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Blood Cholesterol Levels (blood + cholesterol_level)
Selected AbstractsSupplementation of Energy-restricted Diets with Coconut Oil Improves Nitrogen Balance Without Elevation of Blood Cholesterol LevelsJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 6 2000M.Z.A. Nomani ABSTRACT: Thirty-six growing male rats were fed 1 of 6 diets for 4 wk: (1) semipurified basal diet (B) with 10% corn oil, 21.6% fat calories (FC), 14 g B diet/day; (2) B + 1 g of coconut oil (32% FC); (3) B + 1 g olive oil; (4) B + 1 g corn oil; (5) B + 2.25 g starch (18.7% FC); and (6) B + 2 g coconut oil (40% FC). Weight gain and nitrogen balance were higher (p < 0.;05) for supplemented diet groups. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not different (p > 0.05). It may be suggested that under restricted energy intake conditions (67% to 75% of the requirements) a high-fat diet (32% to 40% fat calories), including a diet rich in highly saturated coconut oil, can serve as a source of energy and contribute to improved nitrogen balance, without elevating blood cholesterol levels. [source] Development of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor ,-Subtype Agonist KB-141 : A Strategy for Body Weight Reduction and Lipid Lowering with Minimal Cardiac Side EffectsCARDIOVASCULAR THERAPEUTICS, Issue 2 2005Gary J. Grover ABSTRACT Few treatments for obesity exist and improvements for treatment of hyperlipidemia are still desirable. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) regulate body weight, adiposity, and cholesterol levels. However, thyroid hormones can have deleterious effects, particularly cardiac acceleration, that limits the use of hormones in the treatment of obesity. There is evidence that the TR, subtype mediates lowering of blood cholesterol levels and possibly elevation of metabolic rate, whereas TR, appears to control heart rate. In studies, described in this review article, we examined the effects of selective TR, activation on metabolic rate and heart rate in mice, rats and monkeys. T3 had a greater effect on increasing heart rate in wild type (WT) than in TR,-/- mice (ED15 values of 34 and 469 nmol/kg/day, respectively). T3 increased metabolic rate (MVO2) in both WT and TR,-/- mice, but the effect on TR,-/- mice was less pronounced compared to WT mice. Stimulation of MVO2 is mediated by both TR, and TR,, but with different profiles. In cholesterol-fed rats, KB-141, a selective TR, agonist, increased MVO2 with a 10-fold selectivity and lowered cholesterol with a 27-fold selectivity vs. tachycardia. In primates, KB-141 caused significant, cholesterol, Lp(a) and body weight reduction after 1 week of treatment with no effect on heart rate. These data suggest that selective TR, agonists may represent a novel class of drugs for the treatment of obesity, hypercholesterolemia and elevated Lp(a), which may make them useful therapeutics for patients with metabolic syndrome. [source] PERINATAL AND CHILDHOOD PRECURSORS OF ADULT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASECLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 2007Lawrence Beilin SUMMARY 1Longitudinal studies from the US, Australia and Europe have demonstrated tracking of childhood risk factors for cardiovascular disease from adolescence into adult life. These factors include obesity, blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure and measures of insulin resistance. Worldwide increases in childhood obesity and overweight are already resulting in increases in adolescent diabetes and are likely to translate into earlier onset hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adults. 2Low birth weight has also been associated with increased risk of adult cardiovascular disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, but there is considerable debate as to the relative importance of pre- and postnatal influences. 3These issues are discussed in the context of results of a longitudinal cohort study of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in Western Australia, the ,Raine' childhood cohort, which showed that in a well-nourished Australian population at age 8 there was a U-shaped relationship between birth weight and a cluster of factors predisposing to adult cardiovascular disease, with postnatal weight gain being the dominant factor. 4Future public health programmes should focus on both pre- and early postnatal factors predisposing to obesity, hypertension and diabetes. [source] |