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Bovine Lactoferrin (bovine + lactoferrin)
Selected AbstractsANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND BINDING ABILITY OF BOVINE LACTOFERRIN AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS SPP.JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 1 2008WOAN-SUB KIM ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of bovine lactoferrin was tested against Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas syringae. The activity was studied by monitoring the growth of a Pseudomonas spp. in the presence or absence of bovine apo-lactoferrin, bovine holo-lactoferrin or native-lactoferrin in liquid media at different concentrations. Lactoferrin-binding proteins in the membrane fractions of Pseudomonas spp. were detected using far-Western blot analysis. The addition of bovine lactoferrin to the medium inhibited the growth of all tested strains. Furthermore, the growth of P. fluorescens and P. syringae was strongly inhibited by bovine apo-lactoferrin. The estimated molecular weights of lactoferrin-binding proteins in P. fluorescens were 70, 49, 47 and 25 kDa, and 70, 48 and 28 kDa in P. syringae. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Pseudomonas fluorescens is an important psychrotrophic bacterium responsible for undesirable flavors in milk and dairy products. Thus, flavor and texture defects, such as bitterness and running paste, were also reported. In addition, Pseudomonas syringae causes various diseases on many different susceptible plant species, generally producing chlorotic and necrotic lesions on leaves and fruits. The resultant bacterial spoilage causes considerable economic losses for the food and dairy industries. At present, antiseptics and agricultural chemicals are used for defense of foods and vegetables from these bacteria, but such substances are known to deleteriously affect the human body. The results of this study demonstrate that bovine lactoferrin significantly inhibits the growth of P. fluorescens and P. syringae. The results indicate that the incorporation of bovine lactoferrin is expected to protect dairy products, food and fruits from pathogenic bacteria. [source] Chemopreventive Effects of Bovine Lactoferrin on N -Butyl- N -(4- hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced Rat Bladder CarcinogenesisCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2000Chikayoshi Masuda Chemopreventive effects of bovine lactoferrin (bLF), which is found at high concentrations in colostrum, on rat bladder carcinogenesis were investigated using a rat bladder medium-term bioassay. In experiment 1, a total of 80 F344 male rats, 6 weeks old, were divided into 5 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were treated with 0.05%N -butyl- N -(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in the drinking water for 8 weeks and after a 1-week interval, received dietary supplementation with 2% and 0.2% bLF, respectively. Group 3 received 0.05% BBN for 8 weeks and then no treatment. Group 4 was administered 2% bLF alone from week 9, without prior carcinogen exposure. Group 5 was maintained without any treatment throughout the experiment. All rats were killed at the end of week 36. Group 1 demonstrated a significantly decreased multiplicity of the bladder tumors (carcinomas and papillomas) as compared with group 3, Maximum cut surface areas of bladder tumors were also significantly decreased in groups 1 and 2 compared with group 3. No bladder tumors were observed in groups 4 or 5. In experiment 2, a total of 60 rats were divided into two groups (30 rats each); both were treated with 0.05% BBN for 4 weeks and after a 1-week interval, one received 2% bLF (group 1) and the other, basal diet (group 2) for 4 weeks. Group 1 demonstrated a tendency for decrease of the 5-bromo-2,-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index. bLF was detected in the urine of rats fed bLF by ELISA as well as western blot analysis. The findings indicate that 2% bLF can inhibit BBN-induced rat bladder carcinogenesis, and that this may be due to bLF in the urine. [source] Enteric-formulated lactoferrin was more effectively transported into blood circulation from gastrointestinal tract in adult ratsEXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Takashi Takeuchi We have previously demonstrated that intestinally infused bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is transported into the blood circulation via the lymphatic pathway, not via the portal circulation. Therefore, in the present study, we further investigated whether intragastrically infused enteric-formulated bLF (EF-bLF) was more efficiently absorbed than bLF from the intestine in adult rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: 30 and 300 mg kg,1 non-enteric-formulated bLF (non-EF-bLF) groups and a 30 mg kg,1 EF-bLF group. Thoracic lymph was collected from a thoracic lymph duct under general anaesthesia. Bovine lactoferrin was infused into the stomach or duodenal lumen via a needle for a period of over 1 min in a volume of 1 ml kg,1. The bLF transported into the lymph was assayed quantitatively by double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Following the intragastric administration of bLF, the three groups showed almost the same lymph flow, but the bLF concentration in the lymph fluid in the EF-bLF group increased significantly and peaked 3 h after administration. With intraduodenal administration, the bLF concentration in the lymph fluid of the higher non-EF-bLF group was significantly higher than those of the other groups. The amount of absorbed bLF in the EF-bLF group was, however, about 10 times higher than that in the lower non-EF-bLF group, when it was administered intragastrically. These data show that enteric-formulated bLF is less susceptible to gastric pepsin and is more efficiently absorbed from the intestine than is non-enteric-formulated bLF. [source] Evaluation of in vitro endocytosis and antibody synthesis by rainbow trout head kidney cells treated with bovine lactoferrinJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2005S. Cecchini Bovine lactoferrin (LF) was evaluated for its capacity to modulate the in vitro endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) and antibody synthesis by head kidney cells of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of head kidney macrophages, determined by measurement of ingested yeast, were influenced by bovine LF starting from the LF concentration of 1 and 0·1 ,g ml,1, respectively. Endocytosis, determined by the evaluation of droplet uptake of neutral red dye solution, was significantly enhanced by 10 ,g ml,1 of LF. In contrast, antibody synthesis by head kidney cells, evaluated by immunoenzymatic assay, from fish immunized against human-,-globulins (HGG)in vivo was not affected by bovine LF. Although these results showed that bovine LF had no effect on specific immunoglobulin production in vitro, an enhancement of the acquired immune response may be assumed in LF-treated fish in vivo, as observed in higher vertebrates. [source] Meta-analysis: efficacy of bovine lactoferrin in Helicobacter pylori eradicationALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 7 2009A. SACHDEVA Summary Background, Several randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) have sought to determine the efficacy of bovine lactoferrin in Helicobacter pylori eradication with equivocal results. Aim, To evaluate the effect of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in H. pylori eradication. Methods, Electronic databases, reviews, bibliographies, abstracts and conference proceedings were searched. Included trials had to be randomized or quasi-randomized and controlled, using bovine lactoferrin in the intervention group, treating Helicobacter -infected subjects and evaluating eradication of H. pylori as an outcome. Results, The search identified five eligible RCTs (of 169). Data were available for 682 subjects (bovine lactoferrin group- n = 316; control group- n = 366). The pooled odds ratio (five studies) for eradication by intention-to-treat analysis was 2.22 (95% CI 1.44,3.44; P = 0.0003) using the fixed effects model (FEM) and 2.24 (95% CI 1.15,4.35; P = 0.0003) using the random effects model (REM) (Cochran's Q = 6.83; P = 0.145). The pooled risk difference was 0.11 (95% CI 0.05,0.16; P = 0.0001) by FEM (Cochran's Q = 6.67; P = 0.154) and 0.10 (95% CI 0.04,0.17; P = 0.0023) by REM. There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse effects. Conclusion, Bovine lactoferrin potentially improves H. pylori eradication rates without any impact on adverse effects, but available evidence is limited and further research is necessary to confirm the findings. [source] Binding of extracellular matrix molecules by probiotic bacteriaLETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2003tyriak Abstract Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate extracellular matrix (ECM) and mucin binding of selected bacterial isolates with probiotic features in comparison with commercially used probiotic bacteria. Methods and Results: ECM molecules were immobilized in microtitre plates (mucin and fetuin) or on the surface of latex beads. Porcine mucin was bound by all 13 probiotic strains tested with important inter-strain differences; however, fetuin binding was similar (weak) for all 14 strains tested. Strongly positive (three) binding of bovine fibrinogen was expressed by strains from fermented food (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. casei Shirota and L. johnsonii La1) as well as by L. casei L.c., Lactobacillus sp. 2I3 and by L. plantarum LP. The other strains expressed moderate (2) or weakly positive (1) binding of bovine fibrinogen. Strongly positive (3) binding of porcine fibronectin was observed only with two strains; however, all other strains also bound this molecule. Bovine lactoferrin was bound to a higher extent than transferrins. Significance and Impact of the Study: Some animal strains (at least L. casei L.c. and Lactobacillus sp. 2I3) are comparable with the commercially used strains with respect to their ECM binding ability. As this feature is important for probiotic bacteria to be able to colonize intestine, these strains should be considered for their wider use in fermented feed (or probiotic preparations) for animals. [source] Enteric-formulated lactoferrin was more effectively transported into blood circulation from gastrointestinal tract in adult ratsEXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Takashi Takeuchi We have previously demonstrated that intestinally infused bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is transported into the blood circulation via the lymphatic pathway, not via the portal circulation. Therefore, in the present study, we further investigated whether intragastrically infused enteric-formulated bLF (EF-bLF) was more efficiently absorbed than bLF from the intestine in adult rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: 30 and 300 mg kg,1 non-enteric-formulated bLF (non-EF-bLF) groups and a 30 mg kg,1 EF-bLF group. Thoracic lymph was collected from a thoracic lymph duct under general anaesthesia. Bovine lactoferrin was infused into the stomach or duodenal lumen via a needle for a period of over 1 min in a volume of 1 ml kg,1. The bLF transported into the lymph was assayed quantitatively by double-antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Following the intragastric administration of bLF, the three groups showed almost the same lymph flow, but the bLF concentration in the lymph fluid in the EF-bLF group increased significantly and peaked 3 h after administration. With intraduodenal administration, the bLF concentration in the lymph fluid of the higher non-EF-bLF group was significantly higher than those of the other groups. The amount of absorbed bLF in the EF-bLF group was, however, about 10 times higher than that in the lower non-EF-bLF group, when it was administered intragastrically. These data show that enteric-formulated bLF is less susceptible to gastric pepsin and is more efficiently absorbed from the intestine than is non-enteric-formulated bLF. [source] Evaluation of in vitro endocytosis and antibody synthesis by rainbow trout head kidney cells treated with bovine lactoferrinJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2005S. Cecchini Bovine lactoferrin (LF) was evaluated for its capacity to modulate the in vitro endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis) and antibody synthesis by head kidney cells of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Phagocytic activity and phagocytic index of head kidney macrophages, determined by measurement of ingested yeast, were influenced by bovine LF starting from the LF concentration of 1 and 0·1 ,g ml,1, respectively. Endocytosis, determined by the evaluation of droplet uptake of neutral red dye solution, was significantly enhanced by 10 ,g ml,1 of LF. In contrast, antibody synthesis by head kidney cells, evaluated by immunoenzymatic assay, from fish immunized against human-,-globulins (HGG)in vivo was not affected by bovine LF. Although these results showed that bovine LF had no effect on specific immunoglobulin production in vitro, an enhancement of the acquired immune response may be assumed in LF-treated fish in vivo, as observed in higher vertebrates. [source] Adjuvant effect of mushroom glucan and bovine lactoferrin upon Aeromonas hydrophila vaccination in catla, Catla catla (Hamilton)JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES, Issue 6 2006D Kamilya Abstract Mushroom glucan and bovine lactoferrin (Lf), known for their immunostimulatory potential, were used as adjuvant in conjunction with a formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine in catla, Catla catla. In vitro antigen-specific responsiveness of catla leucocytes and protective responses against experimental challenge with homologous antigen were monitored following immunization. Antigen-specific proliferation, ,macrophage activating factor' (MAF) production and antibody production were significantly higher in fish injected with glucan adjuvanted vaccine. Lf adjuvanted preparations showed a weak proliferative response and MAF production, although the antibody production was significantly higher than the controls. A good degree of protection was achieved with the glucan adjuvanted vaccine. However, in spite of producing significant anti- A. hydrophila antibody, Lf adjuvanted vaccine did not confer any protection following challenge with A. hydrophila. The potential of adjuvanticity of mushroom glucan and bovine Lf in intraperitoneal vaccination is discussed. [source] ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND BINDING ABILITY OF BOVINE LACTOFERRIN AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS SPP.JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 1 2008WOAN-SUB KIM ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of bovine lactoferrin was tested against Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas syringae. The activity was studied by monitoring the growth of a Pseudomonas spp. in the presence or absence of bovine apo-lactoferrin, bovine holo-lactoferrin or native-lactoferrin in liquid media at different concentrations. Lactoferrin-binding proteins in the membrane fractions of Pseudomonas spp. were detected using far-Western blot analysis. The addition of bovine lactoferrin to the medium inhibited the growth of all tested strains. Furthermore, the growth of P. fluorescens and P. syringae was strongly inhibited by bovine apo-lactoferrin. The estimated molecular weights of lactoferrin-binding proteins in P. fluorescens were 70, 49, 47 and 25 kDa, and 70, 48 and 28 kDa in P. syringae. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Pseudomonas fluorescens is an important psychrotrophic bacterium responsible for undesirable flavors in milk and dairy products. Thus, flavor and texture defects, such as bitterness and running paste, were also reported. In addition, Pseudomonas syringae causes various diseases on many different susceptible plant species, generally producing chlorotic and necrotic lesions on leaves and fruits. The resultant bacterial spoilage causes considerable economic losses for the food and dairy industries. At present, antiseptics and agricultural chemicals are used for defense of foods and vegetables from these bacteria, but such substances are known to deleteriously affect the human body. The results of this study demonstrate that bovine lactoferrin significantly inhibits the growth of P. fluorescens and P. syringae. The results indicate that the incorporation of bovine lactoferrin is expected to protect dairy products, food and fruits from pathogenic bacteria. [source] Antitumour activity and specificity as a function of substitutions in the lipophilic sector of helical lactoferrin-derived peptideJOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE, Issue 5 2003Nannan Yang Abstract A peptide L5 (PAWRKAFRWAWRMLKKAA), derived from the N -terminal ,-helical region of bovine lactoferrin (LFB 14,31), that is highly active against several tumour cell lines was reported earlier. In this study, a number of L5 analogues were designed in order to investigate how subsequent replacements of the aromatic amino acids in L5 with three amino acids representing different structural parameters influenced antitumour activity and tumour cell specificity relative to normal human cells. The Trp residues were substituted by Lys, Ile or Ala, while the Phe residue was substituted with Ala. The resulting peptides were investigated for their activity against prokaryotic cells, four tumour cell lines, human lung fibroblasts and human erythrocytes. Most of the peptides were highly active against both E. coli and S. aureus. The peptides were more active against the tumour cell lines than against normal eukaryotic cells but the activity against normal fibroblasts varied more among the peptides than did their antitumour activities. The results revealed that aromatic residues located opposite the cationic sector in L5 were more critical for antitumour activity than were aromatic residues located adjacent to the cationic sector. The biological responses for the peptides against tumour cell lines, fibroblasts, S. aureus (but not E. coli), were highly correlated with the amino acid descriptors used in our QSAR model. The result obtained from the QSAR study identified specific structural features that were important for lytic activity and membrane specificity. Certain structural properties in positions 3, 9 and 11 were shown to be important for antitumour activity, while additional structural properties in position 7 were found to be important with respect to tumour cell specificity. This information may offer a possibility for de novo design of an antitumour peptide with an improved therapeutic index. Copyright © 2003 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin Increases Resistance of Juvenile Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, to Enteric SepticemiaJOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY, Issue 2010Thomas L. Welker Juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were fed nutritionally complete, practical basal diets supplemented with bovine lactoferrin (Lf) at 0, 200, 400, 800, or 1600 mg/kg diet for 5 wk. Feed intake was significantly higher in fish-fed diets supplemented with Lf compared to the control diet, but the increased feed intake did not translate to significant increases in growth performance. Hemoglobin, white and red blood cell counts, and resistance to low-water stress also were not different among dietary groups (P > 0.05). Levels of Lf in diets had a significant effect on survival of channel catfish following challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri: catfish fed 800 or 1600 mg/kg Lf had higher survival than the groups fed the control or 200 mg Lf diet. We established the break point minimum concentration of Lf for resistance to E. ictaluri infection as 1136 mg/kg. There was not a corresponding increase in activity of nonspecific or specific immune parameters with addition of Lf to diets, but plasma iron decreased significantly in channel catfish fed bovine Lf compared to the control group. However, no clear trend for level of dietary Lf, iron status, and resistance to E. ictaluri infection could be established. [source] Meta-analysis: efficacy of bovine lactoferrin in Helicobacter pylori eradicationALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 7 2009A. SACHDEVA Summary Background, Several randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) have sought to determine the efficacy of bovine lactoferrin in Helicobacter pylori eradication with equivocal results. Aim, To evaluate the effect of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in H. pylori eradication. Methods, Electronic databases, reviews, bibliographies, abstracts and conference proceedings were searched. Included trials had to be randomized or quasi-randomized and controlled, using bovine lactoferrin in the intervention group, treating Helicobacter -infected subjects and evaluating eradication of H. pylori as an outcome. Results, The search identified five eligible RCTs (of 169). Data were available for 682 subjects (bovine lactoferrin group- n = 316; control group- n = 366). The pooled odds ratio (five studies) for eradication by intention-to-treat analysis was 2.22 (95% CI 1.44,3.44; P = 0.0003) using the fixed effects model (FEM) and 2.24 (95% CI 1.15,4.35; P = 0.0003) using the random effects model (REM) (Cochran's Q = 6.83; P = 0.145). The pooled risk difference was 0.11 (95% CI 0.05,0.16; P = 0.0001) by FEM (Cochran's Q = 6.67; P = 0.154) and 0.10 (95% CI 0.04,0.17; P = 0.0023) by REM. There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse effects. Conclusion, Bovine lactoferrin potentially improves H. pylori eradication rates without any impact on adverse effects, but available evidence is limited and further research is necessary to confirm the findings. [source] Influence of orally administered bovine lactoferrin on lipid metabolism in lipopolysaccharide-injected preruminant calvesANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 3 2009Shiro KUSHIBIKI ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of oral lactoferrin (LF) administration on lipid metabolism changes in calves given lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-one 4-day-old Holstein calves were divided into three groups, with each group receiving one of three oral doses of LF (0, 1, 3 g/day) for 10 consecutive days (day ,10 to day ,1). All calves were intravenously injected with LPS (50 ng/kg BW) on day 0, the day after LF treatment ended. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in the LF-treated calves than in the control calves given 0 g/day of LF at 12 and 24 h after LPS injection. Plasma NEFA concentrations were elevated between 6 and 24 h after LPS treatment. At 12 h, the concentration of plasma NEFA was lower (P < 0.05) in the calves given LF 3 g/day than in the control calves. On day 0, plasma total cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations tended to be lower in the LF groups administered 1 and 3 g of LF/day than in the control group, but did not differ significantly among the groups. The plasma very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) at 12, 24, and 72 h in the LF groups than in the control calves. The concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein tended to be lower in the LF groups than in the control group between day 0 and 96 h, though there were no significant group differences. The concentration of plasma interleukin-1, was lower (P < 0.05) in the calves fed LF 3 g/day than in the control calves at 2 and 12,48 h after LPS injection. These data suggest that LF inhibits LPS-induced alterations in lipid metabolism in preruminant calves. [source] Chemopreventive Effects of Bovine Lactoferrin on N -Butyl- N -(4- hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-induced Rat Bladder CarcinogenesisCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2000Chikayoshi Masuda Chemopreventive effects of bovine lactoferrin (bLF), which is found at high concentrations in colostrum, on rat bladder carcinogenesis were investigated using a rat bladder medium-term bioassay. In experiment 1, a total of 80 F344 male rats, 6 weeks old, were divided into 5 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were treated with 0.05%N -butyl- N -(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in the drinking water for 8 weeks and after a 1-week interval, received dietary supplementation with 2% and 0.2% bLF, respectively. Group 3 received 0.05% BBN for 8 weeks and then no treatment. Group 4 was administered 2% bLF alone from week 9, without prior carcinogen exposure. Group 5 was maintained without any treatment throughout the experiment. All rats were killed at the end of week 36. Group 1 demonstrated a significantly decreased multiplicity of the bladder tumors (carcinomas and papillomas) as compared with group 3, Maximum cut surface areas of bladder tumors were also significantly decreased in groups 1 and 2 compared with group 3. No bladder tumors were observed in groups 4 or 5. In experiment 2, a total of 60 rats were divided into two groups (30 rats each); both were treated with 0.05% BBN for 4 weeks and after a 1-week interval, one received 2% bLF (group 1) and the other, basal diet (group 2) for 4 weeks. Group 1 demonstrated a tendency for decrease of the 5-bromo-2,-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index. bLF was detected in the urine of rats fed bLF by ELISA as well as western blot analysis. The findings indicate that 2% bLF can inhibit BBN-induced rat bladder carcinogenesis, and that this may be due to bLF in the urine. [source] Human and bovine lactoferrins in the milk of recombinant human lactoferrin-transgenic dairy cows during lactationBIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 4 2006Paula Hyvönen Abstract Seven Friesian human lactoferrin (hLf)-transgenic primiparous dairy cows expressing recombinant hLf (rhLf) in their milk were included in the study. After calving, concentrations of rhLf and bovine LF (bLf) in the milk, somatic cell count and milk yield were determined. The concentration of rhLf was found to be constant, about 2.9 mg/mL, throughout the early lactation period of 3 months. The concentration of bLf in colostrum was higher after calving, but decreased rapidly during the first days of lactation. The mean concentration of bLf was 0.15 mg/mL, but concentrations varied between cows from 0.07 mg/mL to 0.26 mg/mL. Based on that, it may be possible to improve the non-specific host defence mechanism in the mammary gland of dairy cows by enhancing the content of rhLf in the milk. 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