnung aus 24,organischen Butyrat-Einheiten (siehe Bild), die mit 72,H-Atomen einen bemerkenswert großen hydrophoben Hohlraum umschließen, in einer porösen Kapsel führt zu interessanten Wechselwirkungen zwischen den eingesperrten Butyraten. Bei Temperaturerhöhung wird die ,Quarantäne" aufgehoben und die Gastspezies können leichter kommen und gehen. [source] Boron Mimetics: 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborines Bind inside a Nonpolar Cavity of T4 Lysozyme,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 37 2009Lijun Liu Enzym ausgetrickst: Hochauflösende Proteinkristallographie zeigt, dass nichtnatürliche 1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborine in die unpolare Tasche des T4-Lysozyms L99A (siehe Bild) in einer Weise binden, die der Bindung ihrer ,natürlichen" All-Kohlenstoff-Isostere stark ähnelt. Die Studie belegt, dass 1,2-Azaborine in der biomedizinischen Forschung als Bor-haltige, hydrophobe Arenmimetika fungieren können. [source] An Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell with an Organic Sensitizer Encapsulated in a Cyclodextrin Cavity,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 32 2009Hyunbong Choi Wird der Farbstoff JK-2 in einem Cyclodextrin (CD) eingeschlossen, so ist die Ladungsrekombination verzögert und die Aggregation verhindert (siehe Bild). Eine Solarzelle mit einem solchen ,-CD/JK-2-System und einem Polymergel als Elektrolyt ergab bei ausgezeichneter Stabilität eine Gesamtumwandlungseffizienz von 7.40,%; dies ist der bislang höchste Wert für farbstoffsensibilisierte Solarzellen mit organischen Sensibilisatoren. [source] Anti-adhesive Membrane for Pleural CavityARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 3 2010Yasuharu Noishiki Abstract An anti-adhesive membrane containing a large amount of glycerin was developed for lung surgery and was tested in the pleural cavity of six dogs. The test membranes were put between the lung and the chest wound of the pleural cavity wall to separate them. In five of the animals, no adhesion was observed after 3 weeks in the area where the membrane had been inserted, but the area without the membrane showed firm adhesion between the lung and the pleural cavity wall. A sixth animal observed for 3 months also showed no adhesion. Seprafilm, which is the product of choice for peritoneal surgeries, was used as a control in six dogs. Seprafilm could not prevent adhesion in the pleural cavity of all six animals after 3 weeks observation. The new test membrane contained glycerin, which gathered and dispersed abundant water. Together with this, growth factors are also dispersed, resulting in dilution of excessive growth factors at the wound sites. In general, fibroblasts do not migrate in an extremely hydrous gel matrix. Migration of fibroblasts into the membrane is minimized, resulting in the prevention of formation of adhesion tissue composed of fibroblasts and collagen fibers. From the results, we assume that water can prevent adhesion after surgery. [source] Investigation and Application of "Bluff-body in Cavity" Burner for Pulverized Coal CombustionASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 3-4 2001Gang Chen Abstract The flow and combustion process of a new type of pulverized coal burner, the "bluff-body in cavity", is studied in this paper. This is an improvement on the basic principle of the ordinary bluff-body burner. Mean and fluctuating velocity components and turbulence characteristics of the flow in the outlet of the "bluff-body in cavity" burner were measured using a three-dimensional laser particle dynamics anemometer (3D-PDA). Combustion tests showed that this burner is better than an ordinary burner with only a bluff-body regarding the ignition and flame stability. Application of this new burner in several power plant boilers (65-670 t/h) showed that the temperature in the flame zone is high, the combustion process is very stable, and the boiler efficiency is increased. These improvements indicate a promising future for the burner. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Substrate Control by Means of the Chiral Cavity of Prolinamide Derivatives of Cholic Acid in the Organocatalyzed Michael Addition of Cyclohexanone to Nitroolefins.CHEMINFORM, Issue 12 2009Gian Luigi Puleo Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Nucleation Process in the Cavity of a 48-Tungstophosphate Wheel Resulting in a 16-Metal-Center Iron Oxide Nanocluster.CHEMINFORM, Issue 19 2008Ulrich Kortz Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] p-(1H-Phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)-Substituted Calix[4]arene, a Deep Cavity for Guest Inclusion.CHEMINFORM, Issue 28 2004Enrique Botana No abstract is available for this article. [source] ChemInform Abstract: The Role of Template in the Synthesis of meso-Hexamethyl-meso-hexaphenyl-calix[6]pyrrole: Trihalogenated Compounds as Templates for the Assembly of a Host with a Trigonal Cavity.CHEMINFORM, Issue 28 2002Boaz Turner Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||