Block Biopsies (block + biopsy)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Periodontal wound healing/regeneration following the application of rhGDF-5 in a , -TCP/PLGA carrier in critical-size supra-alveolar periodontal defects in dogs

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 7 2010
David H. Kwon
Kwon DH, Bisch FC, Herold RW, Pompe C, Bastone P, Rodriguez NA, Susin C, Wikesjö UM. Periodontal wound healing/regeneration following application of rhGDF-5 in a , -TCP/PLGA carrier in critical-size supra-alveolar periodontal defects in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 667,674. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01569.x. Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel recombinant human GDF-5 (rhGDF-5) construct intended for onlay and inlay indications on periodontal wound healing/regeneration. Methods: Contralateral, surgically created, critical-size, 6-mm, supra-alveolar periodontal defects in five adult Hound Labrador mongrel dogs received rhGDF-5 coated onto , -tricalcium phosphate (, -TCP) particles and immersed in a bioresorbable poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) composite or the , -TCP/PLGA carrier alone (control). The rhGDF-5 and control constructs were moulded around the teeth and allowed to set. The gingival flaps were then advanced; flap margins were adapted 3,4 mm coronal to the teeth and sutured. The animals were euthanized at 8 weeks post-surgery when block biopsies were collected for histometric analysis. Results: Healing was generally uneventful. A few sites exhibited minor exposures. Three control sites and one rhGDF-5 site (in separate animals) experienced more extensive wound dehiscencies. The rhGDF-5 and control constructs were easy to apply and exhibited adequate structural integrity to support the mucoperiosteal flaps in this challenging onlay model. Limited residual , -TCP particles were observed at 8 weeks for both rhGDF-5/, -TCP/PLGA and , -TCP/PLGA control sites. The rhGDF-5/, -TCP/PLGA sites showed significantly greater cementum (2.34 ± 0.44 versus 1.13 ± 0.25 mm, p=0.02) and bone (2.92 ± 0.66 versus 1.21 ± 0.30 mm, p=0.02) formation compared with the carrier control. Limited ankylosis was observed in four of five rhGDF-5/, -TCP/PLGA sites but not in control sites. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that rhGDF-5 is a promising candidate technology in support of periodontal wound healing/regeneration. Carrier and rhGDF-5 dose optimization are necessary before further advancement of the technology towards clinical evaluation. [source]

The critical-size supraalveolar peri-implant defect model: characteristics and use

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 11 2006
Ulf M. E. Wikesjö
Abstract Objective: Novel implant technologies and reconstructive therapies for alveolar augmentation require pre-clinical evaluation to estimate their biologic potential, efficacy, and safety before clinical application. The objective of this report is to present characteristics and use of the critical-size, supraalveolar, peri-implant defect model. Methods: Bilateral extraction of the mandibular premolars was performed in 12 Hound Labrador mongrel dogs following horizontal surgical cut-down of the alveolar ridge approximating 6 mm. Each jaw quadrant received three custom-produced TiUniteÔ, ,4.0 × 10 mm threaded implants placed into osteotomies prepared into the extraction sites of the third and fourth premolars. The implants exhibited a reference notch 5 mm from the implant platform to facilitate surgical placement leaving 5 mm of the implant in a supraalveolar position, and to serve as a reference point in the radiographic, histologic and histometric analysis. The implants were submerged under the mucoperiosteal flaps for primary intention healing. Fluorescent bone markers were administered at weeks 3 and 4 post-surgery, and pre-euthanasia. The animals were euthanized following an 8-week healing interval when block biopsies were collected for analysis. Results: Healing was generally uneventful. The radiographic and histometric evaluations demonstrate the limited osteogenic potential of this defect model. Whereas lingual peri-implant sites exhibited a mean (±SE) bone gain of 0.4±0.1 mm, resorption of the buccal crestal plate resulted in a mean bone loss of 0.4±0.2 mm for an overall osteogenic potential following sham-surgery averaging 0.0±0.1 mm. Overall bone density and bone,implant contact in the contiguous resident bone averaged 79.1±1.1% and 76.9±2.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that the critical-size, supraalveolar, peri-implant defect model appears a rigorous tool in the evaluation of candidate technologies for alveolar reconstruction and osseointegration of endosseous oral implants. Limited innate osteogenic potential allows critical evaluation of osteogenic, osteoconductive, or osteoinductive technologies in a challenging clinical setting. [source]

rhBMP-2/,BSM® Induces Significant Vertical Alveolar Ridge Augmentation and Dental Implant Osseointegration

CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, Issue 4 2002
Ulf M.E. Wikesjö DDS
ABSTRACT Background: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) in a carrier has been shown to induce significant bone formation. Several candidate carriers, however, lack structural integrity to offset compressive forces that may compromise rhBMP-2 bone induction, in particular, for challenging onlay indications such as alveolar ridge augmentation. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate rhBMP-2 in a calcium-phosphate cement carrier, ,BSM, for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and immediate dental implant Osseointegration. Materials and Methods: Six adult Hound Labrador mongrels with 5 mm critical size supra-alveolar peri-implant defects were used. Three animals received rhBMP-2/,BSM (rhBMP-2 at 0.40 and 0.75 mg/mL) in contralateral jaw quadrants (total implant volume/defect , 1.5 mL). Three animals received ,BSM without rhBMP-2 (control group). The animals were euthanized at 16 weeks post surgery, and block biopsies were processed for histologie and histometric analysis. Results: rhBMP-2/,BSM induced substantial augmentation of the alveolar ridge. Control sites exhibited limited new bone formation. Vertical bone augmentation averaged (SD) 4.9 ± 1.0 mm (rhBMP-2 at 0.40 mg/mL), 5.3 ± 0.3 mm (rhBMP-2 at 0.75 mg/mL), and 0.4 ± 0.4 mm (control); new bone area 8.5 ± 4.2 mm 2, 9.0 ± 1.9 mm 2, and 0.5 ± 0.4 mm 2; new bone density 55.1 ± 6.4%, 61.1 ± 6.0%, and 67.7 ± 9.5%; and new bone-implant contact 26.9 ± 17.5%, 28.5 ± 1.4%, and 24.6 ± 16.1%, respectively. Residual ,BSM comprised 1% of the new bone. Bone density for the contiguous resident bone ranged from 65 to 71%, and bone-implant contact ranged from 49 to 64%. Conclusions: Surgical implantation of rhBMP-2/,BSM appears an effective protocol for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation procedures and immediate dental implant Osseointegration and for onlay indications of lesser complexity. [source]

Efficacy of a bioactive glass,ceramic (Biosilicate®) in the maintenance of alveolar ridges and in osseointegration of titanium implants

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2010
Virgílio M. Roriz
Abstract Objectives: The aims of this research were to evaluate the efficacy of a bioactive glass,ceramic (Biosilicate®) and a bioactive glass (Biogran®) placed in dental sockets in the maintenance of alveolar ridge and in the osseointegration of Ti implants. Material and methods: Six dogs had their low premolars extracted and the sockets were implanted with Biosilicate®, Biogran® particles, or left untreated. After the extractions, measurements of width and height on the alveolar ridge were taken. After 12 weeks a new surgery was performed to take the final ridge measurements and to insert bilaterally three Ti implants in biomaterial-implanted and control sites. Eight weeks post-Ti implant placement block biopsies were processed for histological and histomorphometric analysis. The percentages of bone,implant contact (BIC), of mineralized bone area between threads (BABT), and of mineralized bone area within the mirror area (BAMA) were determined. Results: The presence of Biosilicate® or Biogran® particles preserved alveolar ridge height without affecting its width. No significant differences in terms of BIC, BAMA, and BABT values were detected among Biosilicate®, Biogran®, and the non-implanted group. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that filling of sockets with either Biosilicate® or Biogran® particles preserves alveolar bone ridge height and allows osseointegration of Ti implants. To cite this article: Roriz VM, Rosa AL, Peitl O, Zanotto ED, Panzeri H, de Oliveira PT. Efficacy of a bioactive glass,ceramic (Biosilicate®) in the maintenance of alveolar ridges and in osseointegration of titanium implants. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 148,155. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01812.x [source]

Bone formation at titanium porous oxide (TiUniteÔ) oral implants in type IV bone

CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 1 2005
Yi-Hao Huang
Abstract Background: Several oral implant design advances have been suggested to overcome poor bone quality, an impediment for successful implant treatment. A novel titanium porous oxide (TPO) surface has been shown to offer favorable results in several settings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the local bone formation and osseointegration at TPO-modified implants in type IV bone. Method: Three TPO surface-modified implants (TiUniteÔ) were installed into the edentulated posterior maxilla in each of 8 Cynomolgus monkeys. The animals were injected with fluorescent bone labels at 2, 3, 4 and 16 weeks post-surgery and were euthanized at week 16 when block biopsies were collected for histologic analysis. Results: The predominant observation of the TPO implant surface was a thin layer of new bone covering most of the implant threads. Mean (±SE) bone,implant contact for the whole study group was 74.1±4.8%. There was a significant variability in bone,implant contact between animals (P=0.0003) and between sites of the same animal (P<0.0001). The variance in bone,implant contact was 30% larger among sites of the same animal than between different animals (187.5 vs. 144.8, respectively). There was a small but significant difference in bone density immediately outside, compared to within the threaded area of the implants (37.1±3.2% vs. 32.1±3.2%, P<0.0001). Bone density outside the implant threads was significantly correlated (,=0.682, P<0.0001) with the bone density within thethreaded area. Bone density within the threaded area was significantly correlated (,=0.493, P=0.0002) with bone,implant contact, whereas bone density outside the implant threads did not have a significant effect (,=0.232, P=0.1). Conclusions: The results suggest that the TPO surface possesses a considerable osteoconductive potential promoting a high level of implant osseointegration in type IV bone in the posterior maxilla. Résumé Différents nouveaux modèles d'implants ont été suggéréspour tenter de compenser la mauvaise qualité osseuse qui est un problème pour le traitement implantaire à succès. Une nouvelle surface en oxyde poreux de titane (TPO) a apporté des résultats favorables en différentes occasions. L'objectif de cette étude a été d'évaluer la formation osseuse locale et l'ostéoïntégration d'implants modifiés TPO dans de l'os de qualité type IV. Trois implants dont la surface était modifiée TPO (TiUniteTM) ont été insérés dans un maxillaire édenté postérieur de huit singes cynomolgus. Les animaux ont subi des injections de marqueurs osseux par flurorescence à deux, trois, quatre et seize semaines après la chirurgie et ont été euthanasiés à la semaine 16 quand des biopsies en bloc ont été prélevées pour l'analyse histologique. L'observation prédominante de la surface implantaire TPO était une fine couche de nouvel os couvrant la plupart des filetages implantaires. La moyenne ±SE du contact os-implant pour tout le groupe étudiéétait de 74±5%. Il y avait une variation significative dans le contact os-implant entre les animaux (P<0,0003) et entre les sites d'un même animal (P<0,0001). La variance du contact os-implant était 30% plus importante parmi les sites du même animal qu'entre différents animaux (respectivement 187 et 145). Il y avait une différence significative bien que faible dans la densité osseuse immédiatement á l'extérieur comparéà l'intérieur des zones à filetage des implants (37±3% vs 32±3%, P<0,0001). La densité osseuse en dehors des filetages implantaires était en corrélation significative (ß=0,682, P<0,0001) avec la densité osseuse à l'intérieur des zones de filetage. La densité osseuse à l'intérieur des zones de filetage était en corrélation significative (ß=0,493, P<0,0002) avec le contact os-implant, tandis que la densité osseuse en dehors des filetages implantaires n'avait pas d'effet significatif (ß=0,232, P=0,1). Ces résultats suggèrent que la surface TPO possède un potentiel ostéoconducteur considérable qui peut promouvoir une ostéoïntégration implantaire de haut niveau dans l'os de type IV dans la région maxillaire postérieure. Zusammenfassung Ziel: Um trotz schlechter Knochenqualität die Aussicht auf eine erfolgreiche implantologische Behandlung zu verbessern, wurden verschiedene Entwicklungen des Designs von Zahnimplantaten vorgeschlagen. Bei verschiedenen Gelegenheiten hat eine neue poröse Titanoxidoberfläche (TPO) scheinbar vorteilhafte Resultate gezeigt. Das Ziel dieser Studie war, die lokale Knochenbildung und die Osseointegration von Implantaten mit einer TPO-modifizierten Oberfläche im Typ IV Knochen zu untersuchen. Methode: In die zahnlosen posterioren Oberkiefern eines jeden von 8 Cynomolgus-Affen implantierte man drei Implantate mit einer TPO-modifizierten Oberfläche (TiUnite®). Den Tieren wurden 2, 3, 4 und 16 Wochen nach dem chirurgischen Eingriff fluoreszierende Knochenmarker injiziert und in der Wochen 16 wurden sie eingeschläfert und für die histologische Analyse Blockbiopsien entnommen. Resultate: Die wichtigste Beobachtung bei der TPO-Implantatoberfläche war eine dünne Schicht neuen Knochens, welche die meisten Schraubenwindungen des Implantates bedeckte. Der mittlere Knochen-Implantatkontakt (±SE) betrug in der ganzen Testgruppe 74.1±4.8%. Man fand eine signifikante Variabilität des Knochen-Implantatkontaktes unterhalb der Tiere (P=0.0003) und auch unterhalb der verschiedenen Impantate desselben Tieres (P<0.0001). Innerhalb der Implantate desselben Tieres war die Varianz des Knochen-Implantatkontaktes bis zu 30% grösser, als zwischen den verschiedenen Tieren (187.5 gegenüber 144.8). Man fand auch einen kleinen, aber signifikanten Unterschied der Knochendichte im Bereich direkt ausserhalb der Schraubenwindungen, verglichen mit dem inneren Bereich (37.1±3.2% gegenüber 32.1±3.2%, P<0.0001). Diese beiden Knochendichten waren aber signifikant miteinander korreliert (0.682, P<0.0001). Die Knochendichte innerhalb der Schraubenwindungen korrelierte signifikant mit dem Knochen-Implantat-Kontakt (ß=0.493, P=0.0002), währenddem die Knochendichte ausserhalb des Bereiches der Schraubenwindungen in dieser Beziehung keine signifikante Korrelation aufwies (ß=0.232, P=0.1). Zusammenfassung: Die Resultate lassen vermuten, dass die TPO-Oberfläche eine beachtliche osteokonduktive Fähigkeit hat, die im posterioren Oberkieferbereich mit Typ IV Knochen zu einer sehr guten Osseointegration führt. Resumen Antecedentes: Se han sugerido varios avances en los diseños de los implantes orales para superar una baja calidad de hueso, un impedimento para un tratamiento exitoso de implantes. Se ha presentado una nueva superficie de óxido de titanio poroso (TPO) que ofrece resultados favorables en diversas situaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la formación local de hueso y la osteointegración en implantes TPO modificados en hueso tipo IV. Método: Se instalaron tres implantes (TiUniteTM) con superficie modificada TPO en el maxilar posterior edéntulo en 8 monos Cynomolgus. Los animales fueron inyectados con marcadores óseos fluorescentes en la semana 2, 3, 4 y 16 tras la cirugía y se sacrificaron en la semana 16 recogiéndose biopsias en bloque para análisis histológicos. Resultados: La observación predominante de la superficie TPO del implante fue una fina capa de hueso nuevo cubriendo la mayor parte de las roscas. El contacto hueso-implante medio (±SE) para todo el grupo de estudio fue de 74.1±4.8%. Hubo una variabilidad significativa en el contacto hueso-implante entre animales (P=0.0003) y entre lugares del mismo animal (P<0.0001). La varianza en el contacto hueso-implante fue un 30% mayor entre lugares del mismo animal que entre los diferentes animales (187.5 vs. 144.8, respectivamente). Hubo una pequeña pero significativa diferencia en la densidad ósea inmediatamente por fuera comparada con el área roscada de los implantes (37.1±3.2% vs. 32.1±3.2%, P<0.0001). La densidad ósea por fuera de las roscas del implante se correlacionó significativamente (,=0.682, P<0.0001) con la densidad ósea entre las áreas de roscas. La densidad ósea entre las áreas de roscas se correlacionó significativamente (,=0.492, P<0.0002) con el contacto hueso implante, mientras que la densidad ósea por fuera de las roscas del implante no tuvo un efecto significativo (,=0.232, P=0.1). Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que la superficieTPOposee un considerable potencial osteoconductivo promoviendo un alto nivel de osteointegracióndel implante en hueso tipo IV en el maxilar posterior. [source]

Lateral ridge augmentation by the use of grafts comprised of autologous bone or a biomaterial.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 12 2002
An experiment in the dog
Abstract Objective: The present investigation was performed to determine if a block of Bio-Oss® used as an onlay graft can be used as a scaffold for new bone formation. Material and methods: Five mongrel dogs were used. The mandibular premolars were extracted. On both sides of the mandible, the buccal bone plate was resected and defects, about 25 mm long, 8 mm high and 5 mm wide, were produced After 3 months of healing, a second surgical procedure was performed. In the left side, a block of Bio-Oss® was adjusted to the buccal bone wall. The graft had the shape of a cylinder and was retained with a miniscrew and covered with a collagen membrane. In the contra-lateral side of the mandible, a block biopsy was first obtained from the ascending ramus. This bone graft had the shape of a cylinder that was 8 mm in diameter and 3 mm thick. The graft was transferred to the experimental site, adjusted to the buccal wall, retained with a miniscrew, and covered with a membrane. The flaps were repositioned and closed with sutures to ensure a complete coverage of the experimental sites. After 6 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the experimental sites dissected. The biopsies were processed for ground sectioning. The sections were stained in toluidine blue, examined in the microscope, and a number of histo- and morphometric assessments made. Results: The study demonstrated that cortical bone used as an onlay graft in the lateral aspect of the alveolar ridge, during a 6-month period of healing integrated with the host bone but underwent marked peripheral resorption. Thus, close to 30% of the height and 50% of the length of the graft was replaced with connective tissue. It was further observed that while the dimensions of a graft which contained a scaffold of cancellous bovine bone mineral remained unchanged, only moderate amounts of new bone formed at the base of this graft. Conclusion: Grafts of autologous cortical bone, placed on the surface of a one-wall defect, may undergo marked resorption during healing. A similar graft of Bio-Oss® may retain its dimension, and limited amounts of new bone will form within the biomaterial. [source]