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CD8-positive Lymphocytes (cd8-positive + lymphocyte)
Selected AbstractsSpontaneous apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its relationship to clinical and cell kinetic parametersCYTOMETRY, Issue 6 2001Gislaine B. Oliveira Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) presents considerable variability in clinical presentation as well as in its evolution. In contrast to the inhibition of apoptosis in vivo, spontaneous apoptosis after short-term culture occurs. We studied the degree of this apoptosis in vitro, and its interactions with several clinical and laboratory parameters. Apoptosis was measured by the annexin V technique. Proliferation rate was evaluated by the AgNOR (nucleolar organizer regions) technique. There were inverse correlations between the percentage of annexin V-positive cells and peripheral lymphocyte count (r = - 0.49), Rai stage (r = - 0.40), Binet stage (r = - 0.50), TTM (total tumor mass score; r = - 0.51), and percentage of cells with one AgNOR cluster (r = - 0.45). Direct correlations were found with hemoglobin values ( r = 0.34) and platelet counts (r = 0.52). The number of CD8-positive cells showed a correlation with peripheral lymphocyte count (r = 0.49). When this variable was held constant, a correlation was detected between CD8-positive cells and staging (r = -0.47), TTM (r = - 0.42), and platelet count (r = 0.67). CD4-positive lymphocytes presented a correlation only with CD8-positive lymphocytes. In a cluster analysis, it was possible to create three groups of patients with different apoptosis rates using the TTM and AgNOR values. We conclude that, with the progression of the disease, together with the increase of tumor mass and proliferation rate, there is a decrease in the suceptibility to apoptosis. Cytometry (Comm. Clin. Cytometry) 46:329,335, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] M cells and associated lymphoid tissue of the equine nasopharyngeal tonsilEQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 3 2001P. KUMAR Summary The aim of this study was to characterise the morphological and histochemical features of equine nasopharyngeal tonsillar tissue. Nasal and oropharyngeal tonsillar tissue has been described as the gatekeeper to mucosal immunity because of its strategic location at the entrance to the respiratory and alimentary tracts. A combination of light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy has revealed the presence of follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) overlying lymphoid tissue of the equine nasopharyngeal tonsil caudal to the pharyngeal opening of the guttural pouch. Membranous microvillus (M) cells were identified in the FAE on the basis of short microvilli, an intimate association with lymphocytes, cytoplasmic vimentin filaments and epitopes on the apical surface reactive with lectin GS I-B4 specific for ,-linked galactose. CD4-positive lymphocytes were scattered throughout the lamina propria mucosae as well as forming dense aggregates in the subepithelial part. The central follicular area was heavily populated with B lymphocytes and the dome and parafollicular areas contained both CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocytes. CD8-positive lymphocytes were also present in the epithelium and, together with B lymphocytes, in small numbers in the lamina propria mucosae. These observations indicate that the nasopharyngeal tonsil is potentially an important mucosal immune induction site in the horse and an appropriate target forintranasally administered vaccines. [source] The Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 is More Frequently Expressed in Breast Compared to Other Metastatic Adenocarcinomas in EffusionsTHE BREAST JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008Ben Davidson MD Abstract:, This objective of this study was to investigate the expression of chemokine receptors in tumor cells and leukocytes in breast carcinoma effusions. The expression of leukocyte markers (CD3/4/8/14/16/19) and chemokine receptors (CXCR1/4, CCR2/5/7) was studied in 21 breast carcinoma effusions using flow cytometry. Breast carcinoma cells expressed CXCR4 in 7/21 (33%) effusions, with less frequent expression of CXCR1, CCR5, and CCR7. CXCR2 and CCR2 were absent. Lymphocytes showed frequent CXCR4, CCR5, and CCR7 expression, while CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR2 were rarely or never detected. Macrophages expressed all six receptors except for CXCR2. Comparative analysis of breast carcinoma effusions with previously studied ovarian and cervical/endometrial adenocarcinomas (ACs) showed significantly higher CXCR4 expression in breast carcinoma cells compared to the other gynecological ACs (p = 0.001). Breast and cervical/endometrial carcinoma effusions showed different expression of chemokine receptors in lymphocytes (lower CXCR1, higher CXCR4 and CCR7 levels; p = 0.012, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, respectively) and macrophages (higher CCR7 levels; p < 0.001), as well as lower CD8 counts (p < 0.001) and higher CD19 counts (p = 0.001) compared to ovarian carcinoma effusions. Higher numbers of CD8-positive lymphocytes (p = 0.080) and higher CCR7 monocyte expression (p = 0.087) were associated with a trend for shorter disease-free survival. In conclusion, breast carcinoma cells express CXCR4, a unique feature among metastatic ACs in effusions, with rare expression of other chemokine receptors. Chemokine receptor expression in leukocytes and lymphocyte counts significantly differ from those of ovarian carcinoma effusions. The prognostic role of CCR7 expression in monocytes and CD8 counts in breast carcinoma effusions merits further research. [source] A phase I clinical trial of interferon-beta gene therapy for high-grade glioma: novel findings from gene expression profiling and autopsyTHE JOURNAL OF GENE MEDICINE, Issue 4 2008Toshihiko Wakabayashi Background High-grade gliomas are highly lethal neoplasms representing approximately 20% of all intracranial tumors. Cationic liposome-mediated interferon-beta (IFN- ,) gene transfer has been found to induce regression of experimental glioma. We have previously performed a pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this IFN- , gene therapy in five patients with high-grade glioma. Two patients showed more than 50% reduction while others had stable disease 10 weeks after treatment initiation. Methods To identify alterations in gene expression in brain tumors 2 weeks after the gene therapy trial, we used a microarray technology and Gene Ontology analysis. The results were validated by patients' clinical course and findings of histology and autopsy. Results and conclusions Using hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis, five series of gene therapy trials were classified according to the response to IFN- , gene therapy. Significant changes in gene expression related to immunoresponse and apoptosis were observed. Moreover, novel patterns of altered gene expression, such as inhibition of neovascularization, were identified, suggesting the involvement of pathways reported previously as not involved. Autopsy and histological examinations revealed dramatic changes in the tumor tissues after therapy in all patients. Many tumor cells showed necrotic changes, and immunohistochemistry identified numerous CD8-positive lymphocytes and macrophages infiltrating the tumor and surrounding tissues; these were probably the effects of therapy. Simultaneously, CD34-immunoreactive vessels were notably decreased in the vector-injected brain. This study facilitates the understanding of the antitumor mechanism and helps identify candidate target molecules for new approaches. However, additional clinical trials are warranted. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||