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Brief Background (brief + background)
Selected AbstractsUnderstanding chemical shielding tensors using group theory, MO analysis, and modern density-functional theoryCONCEPTS IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE, Issue 2 2009Cory M. Widdifield Abstract In this article, the relationships between molecular symmetry, molecular electronic structure, and chemical shielding (CS) tensors are discussed. First, a brief background on the CS interaction and CS tensors is given. Then, the visualization of the three-dimensional nature of CS is described. A simple method for examining the relationship between molecular orbitals (MOs) and CS tensors, using point groups and direct products of irreducible representations of MOs and rotational operators, is outlined. A number of specific examples are discussed, involving CS tensors of different nuclei in molecules of different symmetries, including ethene (D2h), hydrogen fluoride (C,v), trifluorophosphine (C3v), and water (C2v). Finally, we review the application of this method to CS tensors in several interesting cases previously discussed in the literature, including acetylene (D,h), the PtX42, series of compounds (D4h) and the decamethylaluminocenium cation (D5d). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 34A: 91,123, 2009. [source] Public Safety Outcomes of Virginia's Detention Assessment InstrumentJUVENILE AND FAMILY COURT JOURNAL, Issue 3 2007SCOTT REINER ABSTRACT The placement of juveniles in secure detention has been the subject of considerable attention recently. For the past several years, Virginia has been engaged in efforts to improve detention practices at both the state and local levels. One important policy and practice change is the implementation of a standardized, structured decision-making instrument to guide detention decisions by intake officers of the Virginia Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ). This report will present a brief background on the Detention Assessment Instrument (DAI); an analysis of the performance of the DAI on key public safety outcomes; and an overview of Virginia's participation in the Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI). [source] Volunteer Immunity and the Public SectorAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 4 2006Myles McGregor-Lowndes Every jurisdiction in Australia has now enacted legislation to protect volunteers of community organisations and all levels of government from incurring personal civil liability. In most jurisdictions these laws transfer liabilities incurred by volunteers to the public sector organisation that organises the work they undertake. This article provides a brief background to the reforms before undertaking an examination of the impact of the legislation upon public sector organisations and their volunteers. [source] Metabonomics , a new approach in ophthalmologyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 7 2009Anna Midelfart Abstract. Metabonomics is a new technology providing broad information about dynamic metabolic responses in living systems to pathophysiological stimuli or genetic modification. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most powerful methods in metabonomics; it is utilized to establish the metabolic profiles of biofluids, and is practically the only method capable of examining intact tissue samples. Experience with the application of metabonomics in eye research is still limited, yet this method provides the possibility of exploring metabolic processes in the eye in vivo. This article presents a brief background to the usefulness of metabonomics, and the possible applications of an NMR-based technique in eye research and clinical practice. [source] | ||||||||||