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Breathing Disorders (breathing + disorders)
Selected AbstractsSleep Breathing Disorders , 1JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 2006Article first published online: 7 AUG 200 [source] Effect of Nasal Surgery on Sleep-Related Breathing DisordersTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 1 2002Thomas Verse MD Abstract Objective/Hypothesis Single cases of patients who have experienced obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and who recovered completely after nasal surgery have been described in various studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of only nasal surgery 1) in a group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and 2) in simple snorers. Study Design A prospective, controlled study with 26 adult patients who underwent nasal surgery as single treatment of their sleep-related breathing disorders. The cases were evaluated based on the severity level of their preoperative Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). Material and Methods Between August 1996 and July 2000, 26 patients who snored and had impaired nasal breathing underwent attended polysomnography in the sleep laboratory as single treatment nasal surgery was performed. Postoperative polysomnographic findings and complications were reviewed. Results Nineteen of 26 patients (73.1%) were diagnosed as having OSA. Seven patients were simple snorers with an AHI below 10. The surgical response rates, defined as greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the postoperative AHI and a postoperative AHI of less than 20, was 15.8% in the apneics. For the whole group, the AHI decreased postoperatively from 31.6 to 28.9. However, daytime sleepiness improved significantly and arousals decreased significantly in both apneics and simple snorers after nasal surgery. Conclusions We conclude that nasal surgery has a limited efficacy in the treatment of adult patients with sleep apnea. Nevertheless, nasal surgery significantly improves sleep quality and daytime sleepiness independent of the severity of obstructive sleep-related breathing disorders. [source] Report of an EFNS task force on management of sleep disorders in neurologic disease (degenerative neurologic disorders and stroke)EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 11 2007P. Jennum A task force to develop guidelines for diagnostic evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders in degenerative neurologic disorders and stroke was initiated by the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS). The aims were to provide evidence-based recommendations in the management of sleep disorders associated with degenerative neurologic disorders and stroke. Neurological patients often have significant sleep disorders like sleep-related breathing disorders (SBD), insomnia, sleep-related motor and rapid eye movement behavioral disorders affecting nocturnal sleep and daytime function. A polysomnography (PSG) is usually a diagnostic minimum for the diagnoses of the most commonly reported sleep disorders in patients with neurologic diseases. A full video-PSG/video-EEG-PSG should be considered in patients with nocturnal motor and/behavior manifestations. Respiratory polygraphy has a moderate sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of SBD without neurologic diseases, but its value in patients with neurologic diseases has not been evaluated. Oximetry has a poor sensitivity-specificity for the identification of SDB. Continuous and bi-level positive airway pressure devices are the most effective treatment of SDB in patients with neurologic diseases. There is a need for further studies focusing on the diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities in patients with sleep disorders and degenerative neurologic diseases and stroke. [source] Review of upper airway resistance syndrome: nursing and clinical managementJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 17 2009Tara B Giblin Aims., This study aims to help nurses and nurse practitioners identify and manage paediatric patients with upper airway resistance syndrome. A review of upper airway resistance syndrome is provided, including the signs and symptoms of upper airway resistance syndrome, criteria for diagnosis, recommendations for treatment and implications for nursing in paediatric primary care. Background., Nurses often encounter sleep-related problems in the paediatric primary care setting. Commonly, these problems are well known and include snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea. Upper airway resistance syndrome is a relatively new diagnosis among sleep-related breathing disorders with which nurses and nurse practitioners should be familiar. Upper airway resistance syndrome is characterised by incomplete obstruction of the airway during sleep, leading to increased respiratory efforts and frequent arousals despite normal oxygen saturations. Design., Systematic review. Method. A review of the sleep literature identified articles regarding sleep and/or sleep-related breathing disorders and paediatrics, and upper airway resistance syndrome. Articles published since 2002 were prioritised; however, all articles describing upper airway resistance syndrome since 1993 were considered. Conclusion., Timely recognition of sleep-disordered breathing is crucial to ensuring that patients receive effective and appropriate treatment. Upper airway resistance syndrome should be a part of the differential diagnosis when assessing a child with a sleep-related breathing disorder. Relevance to clinician practice., Nurses and nurse practitioners should become comfortable and skilled in performing a thorough sleep history and physical examination to help identify when a child should receive a sleep study or referral to a specialist. [source] Investigation of sleep disordersJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 1-2 2005MJ Davey Abstract: Polysomnography or sleep study is the main investigation for paediatric sleep disorders. It involves the continuous and simultaneous recording of multiple physiological parameters evaluating sleep and respiration. It is most commonly used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea and to monitor nocturnal non-invasive ventilation requirements of children. Its role in other sleep related breathing disorders, narcolepsy and parasomnias is discussed. [source] Sleep-disordered breathing in a general heart failure population: relationships to neurohumoral activation and subjective symptomsJOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 1 2006ARCHANA RAO Summary The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SDB) in a UK general heart failure (HF) population, and assess its impact on neurohumoral markers and symptoms of sleepiness and quality of life. Eighty-four ambulatory patients (72 male, mean (SD) age 68.6 (10) yrs) attending UK HF clinics underwent an overnight recording of respiratory impedance, SaO2 and heart rate using a portable monitor (Nexan). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and urinary catecholamines were measured. Subjective sleepiness and the impairment in quality of life were assessed (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), SF-36 Health Performance Score). SDB was classified using the Apnoea/Hypopnoea Index (AHI). The prevalence of SDB (AHI > 15 events h,1) was 24%, increasing from 15% in mild-to-moderate HF to 39% in severe HF. Patients with SDB had significantly higher levels of BNP and noradrenaline than those without SDB (mean (SD) BNP: 187 (119) versus 73 (98) pg mL,1, P = 0.02; noradrenaline: 309 (183) versus 225 (148) nmol/24 h, P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in reported sleepiness or in any domain of SF-36, between groups with and without SDB (ESS: 7.8 (4.7) versus 7.5 (3.6), P = 0.87). In summary, in a general HF clinic population, the prevalence of SDB increased with the severity of HF. Patients with SDB had higher activation of a neurohumoral marker and more severe HF. Unlike obstructive sleep apnoea, SDB in HF had little discernible effect on sleepiness or quality of life as measured by standard subjective scales. [source] Effect of Nasal Surgery on Sleep-Related Breathing DisordersTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 1 2002Thomas Verse MD Abstract Objective/Hypothesis Single cases of patients who have experienced obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and who recovered completely after nasal surgery have been described in various studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of only nasal surgery 1) in a group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and 2) in simple snorers. Study Design A prospective, controlled study with 26 adult patients who underwent nasal surgery as single treatment of their sleep-related breathing disorders. The cases were evaluated based on the severity level of their preoperative Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI). Material and Methods Between August 1996 and July 2000, 26 patients who snored and had impaired nasal breathing underwent attended polysomnography in the sleep laboratory as single treatment nasal surgery was performed. Postoperative polysomnographic findings and complications were reviewed. Results Nineteen of 26 patients (73.1%) were diagnosed as having OSA. Seven patients were simple snorers with an AHI below 10. The surgical response rates, defined as greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the postoperative AHI and a postoperative AHI of less than 20, was 15.8% in the apneics. For the whole group, the AHI decreased postoperatively from 31.6 to 28.9. However, daytime sleepiness improved significantly and arousals decreased significantly in both apneics and simple snorers after nasal surgery. Conclusions We conclude that nasal surgery has a limited efficacy in the treatment of adult patients with sleep apnea. Nevertheless, nasal surgery significantly improves sleep quality and daytime sleepiness independent of the severity of obstructive sleep-related breathing disorders. [source] | ||||||||||